HS Sample Set 10, Round 5 from NSB
What is the arc length, in miles, traveled by a rocket along a circular path whose angle measures 0.2 radians with a radius of 80 miles? W) 16 X) 40 Y) 80 Z) 400
W: W) 16
X: X) 40
Y: Y) 80
Z: Z) 400
Answer: W) W) 16
What is the name for the amount of time it takes for a wave to complete a single cycle?
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Which of the following planets has rings? W) Mars X) Mercury Y) Neptune Z) Venus
W: W) Mars
X: X) Mercury
Y: Y) Neptune
Z: Z) Venus
Answer: Y) Y) Neptune
Put the following four minerals in order from softest to hardest on the Mohs scale: 1) Apatite; 2) Fluorite; 3) Quartz; 4) Corundum.
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What type of renewable fuel source consists of long alkyl chain esters produced from biolipids?
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What is the total R-value of a wall with 2 inches of fiberglass batting, with R = 3 per inch, and 4 inches of brick, with R = 0.2 per inch?
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What is the name of the oxyanion of bromine in which bromine has a +7 oxidation state and formula BrO₄⁻?
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The functional groups forming a peptide bond do NOT contain which of the following atoms? W) Hydrogen X) Nitrogen Y) Oxygen Z) Phosphorus
W: W) Hydrogen
X: X) Nitrogen
Y: Y) Oxygen
Z: Z) Phosphorus
Answer: Z) Z) Phosphorus
Maple syrup is extracted from maple trees by tapping what part of the plant? W) Xylem X) Phloem Y) Cambium Z) Bark
W: W) Xylem
X: X) Phloem
Y: Y) Cambium
Z: Z) Bark
Answer: W) W) Xylem
Which of the following types of cells could one find surrounding a stomatal pore? W) Guard cells X) Mesophyll cells Y) Palisade cells Z) Trace cells
W: W) Guard cells
X: X) Mesophyll cells
Y: Y) Palisade cells
Z: Z) Trace cells
Answer: W) W) Guard cells
The ratio of the measures of the three angles in a triangle is 2:3:4. What are the degree measures of the three angles?
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What mathematical rule can be applied to give information about the number of positive or negative real roots of a polynomial based on the number of sign changes in the polynomial’s coefficients?
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What alcohol reactant is needed to perform a Fischer esterification on a carboxylic acid to yield a methyl ester?
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Rank the following three acid solutions from lowest pH to highest pH: 1) 1.0 normal sulfuric acid; 2) 1.0 molal sulfuric acid; 3) 1.0 molar sulfuric acid.
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What operating situation, characterized by a circuit with very little to no electrical impedance, can cause lithium ion batteries to generate a lot of heat, sometimes causing fires?
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Which of the following best explains why power transmission lines use high voltage? W) Substation equipment used to transmit power at high voltage is cheaper than equipment for low voltage X) Power loss decreases as the square of the voltage increases Y) Power loss decreases linearly as the voltage increases Z) It is safer to transmit power at high rather than low voltage
W: W) Substation equipment used to transmit power at high voltage is cheaper than equipment for low voltage
X: X) Power loss decreases as the square of the voltage increases
Y: Y) Power loss decreases linearly as the voltage increases
Z: Z) It is safer to transmit power at high rather than low voltage
Answer: X) X) Power loss decreases as the square of the voltage increases
Identify all of the following four forces that are real in inertial reference frames: 1) Centrifugal; 2) Centripetal; 3) Lorentz; 4) Coriolis.
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An alpha particle of velocity 600 kilometers per second is fired directly at a helium-4 nucleus at rest. The two collide completely elastically. What is the final velocity, in kilometers per second, of the target helium nucleus?
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What volcano hosts the world's primary benchmark site for atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements and the observatory that produced the original Keeling curve?
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Which of the following best explains how and why galaxies in the universe are moving relative to each other? W) Most galaxies are moving away from each other because space is expanding X) All galaxies are moving toward each other because space is contracting Y) Most galaxies are moving away from each other because space is contracting Z) All galaxies are moving toward each other because space is expanding
W: W) Most galaxies are moving away from each other because space is expanding
X: X) All galaxies are moving toward each other because space is contracting
Y: Y) Most galaxies are moving away from each other because space is contracting
Z: Z) All galaxies are moving toward each other because space is expanding
Answer: W) W) Most galaxies are moving away from each other because space is expanding
Which of the following vitamins is NOT synthesized by plants or animals? W) B12 X) B6 Y) B2 Z) C
W: W) B12
X: X) B6
Y: Y) B2
Z: Z) C
Answer: W) W) B12
Which of the following is thought to have been the beneficial effect of two entire genome duplication events in the vertebrate lineage? W) More copies of each gene per cell were insurance against DNA damage from increased solar radiation X) Polyploid animals were more likely to have one good copy of each gene Y) One copy of a duplicated gene was free to take on new functions Z) Four copies of each gene meant stronger gene responses
W: W) More copies of each gene per cell were insurance against DNA damage from increased solar radiation
X: X) Polyploid animals were more likely to have one good copy of each gene
Y: Y) One copy of a duplicated gene was free to take on new functions
Z: Z) Four copies of each gene meant stronger gene responses
Answer: Y) Y) One copy of a duplicated gene was free to take on new functions
With respect to \(x\), which of the following has \(-3x^2\) as an antiderivative? W) –6x X) 6x Y) –x³ Z) x³
W: W) –6x
X: X) 6x
Y: Y) –x³
Z: Z) x³
Answer: W) W) –6x
Identify the center and radius of the sphere with equation $$36 = (x - 2)^2 + (y - 7)^2 + (z + 1)^2.$$
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Nitrogen monoxide is an example of which of the following? W) An expanded octet X) A resonance molecule Y) A dimerizing molecule Z) A free radical
W: W) An expanded octet
X: X) A resonance molecule
Y: Y) A dimerizing molecule
Z: Z) A free radical
Answer: Z) Z) A free radical
M²⁺ is a metal ion with a ground state electron configuration of [Ar]3d⁸4s⁰. What is the identity of M? W) Molybdenum X) Nickel Y) Niobium Z) Magnesium
W: W) Molybdenum
X: X) Nickel
Y: Y) Niobium
Z: Z) Magnesium
Answer: X) X) Nickel
One 42-gallon barrel of crude oil produces approximately how many US gallons of gasoline? W) 10 X) 20 Y) 30 Z) 40
W: W) 10
X: X) 20
Y: Y) 30
Z: Z) 40
Answer: X) X) 20
During fission in a nuclear reactor, non-fission neutron capture by uranium yields heavy elements like americium and plutonium. What are these elements called? W) Pnictogens X) Chalcogens Y) Lanthanides Z) Actinides
W: W) Pnictogens
X: X) Chalcogens
Y: Y) Lanthanides
Z: Z) Actinides
Answer: Z) Z) Actinides
What are the prime factors of 105?
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If \(f(x) = \sqrt{x + 3}\) and \(g(x) = \sqrt{x - 3}\), what is the domain of the function \(f(x) / g(x)\)? W) x > 3 X) x ≥ 3 Y) x ≥ -3 Z) -3 < x < 3
W: W) x > 3
X: X) x ≥ 3
Y: Y) x ≥ -3
Z: Z) -3 < x < 3
Answer: W) W) x > 3
If a slow-moving warm front is followed by a fast-moving cold front, the cold front will sometimes overtake the warm front. When the cold air lifts the warm air entirely aloft, what atmospheric phenomenon results? W) Stationary front X) Occluded front Y) Marine front Z) Polar front
W: W) Stationary front
X: X) Occluded front
Y: Y) Marine front
Z: Z) Polar front
Answer: X) X) Occluded front
Identify all of the following three constellations and asterisms that would be visible in the December night sky over the North Pole: 1) Cassiopeia; 2) Crux; 3) The Big Dipper.
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What form of active transport involves moving two or more different molecules across a membrane in the same direction, coupling the favorable transport of one molecule to the unfavorable transport of the other?
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Mycobacterium is a genus of slow-growing and difficult-to-eradicate bacteria responsible for what two human diseases? W) Mononucleosis and pertussis X) Shigella and malaria Y) Gingivitis and impetigo Z) Leprosy and tuberculosis
W: W) Mononucleosis and pertussis
X: X) Shigella and malaria
Y: Y) Gingivitis and impetigo
Z: Z) Leprosy and tuberculosis
Answer: Z) Z) Leprosy and tuberculosis
Identify all of the following three statements that are always true about resistors in parallel: 1) The equivalent resistance is greater than any individual resistance; 2) The voltage across each resistor is the same; 3) The current through each resistor is the same.
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An object is thrown with a horizontal velocity of 20 meters per second from a height of 125 meters above level ground. If air resistance is negligible, to the nearest whole number, how many seconds does it take the object to fall to the ground?
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What is the coordination number of a body-centered cubic lattice? W) 2 X) 4 Y) 6 Z) 8
W: W) 2
X: X) 4
Y: Y) 6
Z: Z) 8
Answer: Z) Z) 8
What quantum number determines if an orbital is s, p, d, or f?
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Bacteria are able to become resistant to antibiotics by increasing their genetic variability through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT: W) Conjugation X) Transduction Y) Binary fission Z) Transformation
W: W) Conjugation
X: X) Transduction
Y: Y) Binary fission
Z: Z) Transformation
Answer: Y) Y) Binary fission
In humans, the mucosa of the stomach produces intrinsic factor, which is required for absorption of what vitamin?
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In volts per meter, what is the electric field at the center of a hollow metallic sphere with a radius of 10 centimeters when the center of the sphere is 3 meters from a particle with a charge of 5 coulombs?
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A model train is towing 3 rail cars full of marbles, with a total kinetic energy of 100 joules. If the locomotive detaches the rail cars, the total mass of the train is reduced by 50%. If the locomotive then suddenly doubles its speed, what will be its resulting kinetic energy, in joules?
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How many exterior angles does a parallelogram have?
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What is the sum from \(n = 1\) to \(4\) of \(2n^2\)? $$\sum_{n=1}^{4} 2n^2$$
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At what type of plate boundary is there no destruction or creation of lithosphere due to the relative motion being in the horizontal direction?
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A stream is referred to as a “gaining stream” when its surface is below what groundwater feature?
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