HS Sample Set 16, Round 6 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following functional groups is created by the addition of an alkyne to Lindlar’s catalyst and hydrogen gas? W) Alkane X) Cis-alkene Y) Trans-alkene Z) Alkyl halide

W: W) Alkane

X: X) Cis-alkene

Y: Y) Trans-alkene

Z: Z) Alkyl halide

Answer: X) X) Cis-alkene

BONUS chem multiselect

Identify all of the following three types of orbitals that can form sigma bonds: 1) 1s; 2) 2s; 3) 2p.

Choices:

  • 1s
  • 2s
  • 2p

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Three hundred-millibar charts are used to visualize the dynamics of jet streams. Lines on these charts correspond to places that are equal in which of the following properties? W) Altitude X) Air pressure Y) Temperature Z) Humidity

W: W) Altitude

X: X) Air pressure

Y: Y) Temperature

Z: Z) Humidity

Answer: W) W) Altitude

BONUS ess order

Place the following three regions of an unconfined aquifer in order of increasing depth: 1) Zone of saturation; 2) Zone of aeration; 3) Capillary fringe.

Choices:

  • Zone of saturation
  • Zone of aeration
  • Capillary fringe

Correct Order:

  • 2
  • 3
  • 1

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are using small angle X-ray scattering to study the structural biology of the protein XPG. XPG repairs DNA damage caused by UV photons. To which of the following DNA motifs would XPG most likely be bound? W) CG repeats X) DNA double strand breaks Y) Adjacent pyrimidines Z) Transcription start sites

W: W) CG repeats

X: X) DNA double strand breaks

Y: Y) Adjacent pyrimidines

Z: Z) Transcription start sites

Answer: Y) Y) Adjacent pyrimidines

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Scientists at Argonne National Lab are studying supernova nucleosynthesis. Which of the following elements on Earth primarily originates from supernova nucleosynthesis? W) Arsenic X) Promethium Y) Hydrogen Z) Beryllium

W: W) Arsenic

X: X) Promethium

Y: Y) Hydrogen

Z: Z) Beryllium

Answer: W) W) Arsenic

TOSS-UP math phrase

If k is a positive integer such that the least common multiple of 80 and k is 5k, what is the greatest common divisor of 80 and k?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 16

BONUS math phrase

A line is represented parametrically by the equations x = 3t + 5 and y = –2t – 7. What are the slope and the y-intercept of this line?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Slope = –2/3, y-intercept = –11/3
  • –3 2/3 for y-intercept

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Gabby has a device capable of pushing objects with an unknown amount of constant force. To determine the magnitude of this force, she makes several measurements by using the device to apply force to objects of varying mass and measuring the resultant acceleration. Which parameters should she choose for her x- and y-axes, respectively, such that the slope of the line of best fit is the force her device applies? W) Mass and acceleration X) One over mass and acceleration Y) Mass and one over acceleration Z) One over mass and one over acceleration

W: W) Mass and acceleration

X: X) One over mass and acceleration

Y: Y) Mass and one over acceleration

Z: Z) One over mass and one over acceleration

Answer: X) X) One over mass and acceleration

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of a skydiver as they approach terminal velocity: 1) Their speed is increasing; 2) Their acceleration magnitude is increasing; 3) The magnitude of the gravitational force on them is decreasing.

Choices:

  • Their speed is increasing
  • Their acceleration magnitude is increasing
  • The magnitude of the gravitational force on them is decreasing

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Juxtamedullary and cortical nephrons differ most in the length of what segment of the nephron?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Loop of Henle

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of bacterial chromosomes: 1) They are typically circular; 2) Bacteria only possess one chromosome per cell; 3) They possess telomeres.

Choices:

  • They are typically circular
  • Bacteria only possess one chromosome per cell
  • They possess telomeres

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What is the IUPAC name of the product formed when acetic acid is reacted with lithium aluminum hydride in anhydrous conditions?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Ethanol

BONUS chem phrase

Butanone can be synthesized via the reaction of what molecule with potassium dichromate in the presence of acid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2-Butanol
  • Butan-2-ol
  • 2-butyl alcohol
  • sec-butanol
  • sec-butyl alcohol

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • C₄H₁₀O

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

The universe became transparent to light closest to which of the following temperatures in kelvins? W) 300,000 X) 30,000 Y) 3,000 Z) 300

W: W) 300,000

X: X) 30,000

Y: Y) 3,000

Z: Z) 300

Answer: Y) Y) 3,000

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of Callisto: 1) It is the largest moon of Saturn; 2) It has plate tectonics; 3) It has volcanism.

Choices:

  • It is the largest moon of Saturn
  • It has plate tectonics
  • It has volcanism

Correct Answers:

  • 0

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What type of seismic body waves cannot cross the core-mantle boundary?

Acceptable Answers:

  • S-waves
  • Secondary waves

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • P-waves
  • Shear waves

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists supported by the Department of Energy are studying a phage ferredoxin. What prosthetic group does this protein use for electron transfer?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Iron-sulfur cluster

TOSS-UP math phrase

Find the value of a for which the following vectors are orthogonal: 36i + 20j and a i + 27j.

Acceptable Answers:

  • –15

BONUS math phrase

What is the units digit of 7 to the 33rd power times 8 to the 55th power?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following describes how the electric potential due to a point charge scales with distance away from the charge? W) Linearly X) Quadratically Y) With the inverse Z) With the inverse squared

W: W) Linearly

X: X) Quadratically

Y: Y) With the inverse

Z: Z) With the inverse squared

Answer: Y) Y) With the inverse

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three properties of an electromagnetic wave that can change when the wave passes from one medium to another: 1) Period; 2) Wavelength; 3) Speed.

Choices:

  • Period
  • Wavelength
  • Speed

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Genes can be inserted into plasmids by treating both the gene and the plasmid with a restriction enzyme. The DNA fragments are then mixed and treated with what enzyme to complete the insertion?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DNA ligase

BONUS bio phrase

You are drawing the Punnett square to tally the F₂ generation of a trihybrid cross. How many entries are present within this square?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 64

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

M over Z is a measured quantity in which of the following analytical techniques? W) Mass spectrometry X) Infrared spectroscopy Y) NMR spectroscopy Z) UV–vis spectroscopy

W: W) Mass spectrometry

X: X) Infrared spectroscopy

Y: Y) NMR spectroscopy

Z: Z) UV–vis spectroscopy

Answer: W) W) Mass spectrometry

BONUS chem phrase

In a typical thin-layer chromatography experiment, what is the stationary phase?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Silica
  • Silica gel
  • Alumina

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The prevailing wind is blowing towards the south along the west coast of the United States. In which cardinal direction will the net water movement be?

Acceptable Answers:

  • West

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three quantities for which mafic rocks exceed felsic rocks: 1) Silica content; 2) Specific gravity; 3) Melting temperature.

Choices:

  • Silica content
  • Specific gravity
  • Melting temperature

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Pacific Northwest National Lab researchers are studying different processes that can lead to cognitive decline, such as the sclerosis of the region of the brain most associated with learning and memory. What is the term for this C-shaped structure?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Hippocampus

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists at Brookhaven National Lab are studying a quantum-mechanical phase of matter that is a gas composed of only bosons. What is the term for this type of gas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Bose gas

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Bose–Einstein condensate

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the product of –√7 – 2i and its complex conjugate?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 11

BONUS math phrase

What is the integral from x = 2 to x = ∛13 of x² √(x³ – 4) dx?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 38/9
  • 4 2/9

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

If two simple pendulums have the same oscillation frequency but pendulum A has twice the mass of pendulum B, what is the length of pendulum B? W) Half that of pendulum A X) The same as pendulum A Y) Twice that of pendulum A Z) Four times that of pendulum A

W: W) Half that of pendulum A

X: X) The same as pendulum A

Y: Y) Twice that of pendulum A

Z: Z) Four times that of pendulum A

Answer: X) X) The same as pendulum A

BONUS phys phrase

A boat is sliding down a ramp. The ramp is angled at 30 degrees to the horizontal, and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the boat and the ramp is 0.25. To the nearest meter per second squared, what is the acceleration of the boat down the ramp?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the term for the process by which plants grow toward light?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Phototropism
  • Positive phototropism

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following three proteins that can be found in the extracellular matrix: 1) Elastin; 2) Albumin; 3) Fibronectin.

Choices:

  • Elastin
  • Albumin
  • Fibronectin

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3