HS Sample Set 7, Round 6 from NSB
Which of the following methods of dissemination of bacterial genetic material is mismatched to its description? W) Transduction: viral transfer of one cell’s DNA to another X) Binary fission: cellular division Y) Conjugation: through physical interaction, a donor cell transfers genetic material to a recipient cell Z) Transformation: one bacteria engulfs another to integrate its DNA
W: W) Transduction: viral transfer of one cell’s DNA to another
X: X) Binary fission: cellular division
Y: Y) Conjugation: through physical interaction, a donor cell transfers genetic material to a recipient cell
Z: Z) Transformation: one bacteria engulfs another to integrate its DNA
Answer: Z) Z) Transformation: one bacteria engulfs another to integrate its DNA
In one form of epigenetics called genomic imprinting, DNA is silenced by what mechanism? W) Methylation X) Acetylation Y) Phosphorylation Z) Ubiquitylation
W: W) Methylation
X: X) Acetylation
Y: Y) Phosphorylation
Z: Z) Ubiquitylation
Answer: W) W) Methylation
A box of proper length \(l\), proper width \(w\), and proper height \(h\) is falling right-side up without tumbling toward the ground. The Lorentz contraction predicts that which of the following dimensions will be contracted? W) Only height X) Only height and length Y) Only length and width Z) Height, width and length
W: W) Only height
X: X) Only height and length
Y: Y) Only length and width
Z: Z) Height, width and length
Answer: W) W) Only height
A curve banked at 45° has a radius of 62.5 meters. Assuming \(g = 10\) m/s², if a car is to navigate the curve with no friction needed, with what speed, in meters per second, should the car travel?
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A cube painted red on all sides has an edge length of 4 inches. If the cube is then cut into 64 cubes of edge length 1 inch, how many of the 1 inch cubes have exactly one face painted red?
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A point has rectangular coordinates \((3,3)\). What are its equivalent polar coordinates? W) \((3,\pi/6)\) X) \((3,\pi/4)\) Y) \((3\sqrt2,\pi/6)\) Z) \((3\sqrt2,\pi/4)\)
W: W) \((3,\pi/6)\)
X: X) \((3,\pi/4)\)
Y: Y) \((3\sqrt2,\pi/6)\)
Z: Z) \((3\sqrt2,\pi/4)\)
Answer: Z) Z) \((3\sqrt2,\pi/4)\)
What percentage of the world’s geothermally produced electricity is produced in the United States? W) 11% X) 17% Y) 24% Z) 30%
W: W) 11%
X: X) 17%
Y: Y) 24%
Z: Z) 30%
Answer: Z) Z) 30%
Which of the following is NOT a type of vacuum pump? W) Scroll pump X) Roots blower Y) Diaphragm compressor Z) Turbomolecular pump
W: W) Scroll pump
X: X) Roots blower
Y: Y) Diaphragm compressor
Z: Z) Turbomolecular pump
Answer: Y) Y) Diaphragm compressor
Which of the following are the latitudes most favorable for tornadogenesis? W) 30 – 50 degrees north and south X) 45 – 60 degrees north Y) 0 – 10 degrees north and south Z) 0 – 60 degrees north
W: W) 30 – 50 degrees north and south
X: X) 45 – 60 degrees north
Y: Y) 0 – 10 degrees north and south
Z: Z) 0 – 60 degrees north
Answer: W) W) 30 – 50 degrees north and south
The rest-frame lifetime of a muon is 2.2 μs. Muons are produced in the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays. The light travel time from the upper atmosphere to the ground is about 150 μs. Nevertheless, many muons reach the ground. For an observer on the ground, which principle best explains this? W) Length contraction X) Atmospheric scintillation Y) Time dilation Z) Pair production
W: W) Length contraction
X: X) Atmospheric scintillation
Y: Y) Time dilation
Z: Z) Pair production
Answer: Y) Y) Time dilation
Which of the following molecules can NOT be isolated as an optically pure sample? W) Valine X) Tartaric acid Y) Epichlorohydrin Z) Trans-4-chlorocyclohexanol
W: W) Valine
X: X) Tartaric acid
Y: Y) Epichlorohydrin
Z: Z) Trans-4-chlorocyclohexanol
Answer: Z) Z) Trans-4-chlorocyclohexanol
What two chemists, in 2001, were awarded half the Nobel Prize for their work on asymmetric hydrogenation?
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Which of the following infectious agents should a human be least concerned about contracting? W) Prion X) Viroid Y) Retrovirus Z) RNA virus
W: W) Prion
X: X) Viroid
Y: Y) Retrovirus
Z: Z) RNA virus
Answer: X) X) Viroid
Which of the following molecules catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids? W) Protease X) Ribosome Y) Pepsin Z) Kinase
W: W) Protease
X: X) Ribosome
Y: Y) Pepsin
Z: Z) Kinase
Answer: X) X) Ribosome
Which of the following statements is NOT true? W) Electrons, protons, and neutrons obey the Pauli exclusion principle X) The Pauli exclusion principle applies to all fermions Y) All fermions have a spin of 1/2 Z) Electrons, protons, and neutrons obey Fermi–Dirac distribution
W: W) Electrons, protons, and neutrons obey the Pauli exclusion principle
X: X) The Pauli exclusion principle applies to all fermions
Y: Y) All fermions have a spin of 1/2
Z: Z) Electrons, protons, and neutrons obey Fermi–Dirac distribution
Answer: Y) Y) All fermions have a spin of 1/2
Two light waves travel the same distance of \(6\times10^{-7}\) m but in media of refractive indices 1.54 and 1.00. What is the time delay in seconds between them, to one significant figure, in scientific notation?
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The price of an item is discounted 10% and then the new price is further discounted 20%. What single discount is equivalent to this double discount? W) 15% X) 28% Y) 30% Z) 72%
W: W) 15%
X: X) 28%
Y: Y) 30%
Z: Z) 72%
Answer: X) X) 28%
Let \(g(x) = (x - 1)^2\). What is the set of all real \(x\) for which \(g(x) > 4\)?
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Which of the following metals reacts violently with water? W) Gold X) Lithium Y) Iron Z) Mercury
W: W) Gold
X: X) Lithium
Y: Y) Iron
Z: Z) Mercury
Answer: X) X) Lithium
How many electrons are transferred for the complete electrochemical oxidation of one hydrogen molecule in a fuel cell? W) 1 X) 2 Y) 4 Z) 6
W: W) 1
X: X) 2
Y: Y) 4
Z: Z) 6
Answer: X) X) 2
Which factor is most important in controlling the density of seawater? W) Temperature X) Salinity Y) Pressure Z) Amount of oxygen in water
W: W) Temperature
X: X) Salinity
Y: Y) Pressure
Z: Z) Amount of oxygen in water
Answer: W) W) Temperature
The Palmer Drought Severity Index is based on precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil recharge demand, runoff demand, and what other factor?
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Which of the following statements is NOT true of polyunsaturated fatty acids? W) They are highly concentrated in cell membranes of the nervous system X) They are the most prevalent fatty acid found in the human body Y) They contain two or more double bonds Z) They play a crucial role in brain function
W: W) They are highly concentrated in cell membranes of the nervous system
X: X) They are the most prevalent fatty acid found in the human body
Y: Y) They contain two or more double bonds
Z: Z) They play a crucial role in brain function
Answer: X) X) They are the most prevalent fatty acid found in the human body
Which of the following is NOT true of conjugated dienes? W) Increasing conjugation is proportional to increased UV wavelength absorption X) Heats of formation are lower than unconjugated dienes Y) s-trans dienes participate in Diels–Alder cyclization Z) At lower temperatures, 1,2-addition products predominate
W: W) Increasing conjugation is proportional to increased UV wavelength absorption
X: X) Heats of formation are lower than unconjugated dienes
Y: Y) s-trans dienes participate in Diels–Alder cyclization
Z: Z) At lower temperatures, 1,2-addition products predominate
Answer: Y) Y) s-trans dienes participate in Diels–Alder cyclization
Which portion of a gene could ultimately be translated to protein? W) Exon X) Terminator Y) Intron Z) Promoter
W: W) Exon
X: X) Terminator
Y: Y) Intron
Z: Z) Promoter
Answer: W) W) Exon
Why do many modern crop plants (e.g., wheat) have much larger cell volumes than their wild ancestors? W) Plants can tolerate trisomy X) Plants can tolerate polyploidy Y) Plants have been genetically engineered Z) Plants tolerate gene duplications
W: W) Plants can tolerate trisomy
X: X) Plants can tolerate polyploidy
Y: Y) Plants have been genetically engineered
Z: Z) Plants tolerate gene duplications
Answer: X) X) Plants can tolerate polyploidy
A projectile launched tangentially to Earth’s surface at a speed such that it will neither collide nor escape will have what trajectory shape (ignoring air resistance)? W) Parabolic X) Circular Y) Elliptical Z) Hyperbolic
W: W) Parabolic
X: X) Circular
Y: Y) Elliptical
Z: Z) Hyperbolic
Answer: Y) Y) Elliptical
A 100 m spaceship moves past you with speed \(\frac{\sqrt3\,c}{2}\). At what length do you measure the spaceship? W) 50 X) \(50\sqrt3\) Y) 100 Z) 200
W: W) 50
X: X) \(50\sqrt3\)
Y: Y) 100
Z: Z) 200
Answer: W) W) 50
In a round-robin conference, 45 games were played. How many teams were in the conference? W) 8 X) 9 Y) 10 Z) 11
W: W) 8
X: X) 9
Y: Y) 10
Z: Z) 11
Answer: Y) Y) 10
Given \(f(x)=\sqrt{2-x}\), for what \(x\) does \(f(x+2)=1\)?
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Which of the following will generally increase the kinetics of a reaction? W) Decreasing surface area X) Decreasing concentration Y) Increasing temperature Z) Increasing number of side reactions
W: W) Decreasing surface area
X: X) Decreasing concentration
Y: Y) Increasing temperature
Z: Z) Increasing number of side reactions
Answer: Y) Y) Increasing temperature
In megajoules, how much energy does a 2.5 kW stove use if turned on for two hours?
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The Coriolis effect causes objects in the Northern Hemisphere to veer which way? W) To the right (clockwise from above) X) To the left (counterclockwise from above) Y) Upward Z) Downward
W: W) To the right (clockwise from above)
X: X) To the left (counterclockwise from above)
Y: Y) Upward
Z: Z) Downward
Answer: W) W) To the right (clockwise from above)
The average kinetic energy of ions in the solar core is too low to overcome the Coulomb barrier. What phenomenon allows fusion to occur?
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Which of the following is generally NOT an appropriate SN2 electrophile? W) Benzyl bromide X) Allyl bromide Y) Propargyl bromide Z) Vinyl bromide
W: W) Benzyl bromide
X: X) Allyl bromide
Y: Y) Propargyl bromide
Z: Z) Vinyl bromide
Answer: Z) Z) Vinyl bromide
What is the major organic product formed when 1-butanol is treated with the Collins reagent?
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Meselson and Stahl’s 1958 isotope-labeling experiment supported which DNA replication model? W) Semiconservative X) Dispersive Y) Conservative Z) Transformative
W: W) Semiconservative
X: X) Dispersive
Y: Y) Conservative
Z: Z) Transformative
Answer: W) W) Semiconservative
What is the term for solid mineral deposits formed in the body, such as kidney stones? W) Calculus X) Caries Y) Carbuncle Z) Cachexia
W: W) Calculus
X: X) Caries
Y: Y) Carbuncle
Z: Z) Cachexia
Answer: W) W) Calculus
Ryan (150 lb) and Kate (50 lb) push off on ice. If Ryan moves at 1 m/s, with what speed does Kate move?
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Mercury’s orbit has semi-major axis 0.4 AU and eccentricity 0.2. At which distance will it move slowest? W) 0.3 AU X) 0.4 AU Y) 0.5 AU Z) 0.8 AU
W: W) 0.3 AU
X: X) 0.4 AU
Y: Y) 0.5 AU
Z: Z) 0.8 AU
Answer: Y) Y) 0.5 AU
The IQ of a Martian varies directly with the square of its tentacle count. If 5 tentacles → IQ 75, what is the IQ for 8 tentacles?
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If \(y=2\cos^2 x\), what is \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) at \(x=\pi/4\)? W) –2 X) –1 Y) 1 Z) 2
W: W) –2
X: X) –1
Y: Y) 1
Z: Z) 2
Answer: W) W) –2
What two underwater events can cause tsunamis?
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Even if no cleanup occurred, which area would likely remain unaffected by surface oil from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill? W) Brazil X) Florida Y) Cape Hatteras Z) Yucatan Peninsula
W: W) Brazil
X: X) Florida
Y: Y) Cape Hatteras
Z: Z) Yucatan Peninsula
Answer: W) W) Brazil
According to the integrated Clausius–Clapeyron equation for \(\ln P\) vs. \(1/T\), the slope corresponds to which term? W) –ΔHvap/R X) ΔHvap/R Y) –R/ΔHvap Z) R/ΔHvap
W: W) –ΔHvap/R
X: X) ΔHvap/R
Y: Y) –R/ΔHvap
Z: Z) R/ΔHvap
Answer: W) W) –ΔHvap/R
Place the following four substances from lowest to highest boiling point: 1) carbon tetrachloride; 2) ethane; 3) propane; 4) water.
Choices:
Correct Order:
What is the one type of infectious agent that contains no nucleic acid?
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Loss of the retinoblastoma gene product, Rb, causes cancer by affecting which cell-cycle checkpoint? W) G1/S checkpoint X) S/G2 checkpoint Y) G2/M checkpoint Z) M/G1 checkpoint
W: W) G1/S checkpoint
X: X) S/G2 checkpoint
Y: Y) G2/M checkpoint
Z: Z) M/G1 checkpoint
Answer: W) W) G1/S checkpoint
Which quantity has an inverse-cubic relationship with distance? W) The magnitude of gravitational force between two point masses X) The electric potential energy for a point charge Y) The magnetic field strength at an axial point from the center of a current loop Z) The speed of a satellite in circular orbit around the Earth
W: W) The magnitude of gravitational force between two point masses
X: X) The electric potential energy for a point charge
Y: Y) The magnetic field strength at an axial point from the center of a current loop
Z: Z) The speed of a satellite in circular orbit around the Earth
Answer: Y) Y) The magnetic field strength at an axial point from the center of a current loop
A horizontal water pipe tapers so that its area decreases. If water velocity increases from 3 m/s to 15 m/s and ρ = 1000 kg/m³ (incompressible), what is the change in pressure (Pa) from the larger to the smaller section?
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