MS Sample Set 4, Round 8 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

A swing converts energy between which two forms? W) Kinetic and radiant energy X) Mechanical and electrical energy Y) Radiant and sound energy Z) Kinetic and potential energy

W: W) Kinetic and radiant energy

X: X) Mechanical and electrical energy

Y: Y) Radiant and sound energy

Z: Z) Kinetic and potential energy

Answer: Z) Z) Kinetic and potential energy

BONUS energy phrase

If you drop a tennis ball from the first-story window of a building, it has less and less of which form of energy as it falls?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY
  • POTENTIAL ENERGY

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Why are fruits and vegetables essential in a healthy mammalian diet? W) They have a high water content X) They are the best source of protein Y) They are rich in minerals and vitamins Z) They are the best source of carbohydrates

W: W) They have a high water content

X: X) They are the best source of protein

Y: Y) They are rich in minerals and vitamins

Z: Z) They are the best source of carbohydrates

Answer: Y) Y) They are rich in minerals and vitamins

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following meals would give humans most of the nutrients needed in a day? W) Vegetables, fruit, and water X) Meat, milk, and a piece of chocolate Y) Bread, vegetables, and fish Z) Meat, fish, and bread

W: W) Vegetables, fruit, and water

X: X) Meat, milk, and a piece of chocolate

Y: Y) Bread, vegetables, and fish

Z: Z) Meat, fish, and bread

Answer: Y) Y) Bread, vegetables, and fish

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

In order to figure out what is in a sealed box, you perform some tests. The box seems heavy for its size and is harder to remove from a steel table than when placed on a concrete floor. What kind of object could be inside the box? W) Magnet X) Another steel table Y) Battery Z) Computer

W: W) Magnet

X: X) Another steel table

Y: Y) Battery

Z: Z) Computer

Answer: W) W) Magnet

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following characteristics best describes metals? W) Brittle, highly reactive, and have low melting points X) Lustrous, malleable, and are good conductors Y) Dense, form salts, and are highly reactive Z) Hard, form negatively charged ions, and are good resistors

W: W) Brittle, highly reactive, and have low melting points

X: X) Lustrous, malleable, and are good conductors

Y: Y) Dense, form salts, and are highly reactive

Z: Z) Hard, form negatively charged ions, and are good resistors

Answer: X) X) Lustrous, malleable, and are good conductors

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the name given to the superposition of two or more waves resulting in a new wave pattern?

Acceptable Answers:

  • INTERFERENCE

BONUS phys phrase

Which type of wave interference will give you a flat line?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE

TOSS-UP math phrase

The Sun is approximately 93 million miles from the Earth. What is this distance written in scientific notation?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 9.3 × 10^7

BONUS math phrase

What is 909,888,000,000 written in scientific notation with three significant digits?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 9.10 × 10^11

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is true about divergent plate boundaries where the lithosphere is being pushed and pulled apart? W) They only occur along the seafloor X) They are sites of the most explosive volcanism known on earth Y) They are no longer active but there is evidence of volcanism from millions of years ago Z) Magma from the mantle is exposed at the surface and cools to form new lithospheric crust

W: W) They only occur along the seafloor

X: X) They are sites of the most explosive volcanism known on earth

Y: Y) They are no longer active but there is evidence of volcanism from millions of years ago

Z: Z) Magma from the mantle is exposed at the surface and cools to form new lithospheric crust

Answer: Z) Z) Magma from the mantle is exposed at the surface and cools to form new lithospheric crust

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Why are there no deep-sea trenches off the east coast of the United States? W) There are no trenches in the Atlantic Ocean; trenches exist only in the Pacific Ocean X) The Appalachian Mountains are volcanic mountains and trenches are not associated with volcanism Y) The eastern coast of the United States is in the middle of the North American Plate, not at a plate margin where trenches can occur Z) The deep ocean trenches have been filled with sediments from the many rivers that drain the U.S.

W: W) There are no trenches in the Atlantic Ocean; trenches exist only in the Pacific Ocean

X: X) The Appalachian Mountains are volcanic mountains and trenches are not associated with volcanism

Y: Y) The eastern coast of the United States is in the middle of the North American Plate, not at a plate margin where trenches can occur

Z: Z) The deep ocean trenches have been filled with sediments from the many rivers that drain the U.S.

Answer: Y) Y) The eastern coast of the United States is in the middle of the North American Plate, not at a plate margin where trenches can occur

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is a tool used to identify organisms that consists of a series of paired statements or questions that describes alternative possible characteristics of the organism and the presence or absence of certain visible structures or characteristics?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DICHOTOMOUS KEY

BONUS bio multiple_choice

You are using a dichotomous key to identify a leaf you have picked up. You observe that you have a leaf with several main veins of about equal size, all of which extend from a common point at the base of the blade. Your leaf could be from which of the following trees? W) Maple X) Beech Y) Birch Z) Elm

W: W) Maple

X: X) Beech

Y: Y) Birch

Z: Z) Elm

Answer: W) W) Maple

TOSS-UP math phrase

Mark has two pairs of gym shorts and three gym shirts. If he wears one of each, how many different outfits are possible?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 6

BONUS math phrase

How many different ways can four people stand in a line?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 24

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

If you drop a tennis ball from the first-story window of a building, as it falls it has increasingly less of which of the following forms of energy? W) Electrical X) Gravitational Y) Kinetic Z) Thermal

W: W) Electrical

X: X) Gravitational

Y: Y) Kinetic

Z: Z) Thermal

Answer: X) X) Gravitational

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a reason people are deciding to change incandescent bulbs to fluorescent bulbs? W) Fluorescent bulbs consume less power than incandescent bulbs X) Fluorescent bulbs last longer than incandescent bulbs Y) Fluorescent bulbs produce warmer light than incandescent bulbs Z) Fluorescent bulbs have a lower lifetime cost than incandescent bulbs

W: W) Fluorescent bulbs consume less power than incandescent bulbs

X: X) Fluorescent bulbs last longer than incandescent bulbs

Y: Y) Fluorescent bulbs produce warmer light than incandescent bulbs

Z: Z) Fluorescent bulbs have a lower lifetime cost than incandescent bulbs

Answer: Y) Y) Fluorescent bulbs produce warmer light than incandescent bulbs

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the term used for a liquid’s resistance to changing form?

Acceptable Answers:

  • VISCOSITY

BONUS phys phrase

What ion has 17 protons and 18 electrons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CHLORIDE
  • CL–

TOSS-UP math phrase

There is a men’s basketball team with 5 players. Their weights in pounds are: {165, 200, 220, 238, and 310}. What is the median weight of the players?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 220

BONUS math phrase

What is the shape of + = 1?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ELLIPSE

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Name the tiny air sacs involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. W) Alveoli X) Trachea Y) Marrow Z) Ventricles

W: W) Alveoli

X: X) Trachea

Y: Y) Marrow

Z: Z) Ventricles

Answer: W) W) Alveoli

BONUS bio multiple_choice

After a forest fire, what specific type of succession rebuilds the ecosystem? W) Pioneer X) Secondary Y) Ecological Z) Primary

W: W) Pioneer

X: X) Secondary

Y: Y) Ecological

Z: Z) Primary

Answer: X) X) Secondary

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What force, commonly associated with heat energy, resists the motion of moving objects?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FRICTION

BONUS energy phrase

What is friction called when dealing with solids moving through a fluid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DRAG

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following processes increases salinity in surface waters of the ocean? W) High levels of evaporation X) Melting sea ice Y) High levels of precipitation Z) Abundance of ocean life

W: W) High levels of evaporation

X: X) Melting sea ice

Y: Y) High levels of precipitation

Z: Z) Abundance of ocean life

Answer: W) W) High levels of evaporation

BONUS ess multiple_choice

In which of the following regions of the world will you likely find surface ocean water that is high in salinity and temperature but low in productivity? W) Middle of the Atlantic, north of the equatorial waters X) North Pacific Ocean, near the shoreline Y) Indian Ocean, between India and Africa (Arabian Sea) Z) Coral reefs, off the northeast coast of Australia

W: W) Middle of the Atlantic, north of the equatorial waters

X: X) North Pacific Ocean, near the shoreline

Y: Y) Indian Ocean, between India and Africa (Arabian Sea)

Z: Z) Coral reefs, off the northeast coast of Australia

Answer: W) W) Middle of the Atlantic, north of the equatorial waters

TOSS-UP math phrase

In degrees, what is the measure of one interior angle of a regular triangle with a side length of 3?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 60°

BONUS math phrase

A rhombus has side lengths of 15 centimeters, a diagonal of 24 centimeters, and another diagonal of 18 centimeters. What is its area in square centimeters?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 216

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following would be considered an autotroph? W) Oak tree X) Tiger Y) Mushroom Z) Human

W: W) Oak tree

X: X) Tiger

Y: Y) Mushroom

Z: Z) Human

Answer: W) W) Oak tree

BONUS bio multiple_choice

The oxygen released by plants and other autotrophs comes from which compound? W) Carbon dioxide X) Water Y) Hydrogen peroxide Z) Carbon monoxide

W: W) Carbon dioxide

X: X) Water

Y: Y) Hydrogen peroxide

Z: Z) Carbon monoxide

Answer: X) X) Water

TOSS-UP general phrase

One of the first steps in the scientific method is hypothesis formulation. What is the hypothesis?

Acceptable Answers:

  • A PREDICTION OF THE OUTCOME
  • EDUCATED GUESS

BONUS general multiselect

As part of the scientific method, scientists frequently repeat other scientists’ experiments. By name or number, which of the following factors would never be a reason to repeat another scientist’s experiment: 1) to collect more data to prove the hypothesis was true; 2) to validate the initial results; 3) to gain a deeper understanding of the problem; 4) to satisfy one’s curiosity.

Choices:

  • To collect more data to prove the hypothesis was true
  • To validate the initial results
  • To gain a deeper understanding of the problem
  • To satisfy one’s curiosity

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is true about a full lunar eclipse? W) They occur every month X) They tend to occur in the same months as solar eclipses Y) They only occur when the Moon is at perigee, closest to Earth Z) Everyone on the night side of Earth with a clear sky can see the lunar eclipse

W: W) They occur every month

X: X) They tend to occur in the same months as solar eclipses

Y: Y) They only occur when the Moon is at perigee, closest to Earth

Z: Z) Everyone on the night side of Earth with a clear sky can see the lunar eclipse

Answer: Z) Z) Everyone on the night side of Earth with a clear sky can see the lunar eclipse

BONUS ess phrase

What is primarily responsible for the blue clouds of Neptune?

Acceptable Answers:

  • METHANE

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following correctly describes a triangle with side lengths of 2 inches, 3 inches, and 4 inches? W) Equilateral X) Isosceles Y) Scalene Z) Right

W: W) Equilateral

X: X) Isosceles

Y: Y) Scalene

Z: Z) Right

Answer: Y) Y) Scalene

BONUS math multiple_choice

Suppose you have an equilateral triangle with a base of 2 inches. Which of the following is true? W) The other sides of the triangle are 1 inch X) The triangle could be similar to a right triangle Y) The triangle is a right triangle Z) The triangle is similar to all equilateral triangles

W: W) The other sides of the triangle are 1 inch

X: X) The triangle could be similar to a right triangle

Y: Y) The triangle is a right triangle

Z: Z) The triangle is similar to all equilateral triangles

Answer: Z) Z) The triangle is similar to all equilateral triangles

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following intermolecular forces is strongest? W) Hydrogen bonding X) London dispersion force Y) Dipole-dipole interaction Z) Hydrophobic interaction

W: W) Hydrogen bonding

X: X) London dispersion force

Y: Y) Dipole-dipole interaction

Z: Z) Hydrophobic interaction

Answer: W) W) Hydrogen bonding

BONUS phys phrase

Which property of water refers to its ability to stick to other substances?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ADHESION

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is true about constellations? W) They are made up of stars that not only appear close together but that are actually physically close together in space X) They are all visible throughout the year from all points on Earth’s surface Y) They may serve as reference points in the night sky Z) The locations of the stars in the constellations have changed significantly since the times of ancient Greeks

W: W) They are made up of stars that not only appear close together but that are actually physically close together in space

X: X) They are all visible throughout the year from all points on Earth’s surface

Y: Y) They may serve as reference points in the night sky

Z: Z) The locations of the stars in the constellations have changed significantly since the times of ancient Greeks

Answer: Y) Y) They may serve as reference points in the night sky

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Our Solar System orbits the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. One full revolution takes about 200–250 million years. The last time our solar system was where it is now, what was occurring here on Earth? W) Humans were trying to survive with dinosaurs X) Pangaea was just breaking up into the continents we know today Y) There were no living organisms on Earth yet Z) There were no animals living on land but the seas were full of life

W: W) Humans were trying to survive with dinosaurs

X: X) Pangaea was just breaking up into the continents we know today

Y: Y) There were no living organisms on Earth yet

Z: Z) There were no animals living on land but the seas were full of life

Answer: X) X) Pangaea was just breaking up into the continents we know today

TOSS-UP general phrase

The mole is the SI base unit used to measure:

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE AMOUNT OF A SUBSTANCE

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following is the SI unit prefix that represents the largest power of 10? W) Giga X) Mega Y) Peta Z) Tera

W: W) Giga

X: X) Mega

Y: Y) Peta

Z: Z) Tera

Answer: Y) Y) Peta

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following molecules is most commonly used for the transport of energy in cells? W) GTP X) GDP Y) ADP Z) ATP

W: W) GTP

X: X) GDP

Y: Y) ADP

Z: Z) ATP

Answer: Z) Z) ATP

BONUS bio phrase

What do the letters TP stand for in the acronym ATP?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TRIPHOSPHATE

TOSS-UP general phrase

If an atom of neutral nitrogen has 7 protons, how many electrons will it have?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following describes molecules in solid phase? W) Molecules are not in contact with each other and move freely, rapidly, and randomly X) Molecular forces are not strong and molecules can rotate and roll over each other Y) The molecules may move and assume the shape of the container Z) Molecular motion is highly restricted; they can only vibrate in place

W: W) Molecules are not in contact with each other and move freely, rapidly, and randomly

X: X) Molecular forces are not strong and molecules can rotate and roll over each other

Y: Y) The molecules may move and assume the shape of the container

Z: Z) Molecular motion is highly restricted; they can only vibrate in place

Answer: Z) Z) Molecular motion is highly restricted; they can only vibrate in place

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What happens to the wastewater in a septic tank? W) It is removed weekly by solid waste management companies along with curbside trash pickup X) It is piped into the town’s sewer system Y) It stays in the septic tank until it is full and it then pumped out about every 50 years Z) It is released into a pond or leach field where it can either evaporate or join groundwater

W: W) It is removed weekly by solid waste management companies along with curbside trash pickup

X: X) It is piped into the town’s sewer system

Y: Y) It stays in the septic tank until it is full and it then pumped out about every 50 years

Z: Z) It is released into a pond or leach field where it can either evaporate or join groundwater

Answer: Z) Z) It is released into a pond or leach field where it can either evaporate or join groundwater

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Imagine that you are an engineer designing a new neighborhood in a mountainous region. To reduce the likelihood of polluted groundwater, which of the following is the most important factor when considering the placement of drinking water wells, septic tanks, and landfills for the community? W) The landfill must be located very close to the neighborhood or else people will not use it X) The drinking water wells must have enough protective covering to prevent groundwater from entering the well before pollutants have been removed Y) The septic tanks must be located at the top of the hill to receive the most rainwater, which is vital for the chemical processes that occur inside Z) There must be a septic tank and landfill located at each home to provide enough waste management for the community

W: W) The landfill must be located very close to the neighborhood or else people will not use it

X: X) The drinking water wells must have enough protective covering to prevent groundwater from entering the well before pollutants have been removed

Y: Y) The septic tanks must be located at the top of the hill to receive the most rainwater, which is vital for the chemical processes that occur inside

Z: Z) There must be a septic tank and landfill located at each home to provide enough waste management for the community

Answer: X) X) The drinking water wells must have enough protective covering to prevent groundwater from entering the well before pollutants have been removed