MS Sample Set 13, Round 7 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What adjective is used to indicate a star system that consists of two stars orbiting each other?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BINARY

BONUS ess order

Rank the following three solar system objects in terms of increasing number of known satellites: 1) Mars; 2) Jupiter; 3) Neptune.

Choices:

  • Mars
  • Jupiter
  • Neptune

Correct Order:

  • 1
  • 3
  • 2

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the general term for animals that lack a backbone?

Acceptable Answers:

  • INVERTEBRATES

BONUS bio phrase

What is the term for cells that contain membrane-bound nuclei?

Acceptable Answers:

  • EUKARYOTES

TOSS-UP math phrase

Giving your answer as a decimal, decreasing a number by 37% is equivalent to multiplying it by what?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.63
  • .63

BONUS math phrase

The center of a circle is located at (5, –5). If the point (11, 9) lies on the circle, what is the circle’s diameter?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $4\sqrt{58}$

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Lab are researching the production of biofuel from marine kelp biomass. What specific biofuel, which today is made from corn and sugar cane, are they seeking to produce?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ETHANOL
  • BIOETHANOL

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Lab participated in a collaboration to identify the capsid of what type of infectious agent?

Acceptable Answers:

  • VIRUS

TOSS-UP phys phrase

When hydrocarbons are burned with insufficient oxygen, what toxic byproduct is formed?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON MONOXIDE

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three molecules that are diatomic: 1) Chlorine; 2) Water; 3) Hydrochloric acid.

Choices:

  • Chlorine
  • Water
  • Hydrochloric acid

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What are the two most abundant gases by volume in Earth’s atmosphere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NITROGEN AND OXYGEN

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three geologic terms that describe rhyolite: 1) Extrusive; 2) Mafic; 3) Ultramafic.

Choices:

  • Extrusive
  • Mafic
  • Ultramafic

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the slope of the line through (4, –6) and (–7, 3)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $-\tfrac{9}{11}$

BONUS math phrase

What is the volume of a rectangular pyramid with base dimensions 14 and 9 and height 15?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 630

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Models are frequently employed in science. Which of the following is not true of scientific models? W) They cannot be changed once formalized X) They are patterned after items or events in the natural world Y) They facilitate communication Z) They offer a means of testing predictions

W: W) They cannot be changed once formalized

X: X) They are patterned after items or events in the natural world

Y: Y) They facilitate communication

Z: Z) They offer a means of testing predictions

Answer: W) W) They cannot be changed once formalized

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following types of light has the longest wavelength? W) Infrared X) X-rays Y) Orange light Z) Blue light

W: W) Infrared

X: X) X-rays

Y: Y) Orange light

Z: Z) Blue light

Answer: W) W) Infrared

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Researchers at Brookhaven National Lab are using the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider to study the state of the universe milliseconds after what event?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BIG BANG

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Scientists at Los Alamos National Lab are studying upwelling in the Southern Ocean using a combination of seawater measurements and modeling. Upwelling is best described as which of the following rising to the surface? W) Cold nutrient-poor waters X) Cold nutrient-rich waters Y) Hot nutrient-poor waters Z) Hot nutrient-rich waters

W: W) Cold nutrient-poor waters

X: X) Cold nutrient-rich waters

Y: Y) Hot nutrient-poor waters

Z: Z) Hot nutrient-rich waters

Answer: X) X) Cold nutrient-rich waters

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What constellation contains the north celestial pole?

Acceptable Answers:

  • URSA MINOR

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • LITTLE DIPPER, LITTLE BEAR

BONUS ess phrase

What is the term for the point on an orbit about the Sun that is furthest from the Sun?

Acceptable Answers:

  • APHELION

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

You catch a common cold from one of your Science Bowl teammates. Which of the following would be LEAST effective for treating your symptoms? W) Bed rest X) Antibiotics Y) Acetaminophen Z) Hydration

W: W) Bed rest

X: X) Antibiotics

Y: Y) Acetaminophen

Z: Z) Hydration

Answer: X) X) Antibiotics

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is likely to occur when applying water or heat from an iron to reversibly straighten hair? W) Disruption of keratin hydrogen bonds X) Denaturation of collagen proteins Y) Altered peptide bond synthesis Z) Positional isomerization of keratin chains

W: W) Disruption of keratin hydrogen bonds

X: X) Denaturation of collagen proteins

Y: Y) Altered peptide bond synthesis

Z: Z) Positional isomerization of keratin chains

Answer: W) W) Disruption of keratin hydrogen bonds

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is $75^2$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5625

BONUS math phrase

Jen takes 9 hours to clean a room. Ken can clean the same room in 13 hours. Expressing your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth of an hour, how long would it take them if they worked together?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5.3

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Thermal imaging is being used by scientists at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to track bats and birds near windfarms. Thermal imaging captures light from what part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Acceptable Answers:

  • INFRARED

BONUS energy phrase

Researchers at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility have recently upgraded the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility, or CEBAF. Scientists are using CEBAF in hopes of producing new particles called hybrid mesons and studying the force that holds them together. What is the term for this force?

Acceptable Answers:

  • STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE
  • STRONG FORCE, STRONG

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is an example of a carbohydrate? W) Glucose X) Stearate Y) Cholesterol Z) Glycine

W: W) Glucose

X: X) Stearate

Y: Y) Cholesterol

Z: Z) Glycine

Answer: W) W) Glucose

BONUS bio phrase

The Cambrian explosion was an example of what process, in which rapid speciation results in the occupation of several previously-empty niches?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ADAPTIVE RADIATION

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the term for the aspect of a redox reaction that results in a net loss of electrons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OXIDATION

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following species could most easily lose an electron? W) Ar X) Mg²⁺ Y) O²⁻ Z) K

W: W) Ar

X: X) Mg²⁺

Y: Y) O²⁻

Z: Z) K

Answer: Z) Z) K

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the product of the two binomials $x + 5$ and $x - 3$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$x^2 + 2x - 15$$

BONUS math phrase

To the nearest integer, what is 113 decreased by 27%?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 82

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Within the land plants, which of the following groups has the greatest number of species? W) Flowering plants X) Pine trees Y) Ferns Z) Mosses

W: W) Flowering plants

X: X) Pine trees

Y: Y) Ferns

Z: Z) Mosses

Answer: W) W) Flowering plants

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following three factors that are examples of density-dependent limiting factors: 1) Disease; 2) Predation; 3) Natural disasters.

Choices:

  • Disease
  • Predation
  • Natural disasters

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Accretion of astronomical objects is driven by what fundamental force?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GRAVITY
  • GRAVITATIONAL

BONUS ess phrase

What is the term used for an impermeable layer that inhibits the flow of groundwater?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AQUICLUDE
  • AQUIFUGE

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the degree measure of an angle that is complementary to a 32-degree angle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 58

BONUS math phrase

A sequence has first term 2, and each term after the first is one more than 3 times the previous term. What is the seventh term?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1822

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

If you break a bar magnet with a north pole and a south pole in half between the poles, which of the following will result? W) One north magnet and one south magnet X) Two demagnetized objects Y) Randomly magnetized objects Z) Two smaller magnets, each with a north and south pole

W: W) One north magnet and one south magnet

X: X) Two demagnetized objects

Y: Y) Randomly magnetized objects

Z: Z) Two smaller magnets, each with a north and south pole

Answer: Z) Z) Two smaller magnets, each with a north and south pole

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of BOTH gravitational forces and electromagnetic forces: 1) They decrease with distance squared; 2) They can be shielded by oppositely-charged bodies; 3) They are always attractive forces.

Choices:

  • They decrease with distance squared
  • They can be shielded by oppositely-charged bodies
  • They are always attractive forces

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What astronomer was the first to observe that the line between a planet and the Sun sweeps out a constant area in a given amount of time?

Acceptable Answers:

  • KEPLER

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three characteristics that are unique to Earth among the terrestrial planets: 1) Presence of a natural satellite; 2) Abundant atmospheric oxygen; 3) Presence of seasons.

Choices:

  • Presence of a natural satellite
  • Abundant atmospheric oxygen
  • Presence of seasons

Correct Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Organisms in the phylum Sarcodina use cytoplasmic projections to move around and consume food. What is the term for these projections?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PSEUDOPODA

BONUS bio phrase

In a group of pea plants, the tall trait is dominant over the short trait in a Mendelian manner. If two heterozygous plants breed and produce 24 offspring, what is the expected value of the number of tall plants within the offspring?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 18

TOSS-UP phys phrase

You would like to convert your weight in pounds into an SI unit that measures the same quantity. What SI derived unit is most appropriate?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NEWTON

BONUS phys phrase

A forklift lifted a 450-newton mass 8 meters up into the air over the course of 6 seconds. How much power, in watts, did it deliver over this time period?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 600