HS Sample Set 4, Round 4 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the mode of the following list of nine numbers: 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7

BONUS math phrase

Fred has an average of 90% on 5 calculus tests. What percent score does he need on the next test to have an average of 91%?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 96

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Name the notable scientist who first devised the mathematical laws governing the motion of planetary orbits. W) Galileo X) Copernicus Y) Kepler Z) Newton

W: W) Galileo

X: X) Copernicus

Y: Y) Kepler

Z: Z) Newton

Answer: Y) Y) Kepler

BONUS ess phrase

Name the first human ever to travel in space.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Yuri Gagarin

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

In projectile motion, assuming no air resistance, all of the following are constant except: W) Horizontal speed X) Horizontal acceleration Y) Vertical acceleration Z) Vertical speed

W: W) Horizontal speed

X: X) Horizontal acceleration

Y: Y) Vertical acceleration

Z: Z) Vertical speed

Answer: Z) Z) Vertical speed

BONUS phys multiple_choice

A diver jumps out of a plane into free fall without air resistance. Which of the following quantities is the greatest? W) Instantaneous velocity after 1 second X) Instantaneous velocity after 2 seconds Y) Average velocity after 1 second Z) Average velocity after 2 seconds

W: W) Instantaneous velocity after 1 second

X: X) Instantaneous velocity after 2 seconds

Y: Y) Average velocity after 1 second

Z: Z) Average velocity after 2 seconds

Answer: X) X) Instantaneous velocity after 2 seconds

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

In natural systems, when a population uses the available resources at the rate equal to the resources’ renewal rate, the population is said to have reached: W) Extinction X) Constant growth Y) Holding capacity Z) Carrying capacity

W: W) Extinction

X: X) Constant growth

Y: Y) Holding capacity

Z: Z) Carrying capacity

Answer: Z) Z) Carrying capacity

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Why are secondary and tertiary consumers typically more susceptible to pollutants, such as DDT, than organisms lower in the food web? W) They are larger X) Susceptibility is positively correlated with biomagnification Y) Consumers come in more direct contact with pollutants Z) Pollutant toxicity increases with each cycle of necrosis

W: W) They are larger

X: X) Susceptibility is positively correlated with biomagnification

Y: Y) Consumers come in more direct contact with pollutants

Z: Z) Pollutant toxicity increases with each cycle of necrosis

Answer: X) X) Susceptibility is positively correlated with biomagnification

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

The standard heat of formation of hydrogen gas in the form H₂ is: W) Always greater than 1 X) Twice that of atomic hydrogen Y) Equal to 0 Z) Determined by checking a table of the Standard Heats of Formation

W: W) Always greater than 1

X: X) Twice that of atomic hydrogen

Y: Y) Equal to 0

Z: Z) Determined by checking a table of the Standard Heats of Formation

Answer: Y) Y) Equal to 0

BONUS chem multiple_choice

If the ∆H for a reaction is negative, which of the following statements is true? W) The enthalpy of the products is less than the enthalpy of the reactants X) Heat is released by the surroundings during the course of this reaction Y) The enthalpy term will be added to the reactant side of the chemical equation Z) Heat is absorbed by the system during the course of this reaction

W: W) The enthalpy of the products is less than the enthalpy of the reactants

X: X) Heat is released by the surroundings during the course of this reaction

Y: Y) The enthalpy term will be added to the reactant side of the chemical equation

Z: Z) Heat is absorbed by the system during the course of this reaction

Answer: W) W) The enthalpy of the products is less than the enthalpy of the reactants

TOSS-UP phys phrase

In 1905, Albert Einstein published his paper about the photoelectric effect, for which he later won a Nobel Prize. His studies showed that light exhibits a duality, behaving in which two ways?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Particle and wave

BONUS phys phrase

What component of the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest frequency?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Gamma ray

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Cosmic ray

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

In what unit is the atomic radius often measured? W) Picometers X) Millimeters Y) Nanometers Z) Centimeters

W: W) Picometers

X: X) Millimeters

Y: Y) Nanometers

Z: Z) Centimeters

Answer: W) W) Picometers

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following neutral elements has the largest atomic radius? W) Silicon X) Phosphorus Y) Sulfur Z) Chlorine

W: W) Silicon

X: X) Phosphorus

Y: Y) Sulfur

Z: Z) Chlorine

Answer: W) W) Silicon

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify the following completely: $$(3xy^2)(4x^2y^3)$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$12x^3y^5$$

BONUS math phrase

Solve for \(x\): $$3x^2 + 6x - 9 = 0$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(x = -3\) and \(x = 1\)

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What U.S. endeavor designed and constructed the first atomic bomb?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Manhattan Project

BONUS energy multiselect

Name two of the following safety components in nuclear power plants.

Choices:

  • Control rods
  • Cooling water
  • Concrete liner
  • Steel containment vessel
  • Outer concrete building
  • Human supervision

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a mineral? W) Diamond X) Coal Y) Quartz Z) Zinc

W: W) Diamond

X: X) Coal

Y: Y) Quartz

Z: Z) Zinc

Answer: X) X) Coal

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following minerals does not have cubic cleavage? W) Fluorite X) Halite Y) Calcite Z) Galena

W: W) Fluorite

X: X) Halite

Y: Y) Calcite

Z: Z) Galena

Answer: Y) Y) Calcite

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What theory predicts that for every known particle, there exists a superpartner particle of the same mass?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Supersymmetry

BONUS phys multiselect

Supersymmetry seeks to unify which three fundamental interactions?

Choices:

  • Strong
  • Weak
  • Electromagnetic

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Name all of the following reasons that influence why gasoline prices are higher in some U.S. regions than in others: 1) distance from supply; 2) retail competition; 3) environmental programs; and/or 4) supply disruptions?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Distance from supply; Retail competition; Environmental programs; Supply disruptions

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about gasoline? W) The octane rating of gasoline tells you how much the fuel can be compressed before it spontaneously ignites X) Gasoline is a hydrocarbon Y) When gasoline is burned under ideal conditions, its products are carbon dioxide, water, and heat Z) The overall efficiency of an automotive gasoline engine is about 80%

W: W) The octane rating of gasoline tells you how much the fuel can be compressed before it spontaneously ignites

X: X) Gasoline is a hydrocarbon

Y: Y) When gasoline is burned under ideal conditions, its products are carbon dioxide, water, and heat

Z: Z) The overall efficiency of an automotive gasoline engine is about 80%

Answer: Z) Z) The overall efficiency of an automotive gasoline engine is about 80%

TOSS-UP math phrase

You paid \$300 for a new Seagull guitar. Your guitar cost \$50 more than twice the cost of your friend’s guitar. How much was her guitar?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \$125

BONUS math phrase

In order to include caloric information, a pancake restaurant printed new menus for \$1.51 each. With a budget of \$2500.00, how many menus could the pancake restaurant print?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1655

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following would least likely be used for biomass energy production? W) Soybeans and sunflowers X) Urban wood waste and biodegradable garbage Y) Corn and sorghum Z) Car parts from a salvage yard

W: W) Soybeans and sunflowers

X: X) Urban wood waste and biodegradable garbage

Y: Y) Corn and sorghum

Z: Z) Car parts from a salvage yard

Answer: Z) Z) Car parts from a salvage yard

BONUS energy phrase

In the United States, corn is the major feedstock for which biofuel?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Ethanol
  • Ethyl alcohol
  • Grain alcohol

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

The Earth’s atmosphere contains roughly what percentage of oxygen by volume? W) 0.2% X) 2% Y) 20% Z) 80%

W: W) 0.2%

X: X) 2%

Y: Y) 20%

Z: Z) 80%

Answer: Y) Y) 20%

BONUS ess phrase

The average atmospheric pressure at sea level is about 1 atmosphere, which is equivalent to how many kilopascals? Provide your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 101.3 kPa

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Name two major types of electron microscopes.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Transmission and scanning
  • TEM
  • LVEM
  • STM
  • SEM

BONUS bio phrase

One parent is homozygous for type A blood and the other is homozygous for type B blood. Their offspring has the phenotype AB blood. What mode of inheritance occurs when an allele from each homozygous parent combines in the offspring, and the offspring simultaneously demonstrates both phenotypes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Codominance

TOSS-UP math phrase

Change 120 degrees to radians in terms of π.

Acceptable Answers:

  • \(\tfrac{2\pi}{3}\)

BONUS math phrase

If the sine of an angle is negative, which other trigonometric function or functions will definitely have negative values?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Cosecant

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What weather pressure systems are characteristic of subtropical latitudes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • High pressure

BONUS ess multiple_choice

If you lived near the equator, which kind of surface wind circulation would you likely most often experience? W) Colliding air masses X) Highly variable and unsteady; but mostly blowing from west to east Y) Sunny weather with little clouds and rain Z) Steady wind blowing from east to west

W: W) Colliding air masses

X: X) Highly variable and unsteady; but mostly blowing from west to east

Y: Y) Sunny weather with little clouds and rain

Z: Z) Steady wind blowing from east to west

Answer: W) W) Colliding air masses

TOSS-UP math phrase

What kind of polygon can never be concave?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Triangle

BONUS math multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT true about a convex polygon? W) Every line segment connecting two interior points lies in the interior X) Every line segment connecting two vertices remains inside or on the boundary of the polygon Y) At least one interior angle is greater than 180 degrees Z) The number of edges is finite

W: W) Every line segment connecting two interior points lies in the interior

X: X) Every line segment connecting two vertices remains inside or on the boundary of the polygon

Y: Y) At least one interior angle is greater than 180 degrees

Z: Z) The number of edges is finite

Answer: Y) Y) At least one interior angle is greater than 180 degrees

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

One wavelength of light is measured: W) From node to node X) From crest to crest Y) From crest to trough Z) From axis to amplitude

W: W) From node to node

X: X) From crest to crest

Y: Y) From crest to trough

Z: Z) From axis to amplitude

Answer: X) X) From crest to crest

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency? W) Yellow light X) Gamma rays Y) Ultraviolet radiation Z) Green light

W: W) Yellow light

X: X) Gamma rays

Y: Y) Ultraviolet radiation

Z: Z) Green light

Answer: W) W) Yellow light

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following changes with the local acceleration due to gravity? W) Mass X) Density Y) Inertia Z) Weight

W: W) Mass

X: X) Density

Y: Y) Inertia

Z: Z) Weight

Answer: Z) Z) Weight

BONUS phys phrase

Baby Petey drops a spoonful of mashed potatoes from his high chair and it hits the floor. This results in what kind of collision?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Inelastic

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Felsic rocks are rich in silicate, while mafic rocks are rich in iron. Which of the following rock types would be felsic? W) Basalt X) Granite Y) Gabbro Z) Dolomite

W: W) Basalt

X: X) Granite

Y: Y) Gabbro

Z: Z) Dolomite

Answer: X) X) Granite

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following rock types would be from the depositional environment with the lowest energy? W) Conglomerate X) Sandstone Y) Siltstone Z) Greywacke

W: W) Conglomerate

X: X) Sandstone

Y: Y) Siltstone

Z: Z) Greywacke

Answer: Y) Y) Siltstone

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the name of the organized structure within a cell which, in eukaryotic cells, bears genetic material as a threadlike linear strand of DNA bonded to various proteins?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Chromosome

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Chromatin

BONUS bio phrase

What specific term describes the specific location of a gene on its chromosome?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Locus
  • Gene locus
  • Loci

TOSS-UP chem phrase

The quantity of which subatomic particle differs between isotopes of a single element?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Neutrons

BONUS chem phrase

Given that the atomic number of silver is 47, how many neutrons are in the Ag-108 isotope?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 61

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following scientists first discovered a cell? W) Anton van Leeuwenhoek X) Henri Dutrochet Y) Stephen Inwood Z) Robert Hooke

W: W) Anton van Leeuwenhoek

X: X) Henri Dutrochet

Y: Y) Stephen Inwood

Z: Z) Robert Hooke

Answer: Z) Z) Robert Hooke

BONUS bio phrase

What specimen did Hooke describe as a multitude of tiny cells that looked like the compartments of honeycomb?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Cork