MS Sample Set 12, Round 8 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The backwards recoil of firing an air-rifle is best attributable to the conservation of what quantity?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MOMENTUM

BONUS phys phrase

If the fundamental frequency of a guitar string is 260 hertz, what is the frequency, in hertz, of the second harmonic?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 520

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following best explains why the moon appears red during a total lunar eclipse? W) Reflection off other planetary surfaces X) Scattering by dust in lunar orbit Y) Refraction through the Earth’s atmosphere Z) Blackbody emission of light

W: W) Reflection off other planetary surfaces

X: X) Scattering by dust in lunar orbit

Y: Y) Refraction through the Earth’s atmosphere

Z: Z) Blackbody emission of light

Answer: Y) Y) Refraction through the Earth’s atmosphere

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three models of the solar system that are geocentric: 1) Copernican; 2) Ptolemaic; 3) Tychonic.

Choices:

  • Copernican
  • Ptolemaic
  • Tychonic

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP math phrase

The temperature at 9 AM was 67 degrees Fahrenheit. If the temperature rose 3 degrees per hour, what was the temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, at 3 PM?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 85

BONUS math phrase

What is 16/35 minus 12/25?

Acceptable Answers:

  • -4/175 ($-\frac{4}{175}$)

TOSS-UP energy phrase

DOE researchers recently demonstrated the creation of a 2D transistor by etching molybdenum selenide into a pre-existing sheet of a 2D conductor. What is the common name of the conductor they used?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GRAPHENE

BONUS energy phrase

SLAC scientists shined high-energy X-ray laser pulses into various solid samples, resulting in the ejection of high-energy electrons. These ultra-high intensity pulses last for only 1 femtosecond. Expressing your answer as 10 raised to a power, how many femtoseconds are in one second?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 10^15 ($10^{15}$)

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What domain of life is the kingdom Animalia classified under?

Acceptable Answers:

  • EUKARYA

BONUS bio multiple_choice

A hospital technician centrifuges a vial of blood and notices a very thin milky white layer between two large layers. What can be found in these layers? W) Plasma X) Red blood cells Y) Bacteria Z) Leukocytes

W: W) Plasma

X: X) Red blood cells

Y: Y) Bacteria

Z: Z) Leukocytes

Answer: Z) Z) Leukocytes

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of these minerals would scratch all of the others? W) Fluorite X) Orthoclase Y) Gypsum Z) Calcite

W: W) Fluorite

X: X) Orthoclase

Y: Y) Gypsum

Z: Z) Calcite

Answer: X) X) Orthoclase

BONUS ess multiple_choice

What is the term for the maximum slope angle that a pile of loose sediment can sustain without falling or rolling downward? W) Interior angle X) Exterior angle Y) Angle of consolidation Z) Angle of repose

W: W) Interior angle

X: X) Exterior angle

Y: Y) Angle of consolidation

Z: Z) Angle of repose

Answer: Z) Z) Angle of repose

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Researchers at Brookhaven National Lab, through the Daya Bay collaboration, are studying the particles that carry away about 5 percent of the energy released when uranium atoms in a fission reactor split. What particles are they studying?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NEUTRINOS
  • ANTI-NEUTRINOS

BONUS energy phrase

DOE scientists have developed a method to visualize electric fields with a camera that uses a one-atom-thick semiconductor as a sensor. This semiconductor is composed of what element?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the multiplicative inverse of –3/2?

Acceptable Answers:

  • -2/3

BONUS math phrase

To the nearest whole number, what temperature in degrees Celsius is equivalent to 125 degrees Fahrenheit?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 52

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is an example of diagenesis? W) Heating and compaction of sediment X) Chemical conversion of dinitrogen gas to fixed nitrogen Y) Reawakening of a dormant volcano Z) Formation of a new iceberg

W: W) Heating and compaction of sediment

X: X) Chemical conversion of dinitrogen gas to fixed nitrogen

Y: Y) Reawakening of a dormant volcano

Z: Z) Formation of a new iceberg

Answer: W) W) Heating and compaction of sediment

BONUS ess phrase

By definition, mafic rocks and minerals are rich in what two elements?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MAGNESIUM AND IRON

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In what organelle do the reactions of the citric acid cycle occur?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MITOCHONDRION
  • MITOCHONDRIA

BONUS bio multiple_choice

A newborn baby was found to have 47 chromosomes. What is the term for this disorder? W) Chromosomal inversion X) Chromosomal deletion Y) Aneuploidy Z) Chromosomal translocation

W: W) Chromosomal inversion

X: X) Chromosomal deletion

Y: Y) Aneuploidy

Z: Z) Chromosomal translocation

Answer: Y) Y) Aneuploidy

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Analysts at Los Alamos National Laboratory have shown how to minimize environmental impacts by refracturing shale gas wells. Which of the following is not an environmental benefit of refracturing? W) Fewer wells need to be drilled X) Natural gas is more efficiently removed from each well Y) Carbon dioxide is deposited in a form of carbon sequestration Z) Natural gas does not release harmful byproducts

W: W) Fewer wells need to be drilled

X: X) Natural gas is more efficiently removed from each well

Y: Y) Carbon dioxide is deposited in a form of carbon sequestration

Z: Z) Natural gas does not release harmful byproducts

Answer: Z) Z) Natural gas does not release harmful byproducts

BONUS energy phrase

At the Fermilab Tevatron, one of the most common types of collisions resulting in the creation of top quarks resulted in the creation of a top-quark-anti-top-quark pair. What fundamental force mediates the creation of this quark-anti-quark pair?

Acceptable Answers:

  • STRONG
  • STRONG NUCLEAR

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Hydrocarbons are primarily composed of what two elements?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON AND HYDROGEN

BONUS phys phrase

How many molecules of hydrogen gas are generated when 2 molecules of water are decomposed to form hydrogen gas and oxygen gas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP math phrase

Expressing your answer to the nearest hundred, find the following sum: 733 + 840 + 362.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1900

BONUS math phrase

What is the area of an equilateral triangle with sides of length 22?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 121√3 ($121\sqrt{3}$)

TOSS-UP bio multiselect

A biologist creates an artificial phospholipid bilayer that contains no transmembrane proteins. Identify all of the following three elements that can be encountered exactly halfway between the two layers: 1) Phosphorous; 2) Oxygen; 3) Hydrogen.

Choices:

  • Phosphorous
  • Oxygen
  • Hydrogen

Correct Answers:

  • 3

BONUS bio phrase

What molecule is the carbon source in the Calvin cycle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CO2
  • CARBON DIOXIDE

TOSS-UP phys phrase

How many lone pairs of electrons are present in the Lewis diagram of a water molecule?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true for a gas-containing cylinder as the piston is depressed: 1) The volume decreases; 2) The gas particles collide more often; 3) The pressure decreases.

Choices:

  • The volume decreases
  • The gas particles collide more often
  • The pressure decreases

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the average of the following 3 numbers? 6, 8, 13

Acceptable Answers:

  • 9

BONUS math phrase

A right triangle has leg lengths 2 and 5. A similar triangle has its shorter leg of length 6. To the nearest integer, what is the length of the hypotenuse in the larger triangle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 16

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In the cell membrane, which of the four biological macromolecule classes can be found as hormones and are also used to store energy?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LIPIDS
  • FATS, OILS

BONUS bio multiple_choice

What type of mammalian muscle is under voluntary control? W) Smooth muscle X) Skeletal muscle Y) Cardiac muscle Z) Rough muscle

W: W) Smooth muscle

X: X) Skeletal muscle

Y: Y) Cardiac muscle

Z: Z) Rough muscle

Answer: X) X) Skeletal muscle

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the nearest large spiral galaxy to Earth? W) Triangulum Galaxy X) Large Magellanic Cloud Y) Sombrero Galaxy Z) Andromeda Galaxy

W: W) Triangulum Galaxy

X: X) Large Magellanic Cloud

Y: Y) Sombrero Galaxy

Z: Z) Andromeda Galaxy

Answer: Z) Z) Andromeda Galaxy

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three stars that are part of the main sequence: 1) The Sun; 2) Sirius; 3) Proxima Centauri.

Choices:

  • The Sun
  • Sirius
  • Proxima Centauri

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the degree measure of an angle that is the supplement of a 43-degree angle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 137

BONUS math phrase

Solve the following equation for x over the negative real numbers: $x^4 + 4x^2 - 45 = 0$

Acceptable Answers:

  • -√5 ($-\sqrt{5}$)

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

When making homemade ice cream, salt is added to crushed ice surrounding the cream mixture. Which of the following does NOT occur when the salt is added to the ice? W) The freezing temperature of the cream mixture is lowered X) The freezing temperature of the ice is lowered Y) The temperature of the system is lowered Z) Some of the ice is melted

W: W) The freezing temperature of the cream mixture is lowered

X: X) The freezing temperature of the ice is lowered

Y: Y) The temperature of the system is lowered

Z: Z) Some of the ice is melted

Answer: W) W) The freezing temperature of the cream mixture is lowered

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three actions that can increase the rate of a reaction: 1) Increasing the temperature; 2) Decreasing the concentration of reactants; 3) Increasing the surface area of the reactants.

Choices:

  • Increasing the temperature
  • Decreasing the concentration of reactants
  • Increasing the surface area of the reactants

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The "Ring of Fire" occurs due to subduction of oceanic plates around the border of which ocean basin?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PACIFIC

BONUS ess phrase

If you are living at 30 degrees North latitude, in what two months will you experience days and nights of equal length?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MARCH, SEPTEMBER

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following does not demonstrate external radial symmetry? W) Sea anemones X) Jellyfish Y) Coral Z) Eels

W: W) Sea anemones

X: X) Jellyfish

Y: Y) Coral

Z: Z) Eels

Answer: Z) Z) Eels

BONUS bio phrase

What organs do spiders use to spin silk?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SPINNERETS

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What physical property of a sound wave corresponds to its volume?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AMPLITUDE

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of work and machines: 1) Power is a measure of the rate at which work is done; 2) A wedge is a combination of inclined planes; 3) Mechanical advantage is always greater than or equal to one.

Choices:

  • Power is a measure of the rate at which work is done
  • A wedge is a combination of inclined planes
  • Mechanical advantage is always greater than or equal to one

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2