HS Sample Set 4, Round 10 from NSB
In an electrolytic cell, what is the sign of the charge associated with the anode?
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Which of the following has NOT been shown to be a practical use of electrolytic cells? W) Recovering pure metal from alloys X) Electrolysis Y) Plating of one metal with another Z) Manufacturing of sodium hydroxide
W: W) Recovering pure metal from alloys
X: X) Electrolysis
Y: Y) Plating of one metal with another
Z: Z) Manufacturing of sodium hydroxide
Answer: X) X) Electrolysis
What is the empirical formula for C₆H₁₂O₆? W) C₃H₄O₃ X) CHO Y) CH₂O Z) C₆H₁₂O₆
W: W) C₃H₄O₃
X: X) CHO
Y: Y) CH₂O
Z: Z) C₆H₁₂O₆
Answer: Y) Y) CH₂O
What is the formula for iron II phosphate? W) Fe₃P₂ X) FePO₄ Y) Fe₃(PO₄)₂ Z) Fe₃(PO₃)₂
W: W) Fe₃P₂
X: X) FePO₄
Y: Y) Fe₃(PO₄)₂
Z: Z) Fe₃(PO₃)₂
Answer: Y) Y) Fe₃(PO₄)₂
Find the derivative of 2x eˣ. W) 2e 2x x + X) 2xex + ex Y) 2xex + 2ex Z) 2xex
W: W) 2e 2x x +
X: X) 2xex + ex
Y: Y) 2xex + 2ex
Z: Z) 2xex
Answer: Y) Y) 2xex + 2ex
What matrix is the multiplicative inverse of the 2×2 matrix \[ [3\;1];[5\;2] \]?
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How can 2 batteries and three capacitors be arranged to store the maximum amount of energy? W) Connect the capacitors in parallel and the batteries in series X) Connect the capacitors in series and the batteries in parallel Y) Connect the capacitors and batteries in parallel Z) Connect the capacitors and batteries in series
W: W) Connect the capacitors in parallel and the batteries in series
X: X) Connect the capacitors in series and the batteries in parallel
Y: Y) Connect the capacitors and batteries in parallel
Z: Z) Connect the capacitors and batteries in series
Answer: W) W) Connect the capacitors in parallel and the batteries in series
What would be the total capacitance in microfarads and total voltage of 3 four-microfarad capacitors in parallel and two 1.5 V batteries in series?
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Which of the following best explains why eliminating one trophic level in an ecosystem often results in a decrease in organisms two trophic levels down? W) Abundance of prey in the eliminated trophic level X) Increased predation by organisms one trophic level down Y) Increased predation by organisms two trophic levels down Z) Increased predator diversity
W: W) Abundance of prey in the eliminated trophic level
X: X) Increased predation by organisms one trophic level down
Y: Y) Increased predation by organisms two trophic levels down
Z: Z) Increased predator diversity
Answer: X) X) Increased predation by organisms one trophic level down
What property of diatoms make them useful as climate proxies? W) The chemical makeup of their shells reflects the water chemistry at their time of formation X) The narrow temperature range in which they exist makes them markers for paleo-ocean temperatures Y) Their well-preserved digestive system provide ample evidence for ancient food webs Z) Their limited diversity and low adaptability make them key indicators of specific aquatic environments
W: W) The chemical makeup of their shells reflects the water chemistry at their time of formation
X: X) The narrow temperature range in which they exist makes them markers for paleo-ocean temperatures
Y: Y) Their well-preserved digestive system provide ample evidence for ancient food webs
Z: Z) Their limited diversity and low adaptability make them key indicators of specific aquatic environments
Answer: W) W) The chemical makeup of their shells reflects the water chemistry at their time of formation
What is the largest triangular number less than 25?
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A man who is 6 ft tall spots a bird at the top of a 14-ft telephone pole. If the angle of elevation from his eyes to the top is 30°, to the nearest foot, how far away is he standing from the base?
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The human brain contains as many as 100 billion neurons… Which of the following is NOT true? W) Each neuron can connect to at least 1,000 other neurons X) Neurons have a short life span Y) Brain signals involve less than one-tenth the voltage of an ordinary flashlight battery Z) Some messages pass through the nervous system more quickly than others
W: W) Each neuron can connect to at least 1,000 other neurons
X: X) Neurons have a short life span
Y: Y) Brain signals involve less than one-tenth the voltage of an ordinary flashlight battery
Z: Z) Some messages pass through the nervous system more quickly than others
Answer: X) X) Neurons have a short life span
Brain-computer interfaces… All of the following are current applications, except: W) Controlling a computer cursor via mental commands X) Interpreting brain signals for movement for someone who can’t physically move Y) Providing a communication link for people with “locked-in” syndrome Z) Repairing damaged neurons
W: W) Controlling a computer cursor via mental commands
X: X) Interpreting brain signals for movement for someone who can’t physically move
Y: Y) Providing a communication link for people with “locked-in” syndrome
Z: Z) Repairing damaged neurons
Answer: Z) Z) Repairing damaged neurons
During a head-on collision between a car and a truck moving at the same speed, afterward they separate along the same line. Which is correct? W) The truck will experience a greater speed than the car X) The car will experience a greater speed than the truck Y) The speeds of the truck and the car will be the same Z) Sometimes one, sometimes the other experiences greater speed
W: W) The truck will experience a greater speed than the car
X: X) The car will experience a greater speed than the truck
Y: Y) The speeds of the truck and the car will be the same
Z: Z) Sometimes one, sometimes the other experiences greater speed
Answer: X) X) The car will experience a greater speed than the truck
Mercury or other liquid barometers work by balancing the force exerted by the atmosphere with what?
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Which is true about hydrogen fuel cells? W) Fuel cells are similar to batteries and store hydrogen as an energy source X) Fuel cells extract hydrogen from other compounds in nature Y) Fuel cells dissolve water into hydrogen, creating oxygen and energy Z) Fuel cells convert chemical energy in hydrogen into electrical energy by combining H₂ with O₂ to produce water and energy
W: W) Fuel cells are similar to batteries and store hydrogen as an energy source
X: X) Fuel cells extract hydrogen from other compounds in nature
Y: Y) Fuel cells dissolve water into hydrogen, creating oxygen and energy
Z: Z) Fuel cells convert chemical energy in hydrogen into electrical energy by combining H₂ with O₂ to produce water and energy
Answer: Z) Z) Fuel cells convert chemical energy in hydrogen into electrical energy by combining H₂ with O₂ to produce water and energy
If you were to use hydrogen fuel cells in spacecraft, which type would you most likely prefer? W) Phosphoric acid X) Molten carbonate Y) Solid oxide Z) Alkaline
W: W) Phosphoric acid
X: X) Molten carbonate
Y: Y) Solid oxide
Z: Z) Alkaline
Answer: Z) Z) Alkaline
Three of these rocks belong together. Which does NOT belong: 1) gneiss; 2) granite; 3) basalt; 4) limestone?
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What kind of minerals do copper ores tend to be? W) Native element X) Carbonate and sulfide Y) Oxide and phosphate Z) Hydrocarbon and halide
W: W) Native element
X: X) Carbonate and sulfide
Y: Y) Oxide and phosphate
Z: Z) Hydrocarbon and halide
Answer: X) X) Carbonate and sulfide
What kind of behavior causes bees to visit flowers to collect nectar and pollen? W) Learned X) Conditioned Y) Sensitization Z) Instinctual
W: W) Learned
X: X) Conditioned
Y: Y) Sensitization
Z: Z) Instinctual
Answer: Z) Z) Instinctual
Honey doesn't spoil easily because it is a: W) Isotonic solution X) Hypertonic solution Y) Hypotonic solution Z) Inorganic solution
W: W) Isotonic solution
X: X) Hypertonic solution
Y: Y) Hypotonic solution
Z: Z) Inorganic solution
Answer: X) X) Hypertonic solution
What are the solutions for x in the equation $$x - 2x = 8^2\,$$? W) 0 X) 0 and 2 Y) 4 and −2 Z) −4 and 2
W: W) 0
X: X) 0 and 2
Y: Y) 4 and −2
Z: Z) −4 and 2
Answer: Y) Y) 4 and −2
Solve for x in simplest form: $$3x^2 + 2x = 2.$$
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Other than precipitation, what is the most important factor defining a biome?
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Put the following parts of an ecosystem in order from smallest to largest: 1) biome; 2) community; 3) population; 4) ecosystem; 5) organism; 6) species.
Choices:
Correct Order:
Factor completely over the integers: $$a^3 - 8.$$
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Factor completely over the integers: $$a^5 + 32.$$
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Onions, shallots and leeks contain substances that cause our eyes to water. What element is common to those substances?
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Which of the following 1.0 M solutions will have the largest boiling-point elevation? W) Sodium bromide X) Magnesium iodide Y) Sucrose Z) Potassium phosphate
W: W) Sodium bromide
X: X) Magnesium iodide
Y: Y) Sucrose
Z: Z) Potassium phosphate
Answer: Z) Z) Potassium phosphate
Mirages, such as the silvery glimmer on a hot highway, are caused by heating of the air near the ground. What property of the heated air is changed?
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A steadily increasing force is applied to a box that remains at rest then begins to accelerate. What happens to the frictional force? W) Remains constant X) Increases throughout Y) Increases then drops to a lower, nonzero value Z) Increases then drops to zero
W: W) Remains constant
X: X) Increases throughout
Y: Y) Increases then drops to a lower, nonzero value
Z: Z) Increases then drops to zero
Answer: Y) Y) Increases then drops to a lower, nonzero value
As an airmass ascends, its water-vapor capacity changes, causing which of the following? W) Cloud formation and possible precipitation X) Evaporation and drying Y) Snow Z) Hurricane conditions
W: W) Cloud formation and possible precipitation
X: X) Evaporation and drying
Y: Y) Snow
Z: Z) Hurricane conditions
Answer: W) W) Cloud formation and possible precipitation
What are the names of the three primary atmospheric circulation cells between equator and poles?
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Which process will almost certainly result in genetic variation of offspring? W) Population dispersion X) Enzyme production Y) Cell differentiation Z) Zygote fertilization
W: W) Population dispersion
X: X) Enzyme production
Y: Y) Cell differentiation
Z: Z) Zygote fertilization
Answer: Z) Z) Zygote fertilization
If a parent experiences a mutation, all subsequent offspring will: W) Always carry the mutated gene, but only as recessive X) Always carry it, but never express it phenotypically Y) Only carry it if it is heritable Z) Never carry it, as mutations cannot be heritable
W: W) Always carry the mutated gene, but only as recessive
X: X) Always carry it, but never express it phenotypically
Y: Y) Only carry it if it is heritable
Z: Z) Never carry it, as mutations cannot be heritable
Answer: Y) Y) Only carry it if it is heritable
What is the shape of the carbon bonding structure in diamond?
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What is the characteristic shape of tourmaline crystals?
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Cutaneous sensation to the lateral dorsum of the hand is primarily provided by which nerve?
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Which is NOT true regarding vertebrate muscle contractions? W) Tropomyosin binds Ca²⁺ and exposes myosin-binding sites on actin X) The H zone and I band become shorter Y) T-tubules spread action potentials into the fiber Z) Contraction terminates when Ca²⁺ is taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
W: W) Tropomyosin binds Ca²⁺ and exposes myosin-binding sites on actin
X: X) The H zone and I band become shorter
Y: Y) T-tubules spread action potentials into the fiber
Z: Z) Contraction terminates when Ca²⁺ is taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Answer: W) W) Tropomyosin binds Ca²⁺ and exposes myosin-binding sites on actin
What is the total resistance, in ohms, of two 10 Ω resistors in parallel?
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If a 110 V circuit breaker is 30 A, how many 100 W bulbs could you add given a 250 W TV, 1500 W hair dryer, and 150 W computer? W) 10 X) 14 Y) 18 Z) 20
W: W) 10
X: X) 14
Y: Y) 18
Z: Z) 20
Answer: X) X) 14
Which planet has the longest year? W) Neptune X) Mars Y) Earth Z) Mercury
W: W) Neptune
X: X) Mars
Y: Y) Earth
Z: Z) Mercury
Answer: W) W) Neptune
What is it called when Mercury passes in front of the Sun?
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A cylinder and a cone share the same radius and height. What is the ratio of the cylinder’s volume to the cone’s? W) 1 : 1 X) 1.5 : 1 Y) 2 : 1 Z) 3 : 1
W: W) 1 : 1
X: X) 1.5 : 1
Y: Y) 2 : 1
Z: Z) 3 : 1
Answer: Z) Z) 3 : 1
A triangle has sides 4 cm, 6 cm, and the angle opposite the 4 cm side is 12°. How many non-congruent triangles fit this description? W) 0 X) 1 Y) 2 Z) An infinite number
W: W) 0
X: X) 1
Y: Y) 2
Z: Z) An infinite number
Answer: Y) Y) 2
Darwin’s finches differ in beak shape and size. Which factor is the major influence? W) Access to different food sources X) Sexual competition Y) Protection against predators Z) Genetic drift
W: W) Access to different food sources
X: X) Sexual competition
Y: Y) Protection against predators
Z: Z) Genetic drift
Answer: W) W) Access to different food sources
Darwin’s finches evolved in overlapping ranges on the same islands. What type of speciation is this?
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The enthalpy in the reaction $$3Q + 2R + 300\text{ kJ} \rightarrow 6Y + Z$$ is +150 kJ per mole of: W) Q X) R Y) Y Z) Z
W: W) Q
X: X) R
Y: Y) Y
Z: Z) Z
Answer: X) X) R
Which change will increase the rate of $$2\mathrm{Mg}(s) + \mathrm{O}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\mathrm{MgO}(s) + \text{heat}\;?$$ W) Increasing the concentration of oxygen X) Removing the magnesium oxide as soon as it is formed Y) Reducing the temperature Z) Decreasing the concentration of oxygen
W: W) Increasing the concentration of oxygen
X: X) Removing the magnesium oxide as soon as it is formed
Y: Y) Reducing the temperature
Z: Z) Decreasing the concentration of oxygen
Answer: W) W) Increasing the concentration of oxygen