MS Sample Set 7, Round 10 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following organisms DOES NOT belong to the phylum Echinodermata? W) Sea cucumber X) Sea urchin Y) Sea anemone Z) Brittle star

W: W) Sea cucumber

X: X) Sea urchin

Y: Y) Sea anemone

Z: Z) Brittle star

Answer: Y) Y) Sea anemone

BONUS general multiple_choice

The gut of what arthropod serves as a home to the cellulose-digesting protist known as Trichonympha? W) Tarantula hawk X) Termite Y) Pillbug Z) Praying mantis

W: W) Tarantula hawk

X: X) Termite

Y: Y) Pillbug

Z: Z) Praying mantis

Answer: X) X) Termite

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

The heat energy stored in water while it flows through a tube has been studied by which of the following scientists? W) Maxwell X) Archimedes Y) Bernoulli Z) Pascal

W: W) Maxwell

X: X) Archimedes

Y: Y) Bernoulli

Z: Z) Pascal

Answer: Y) Y) Bernoulli

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the SC Johnson cogeneration project at its Waxdale manufacturing facility in Wisconsin? W) It converts methane gas from a landfill to use as electricity X) It recovers waste heat to create steam Y) It has reduced greenhouse gas emissions Z) It has multiple geothermal heat pumps

W: W) It converts methane gas from a landfill to use as electricity

X: X) It recovers waste heat to create steam

Y: Y) It has reduced greenhouse gas emissions

Z: Z) It has multiple geothermal heat pumps

Answer: Z) Z) It has multiple geothermal heat pumps

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about electric and gravitational fields? W) Both can act in a vacuum X) Both obey an inverse-square law Y) Both are only attractive Z) Both are proportional to the product of the quantity that causes the field

W: W) Both can act in a vacuum

X: X) Both obey an inverse-square law

Y: Y) Both are only attractive

Z: Z) Both are proportional to the product of the quantity that causes the field

Answer: Y) Y) Both are only attractive

BONUS phys phrase

What is the speed in meters per second of an object that moves 0.3 kilometers in 1 minute?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following statements about wood in a tree is NOT true? W) Wood is made of secondary xylem and fibers X) The oldest wood is at the center of the tree while younger wood is towards the periphery Y) Annual rings consist of both early (spring) wood and late (summer) wood Z) True wood is only found in monocots, while dicots do not produce true wood

W: W) Wood is made of secondary xylem and fibers

X: X) The oldest wood is at the center of the tree while younger wood is towards the periphery

Y: Y) Annual rings consist of both early (spring) wood and late (summer) wood

Z: Z) True wood is only found in monocots, while dicots do not produce true wood

Answer: Z) Z) True wood is only found in monocots, while dicots do not produce true wood

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Sometimes, there is more of a particular ion inside of a cell than there is outside of the cell. Which of the following will a cell do if it requires even more of this particular ion? W) Nothing, since the ions diffuse into the cell across the membrane X) The lipid molecules of the membrane “flip” the ions across Y) The ions are transported into the cell via channel proteins Z) The ions are transported into the cell via transport proteins

W: W) Nothing, since the ions diffuse into the cell across the membrane

X: X) The lipid molecules of the membrane “flip” the ions across

Y: Y) The ions are transported into the cell via channel proteins

Z: Z) The ions are transported into the cell via transport proteins

Answer: Z) Z) The ions are transported into the cell via transport proteins

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Given the equation \(x^2 = \sqrt{x}\), which of the following conclusions is true? W) The equation is true for all real x X) The equation is true when x = 0 Y) The equation is true when x is negative Z) The equation is true for no real x

W: W) The equation is true for all real x

X: X) The equation is true when x = 0

Y: Y) The equation is true when x is negative

Z: Z) The equation is true for no real x

Answer: X) X) The equation is true when x = 0

BONUS math phrase

If the area of a sector of a circle with a central angle of 60° is \(24\pi\), what is the radius of the circle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 12

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Old sea ice is the category of sea ice that has been around for the longest time. It can be subdivided into which of the following groups? W) Second-year ice and multi-year ice X) Frazil ice and slush Y) 0 to 10 centimeter ice and 10 to 30 centimeter ice Z) Dark old sea ice and light old sea ice

W: W) Second-year ice and multi-year ice

X: X) Frazil ice and slush

Y: Y) 0 to 10 centimeter ice and 10 to 30 centimeter ice

Z: Z) Dark old sea ice and light old sea ice

Answer: W) W) Second-year ice and multi-year ice

BONUS ess order

Organize the following four surfaces from the lowest to highest albedo: 1) fresh snow; 2) snow-free sea ice; 3) sea water; 4) melting snow.

Choices:

  • fresh snow
  • snow-free sea ice
  • sea water
  • melting snow

Correct Order:

  • 3
  • 2
  • 4
  • 1

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

What is the dominant food source for the largest whale on Earth? W) Krill X) Squid Y) Penguins Z) Seals

W: W) Krill

X: X) Squid

Y: Y) Penguins

Z: Z) Seals

Answer: W) W) Krill

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following plants has a life cycle dominated by gametophytes? W) Fern X) Moss Y) Pine tree Z) Wheat

W: W) Fern

X: X) Moss

Y: Y) Pine tree

Z: Z) Wheat

Answer: X) X) Moss

TOSS-UP phys phrase

While at the beach, you notice that one ocean wave overtakes another. The two waves then become one wave, which has double the amplitude of the original waves. This is an example of what type of interference?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CONSTRUCTIVE

BONUS phys phrase

There are at least seven strong acids. Give the common names of five of them.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Any five of hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, nitric, sulfuric, perchloric, chloric

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In addition to carbohydrates and proteins, your body must also digest fats. What chemical, produced in the liver, aids in the digestion of fats?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BILE
  • GALL

BONUS bio phrase

While hiking in the remote wilderness, you start to run low on food. You’ve noted that there is plenty of thistle, prickly pear, sassafras, and foxglove growing nearby. Which of these plants would you absolutely NOT want to eat?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FOXGLOVE

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Ben started with an allowance of \$1.50. His allowance was doubled every week for the next 5 weeks. Which of the following types of function does this represent? W) Quadratic X) Linear Y) Exponential Z) Absolute value

W: W) Quadratic

X: X) Linear

Y: Y) Exponential

Z: Z) Absolute value

Answer: Y) Y) Exponential

BONUS math phrase

A tangent segment to a circle from an exterior point has a length of 12. The radius drawn to the point of tangency has a length of 5. What is the length of the segment drawn from the exterior point to the center of the circle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 13

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following characteristics are exhibited by biota that occur early in the succession of a region? W) Deep roots X) High productivity Y) Long lifespans Z) Highly diversified group of species

W: W) Deep roots

X: X) High productivity

Y: Y) Long lifespans

Z: Z) Highly diversified group of species

Answer: X) X) High productivity

BONUS ess multiple_choice

What is the major source of heat energy that leads to the melting of sea ice? W) Absorption of ocean water radiation by the ice X) Convection of heat from the surrounding air Y) Conduction of energy from the surrounding water Z) Radiation of energy from land

W: W) Absorption of ocean water radiation by the ice

X: X) Convection of heat from the surrounding air

Y: Y) Conduction of energy from the surrounding water

Z: Z) Radiation of energy from land

Answer: Y) Y) Conduction of energy from the surrounding water

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Looking at a package of 13-watt, energy efficient light bulbs, Debra read that the new 13-watt bulbs give off the same amount of light as an incandescent 60-watt bulb. Using the new bulbs will result in a wattage decrease closest to which of the following percentages? W) 70% X) 75% Y) 78% Z) 80%

W: W) 70%

X: X) 75%

Y: Y) 78%

Z: Z) 80%

Answer: Y) Y) 78%

BONUS math phrase

In degrees, what is the supplement of the complement of \(x + 20^\circ\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(110 + x\)

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about hydropower? W) The first hydropower plant was built at Niagara Falls in 1879 X) The U.S. is the largest producer of hydropower Y) The amount of electricity generated depends on how far the water drops and how much water moves through the system Z) It provides about one fifth of the world’s electricity

W: W) The first hydropower plant was built at Niagara Falls in 1879

X: X) The U.S. is the largest producer of hydropower

Y: Y) The amount of electricity generated depends on how far the water drops and how much water moves through the system

Z: Z) It provides about one fifth of the world’s electricity

Answer: X) X) The U.S. is the largest producer of hydropower

BONUS energy multiple_choice

In a transmission line, the voltage coming from the generator is increased from 25,000 volts to around 400,000 volts. Why must the voltage be raised so high? W) Higher voltage produces more power X) Higher voltage increases the power lost Y) Higher voltage reduces the amount of power lost Z) Transformers raise the voltage to protect the generator from overcurrents or overvoltages

W: W) Higher voltage produces more power

X: X) Higher voltage increases the power lost

Y: Y) Higher voltage reduces the amount of power lost

Z: Z) Transformers raise the voltage to protect the generator from overcurrents or overvoltages

Answer: Y) Y) Higher voltage reduces the amount of power lost

TOSS-UP phys phrase

You measure the current through a resistor as 15 amperes. The voltage drop across the resistor is 5 volts. According to Ohm’s law, to the nearest tenth of an ohm, what is the resistance?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.3 Ω

BONUS phys phrase

In an alien environment, you find a plant that excretes a liquid. This liquid, over time, separates into two distinct liquids. When mixed again, the two liquids become one, but only for a few hours. What would be the scientific name for this type of mixture?

Acceptable Answers:

  • EMULSION

TOSS-UP bio phrase

At the end of meiosis I, cell division results in two cells with replicated chromosomes, but the chromosomes are no longer in homologous pairs. What is the ploidy level of these cells?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HAPLOID
  • MONOPLOID

BONUS bio phrase

In mice, black fur B is dominant over white fur b. If a bb mouse is crossed with a Bb mouse, what percentages of white mice and black mice would you expect in the F1 generation?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 50% BLACK, 50% WHITE

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

A wagon wheel has 8 spokes. What percentage of the area of the wheel is represented by a spoke and the space between it and the next spoke? W) 8% X) 12.5% Y) 40% Z) 45%

W: W) 8%

X: X) 12.5%

Y: Y) 40%

Z: Z) 45%

Answer: X) X) 12.5%

BONUS math phrase

If a square inscribed in a circle has a side length equal to 8 inches, what is the area inside the circle but outside the square?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(32\pi - 64\)

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the name of the meteor shower visible in the Northern Hemisphere beginning in mid-July each year, with a peak in activity between August 9 and 14?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PERSEID

BONUS ess multiple_choice

What is the current explanation for the formation of the asteroid belt? W) There was too big of a gap between Mars and Jupiter to form a planet X) Mars had two moons and planetesimals in that location were not large enough to form another moon Y) The planetesimals in that location were moving too slowly to accrete to form a planet Z) After Jupiter was formed, planetesimals in that location were perturbed by Jupiter’s gravity and could not form a planet

W: W) There was too big of a gap between Mars and Jupiter to form a planet

X: X) Mars had two moons and planetesimals in that location were not large enough to form another moon

Y: Y) The planetesimals in that location were moving too slowly to accrete to form a planet

Z: Z) After Jupiter was formed, planetesimals in that location were perturbed by Jupiter’s gravity and could not form a planet

Answer: Z) Z) After Jupiter was formed, planetesimals in that location were perturbed by Jupiter’s gravity and could not form a planet

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of hydrolysis of a biomolecule? W) Conversion of fats to fatty acids and glycerol X) Conversion of proteins to amino acids Y) Conversion of nucleotides to DNA Z) Conversion of starch to monosaccharides

W: W) Conversion of fats to fatty acids and glycerol

X: X) Conversion of proteins to amino acids

Y: Y) Conversion of nucleotides to DNA

Z: Z) Conversion of starch to monosaccharides

Answer: Y) Y) Conversion of nucleotides to DNA

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following would most likely contain an alkaloid? W) Plants X) Fish Y) Reptiles Z) Mammals

W: W) Plants

X: X) Fish

Y: Y) Reptiles

Z: Z) Mammals

Answer: W) W) Plants

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Assuming no errors in cellular or genetic mechanics, which of the following increases genetic diversity in organisms that reproduce sexually as opposed to asexually? W) Homologous recombination X) Translation Y) Transcription Z) Replication

W: W) Homologous recombination

X: X) Translation

Y: Y) Transcription

Z: Z) Replication

Answer: W) W) Homologous recombination

BONUS general multiple_choice

Atopic dermatitis is a medical condition affecting which part of the human body? W) Liver X) Hair Y) Skin Z) Heart

W: W) Liver

X: X) Hair

Y: Y) Skin

Z: Z) Heart

Answer: Y) Y) Skin

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Grand Coulee Dam? W) It is the largest U.S. hydropower producer X) It is part of the Columbia Basin Project, which irrigates more than 600,000 acres of land Y) It is an arch-gravity dam Z) It contains nearly 12 million cubic yards of concrete

W: W) It is the largest U.S. hydropower producer

X: X) It is part of the Columbia Basin Project, which irrigates more than 600,000 acres of land

Y: Y) It is an arch-gravity dam

Z: Z) It contains nearly 12 million cubic yards of concrete

Answer: Y) Y) It is an arch-gravity dam

BONUS energy phrase

What intermediate device is required for electricity from a photovoltaic panel to be useable with a standard household wall outlet?

Acceptable Answers:

  • INVERTER
  • DC/AC CONVERTER

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What are the three elements that compose glucose and fructose?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON, OXYGEN, AND HYDROGEN

BONUS phys phrase

You build a powerful electromagnet using low resistance wiring, an iron-iridium core, multiple tight coils, and a high-voltage low-amperage battery. Which component had the greatest effect on the strength of your electromagnet?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MULTIPLE TIGHT COILS

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a potential control mechanism for regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms? W) The breakdown of RNA X) The transport of mRNA from the nucleus Y) The lactose operon Z) Transcription

W: W) The breakdown of RNA

X: X) The transport of mRNA from the nucleus

Y: Y) The lactose operon

Z: Z) Transcription

Answer: Y) Y) The lactose operon

BONUS bio multiple_choice

You are looking through a microscope at an unlabeled sample of human tissue. You notice the tissue is multinucleated, and contains striations. What tissue are you examining? W) Skeletal muscle X) Areolar connective tissue Y) Cardiac muscle Z) Fibrocartilage

W: W) Skeletal muscle

X: X) Areolar connective tissue

Y: Y) Cardiac muscle

Z: Z) Fibrocartilage

Answer: W) W) Skeletal muscle

TOSS-UP math phrase

If the area of a square is numerically the same as the length of its diagonal, what is the length of its side?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(\sqrt{2}\)

BONUS math phrase

What is the equation, in slope-intercept form, of the perpendicular bisector of the segment whose endpoints are \((-3,5)\) and \((7,9)\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(y = -\tfrac{5}{2}x + 12\)

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about light pollution? W) Using a short wavelength light at night minimizes the impact of artificial light X) Some birds sing at unnatural hours in the presence of artificial light Y) It is caused by allowing artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky at night, rather than focusing it downward Z) Brightly lit highways create nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, disorienting amphibians and other animals

W: W) Using a short wavelength light at night minimizes the impact of artificial light

X: X) Some birds sing at unnatural hours in the presence of artificial light

Y: Y) It is caused by allowing artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky at night, rather than focusing it downward

Z: Z) Brightly lit highways create nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, disorienting amphibians and other animals

Answer: W) W) Using a short wavelength light at night minimizes the impact of artificial light

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following would be the most damaging kind of light pollution for an astronomer using a telescope at an observatory? W) Everyone on a street leaving on their porch light X) A car dealership using a spotlight for advertisement Y) Neon lighting on advertisements Z) Everyone in town leaving their living room lights on after they go to bed

W: W) Everyone on a street leaving on their porch light

X: X) A car dealership using a spotlight for advertisement

Y: Y) Neon lighting on advertisements

Z: Z) Everyone in town leaving their living room lights on after they go to bed

Answer: X) X) A car dealership using a spotlight for advertisement

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

While body surfing off the coast of Florida, you are stung by a sea jelly. Which of the following cells is responsible for your irritation? W) Nematocyst X) Choanocyte Y) Hepatocyte Z) Trichome

W: W) Nematocyst

X: X) Choanocyte

Y: Y) Hepatocyte

Z: Z) Trichome

Answer: W) W) Nematocyst

BONUS general multiple_choice

A biologist hypothesizes that palatable mocker swallowtail caterpillars mimic non-palatable swallowtail caterpillars. She makes hundreds of decoy caterpillars out of modeling clay to put on plants. She will count the number of decoys that are destroyed by experienced predators. How might she paint the decoys to test her hypothesis most efficiently? W) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like non-palatable caterpillars of another species X) All to look like mocker swallowtails Y) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like swallowtails Z) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like palatable caterpillars of another species

W: W) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like non-palatable caterpillars of another species

X: X) All to look like mocker swallowtails

Y: Y) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like swallowtails

Z: Z) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like palatable caterpillars of another species

Answer: Z) Z) Half to look like mocker swallowtails and half to look like palatable caterpillars of another species