HS Sample Set 3, Round 8 from NSB
According to the Bronsted-Lowry system, a base is defined as which of the following: W) electron pair acceptor X) proton acceptor Y) proton donor Z) hydroxide donor
W: W) electron pair acceptor
X: X) proton acceptor
Y: Y) proton donor
Z: Z) hydroxide donor
Answer: X) X) proton acceptor
What is the molecular formula for the conjugate base of the following Brønsted-Lowry acid: H₂CO₃
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In response to the development of incandescent lights, gas lights were vastly improved by soaking the mantles in what substance to help convert heat and UV energy into visible light: W) thorium oxide X) titanium dioxide Y) uranium oxide Z) tungsten
W: W) thorium oxide
X: X) titanium dioxide
Y: Y) uranium oxide
Z: Z) tungsten
Answer: W) W) thorium oxide
A hunter uses a 30-gram arrow that is fired by a bowstring at a velocity of 56 meters per second. What is the impulse on the arrow, to the second decimal place in kilogram meters per second?
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What specific area of the human diencephalon is responsible for producing factors that regulate the release of hormones of the pituitary?
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Which of the following is an insertion of the human biceps femoris muscle: W) ventral portion of the head of the femur X) lateral sides of the head of the tibia Y) ileac crest Z) pubic symphisis
W: W) ventral portion of the head of the femur
X: X) lateral sides of the head of the tibia
Y: Y) ileac crest
Z: Z) pubic symphisis
Answer: X) X) lateral sides of the head of the tibia
Given that $\tan(\theta)=\frac{4}{3}$, find the possible values of $\sin(\theta)$.
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Divide and simplify the following two polynomials, combining like terms: ( 2)( 8) 3 ! ! x x
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Which of the following was the evidence that Alfred Wegener did not have that would have convinced the scientific community that his theory of continental drift was correct: W) paleomagnetic studies X) apparent fit of the continents Y) locations of ancient glacial deposits Z) comparative fossil studies
W: W) paleomagnetic studies
X: X) apparent fit of the continents
Y: Y) locations of ancient glacial deposits
Z: Z) comparative fossil studies
Answer: W) W) paleomagnetic studies
Which of the following is NOT true of seismic waves: W) the modified Mercalli scale measures earthquakes based on direct observations of damage X) the actual underground point of origin of an earthquake is called the hypocenter Y) the typical velocity of a P-wave near the Earth’s surface is about 5 kilometers per second Z) S-waves cause the most damage during an earthquake
W: W) the modified Mercalli scale measures earthquakes based on direct observations of damage
X: X) the actual underground point of origin of an earthquake is called the hypocenter
Y: Y) the typical velocity of a P-wave near the Earth’s surface is about 5 kilometers per second
Z: Z) S-waves cause the most damage during an earthquake
Answer: Z) Z) S-waves cause the most damage during an earthquake
Which of the following is the BEST description of an ecological niche: W) a situation in which a species is well adapted to a specific set of environmental conditions X) the biomass load of a given environment Y) a pollutant that becomes concentrated in organisms as it moves up through the food chain Z) all the environmental conditions, plants, and animals of an isolated area
W: W) a situation in which a species is well adapted to a specific set of environmental conditions
X: X) the biomass load of a given environment
Y: Y) a pollutant that becomes concentrated in organisms as it moves up through the food chain
Z: Z) all the environmental conditions, plants, and animals of an isolated area
Answer: W) W) a situation in which a species is well adapted to a specific set of environmental conditions
Lichens are a symbiotic relationship of what 2 general types of organisms?
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Which of the following is the MAIN advantage of space-based telescopes over typical ground-based telescopes: W) they are not affected by radiation X) their mirrors can be any size because of zero gravity Y) they are cheaper to maintain Z) they experience no atmospheric distortion
W: W) they are not affected by radiation
X: X) their mirrors can be any size because of zero gravity
Y: Y) they are cheaper to maintain
Z: Z) they experience no atmospheric distortion
Answer: Z) Z) they experience no atmospheric distortion
Which of the following is the BEST evidence that globular clusters are composed of mostly old stars: W) most of their stars have a low metal content X) most of their stars are population one stars Y) most of the stars have a very high mass Z) most of their stars are white dwarfs
W: W) most of their stars have a low metal content
X: X) most of their stars are population one stars
Y: Y) most of the stars have a very high mass
Z: Z) most of their stars are white dwarfs
Answer: W) W) most of their stars have a low metal content
The reaction Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl → 2H₂O + CaCl₂ is an example of what class of chemical reaction: W) synthesis X) single replacement Y) double replacement Z) decomposition
W: W) synthesis
X: X) single replacement
Y: Y) double replacement
Z: Z) decomposition
Answer: Y) Y) double replacement
A gas sample occupies a volume of 10.0 liters at a pressure of 800 torr. If the pressure on the sample becomes 1.5 atmospheres and temperature remains constant, what volume does the gas now occupy, to the first decimal place in liters?
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Which of the following is the BEST expression of the speed of sound waves in various media: W) the product of the elastic property times the inertial property X) the value of the inertial property divided by the elastic property Y) the value of the elastic property divided by the inertial property Z) the square root of the elastic property divided by the inertial property
W: W) the product of the elastic property times the inertial property
X: X) the value of the inertial property divided by the elastic property
Y: Y) the value of the elastic property divided by the inertial property
Z: Z) the square root of the elastic property divided by the inertial property
Answer: Z) Z) the square root of the elastic property divided by the inertial property
If a mandolin string is tuned to 880 hertz and is 28 centimeters long, what is the wavelength, in meters rounded to the second decimal place, of the sound wave produced by this string, assuming that the instrument is at 20 °C and that the speed of sound is 343 meters/second?
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Which of the following is NOT true: W) comb jellies or ctenophores (ten-OH-fours) have radial symmetry X) lobsters have bilateral symmetry Y) protostomes have no true coeloms (SEE-loams) Z) flatworms are acoelomates (ah-SEA-low-mates)
W: W) comb jellies or ctenophores (ten-OH-fours) have radial symmetry
X: X) lobsters have bilateral symmetry
Y: Y) protostomes have no true coeloms (SEE-loams)
Z: Z) flatworms are acoelomates (ah-SEA-low-mates)
Answer: Y) Y) protostomes have no true coeloms (SEE-loams)
Name all of the following 4 choices that are compound fruits: tomato; raspberry; grape; pineapple
Choices:
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Which of the following is NOT a regular polyhedron: W) regular tetrahedron X) cube Y) regular icosahedron Z) regular hexadecagon
W: W) regular tetrahedron
X: X) cube
Y: Y) regular icosahedron
Z: Z) regular hexadecagon
Answer: Z) Z) regular hexadecagon
Solve the following quadratic inequality for x: $x^2 + 5x + 4 \ge 0$
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Which of the following is a terminal moraine that resulted at the climax of the Wisconsin ice sheet: W) Long Island, New York X) the northern Bahamas Islands Y) Death Valley, California Z) Hudson Bay, Canada
W: W) Long Island, New York
X: X) the northern Bahamas Islands
Y: Y) Death Valley, California
Z: Z) Hudson Bay, Canada
Answer: W) W) Long Island, New York
Looking down on the Earth in the Northern Hemisphere, which of the following BEST describes the circulation of air above an anticyclone: W) air spiraling inward in a counter-clockwise direction X) air spiraling outward in a counter-clockwise direction Y) air spiraling inward in a clockwise direction Z) air spiraling outward in a clockwise direction
W: W) air spiraling inward in a counter-clockwise direction
X: X) air spiraling outward in a counter-clockwise direction
Y: Y) air spiraling inward in a clockwise direction
Z: Z) air spiraling outward in a clockwise direction
Answer: Z) Z) air spiraling outward in a clockwise direction
To remove this parasite that erupts from the skin, victims will wrap the end of the emerging worm around a stick and turn the stick over a period of days to slowly remove the worm: W) Ascaris X) guinea worm Y) hookworm Z) strongyloid
W: W) Ascaris
X: X) guinea worm
Y: Y) hookworm
Z: Z) strongyloid
Answer: X) X) guinea worm
Name all of the following that are primarily bacterial diseases: diphtheria; herpes zoster; strep throat; rubella; yellow fever
Choices:
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The Schmidt telescope would BEST be considered: W) an advanced adaptive optics telescope with x-ray detection capabilities X) a wide field telescope Y) a radio telescope Z) an orbital x-ray telescope
W: W) an advanced adaptive optics telescope with x-ray detection capabilities
X: X) a wide field telescope
Y: Y) a radio telescope
Z: Z) an orbital x-ray telescope
Answer: X) X) a wide field telescope
Which of the following is NOT true: W) the planet Venus has a high albedo X) a gnomon is a very simple astronomical instrument Y) the Moon is found at over 10 degrees north of the ecliptic in a lunar standstill year Z) carbon is probably the fourth most common element in the universe
W: W) the planet Venus has a high albedo
X: X) a gnomon is a very simple astronomical instrument
Y: Y) the Moon is found at over 10 degrees north of the ecliptic in a lunar standstill year
Z: Z) carbon is probably the fourth most common element in the universe
Answer: Y) Y) the Moon is found at over 10 degrees north of the ecliptic in a lunar standstill year
Which of the following is NOT true regarding general trends for the representative elements in the Periodic Table: W) simple positive ions are always smaller than the neutral atoms from which they are formed X) elements with low ionization energies lose electrons easily Y) the size of anions increases from left to right Z) electronegativities increase from left to right
W: W) simple positive ions are always smaller than the neutral atoms from which they are formed
X: X) elements with low ionization energies lose electrons easily
Y: Y) the size of anions increases from left to right
Z: Z) electronegativities increase from left to right
Answer: Y) Y) the size of anions increases from left to right
How many carbons and hydrogens are in the following compound: 2,4-dimethyl hexane
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The index of refraction for a medium is: W) the ratio of the angles of refraction of red light and blue light in the medium X) the angle of refraction for monochromatic light in the medium Y) the ratio of the speed of light in the medium to the speed of light in a vacuum Z) the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium
W: W) the ratio of the angles of refraction of red light and blue light in the medium
X: X) the angle of refraction for monochromatic light in the medium
Y: Y) the ratio of the speed of light in the medium to the speed of light in a vacuum
Z: Z) the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium
Answer: Z) Z) the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium
If light of a single wavelength of 600 nanometers moves from air into a medium with a refractive index of 1.25, what is the wavelength, in nanometers, of the light as it travels in the denser medium?
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Which of the following BEST meets the premises of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: W) random mating, small populations, and no genetic load X) random mating, large populations, and no genetic load Y) non-random mating, small populations, and no net mutations Z) non-random mating, large populations, and no net mutations
W: W) random mating, small populations, and no genetic load
X: X) random mating, large populations, and no genetic load
Y: Y) non-random mating, small populations, and no net mutations
Z: Z) non-random mating, large populations, and no net mutations
Answer: X) X) random mating, large populations, and no genetic load
Name all of the following 3 classes of biological molecules whose immediate breakdown product can generate energy by feeding into metabolism at the level of pyruvate or acetyl Co-A: lipids; proteins; carbohydrates
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Solve the following logarithmic equation for x: $\log_{4}(x) = 4$
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Find the 9th term of the geometric sequence whose first 3 terms are 3, 6, and 12:
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The catastrophic dust bowl of the 1930’s was caused by which of the following processes: W) isostatic adjustment X) basal slip Y) desertification Z) mass wasting
W: W) isostatic adjustment
X: X) basal slip
Y: Y) desertification
Z: Z) mass wasting
Answer: Y) Y) desertification
Which of the following is an example of a U-shaped valley that is partially submerged: W) fjord X) arete Y) paternoster lake Z) hanging valley
W: W) fjord
X: X) arete
Y: Y) paternoster lake
Z: Z) hanging valley
Answer: W) W) fjord
What is the medical name for the disease caused by Clostridium bacteria that is prevalent in soils and commonly named lockjaw?
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What is the common name for vitamin B₃ that is a central component of coenzymes NAD and NADP⁺?
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Which one of the following 4 planets has the smallest orbital eccentricity: Mercury; Jupiter; Venus; Saturn
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Arrange the following 3 objects from LEAST to MOST in their maximum apparent brightness: Sirius; Mars; Jupiter
Choices:
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What is the pH of a $1\times10^{-4}$ molar HCl solution?
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Order the following 4 bonds from those with the LOWEST electronegativity difference to the GREATEST difference: F-H; O-H; S-H; Cl-H
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Correct Order:
How many 20-ohm resistors connected in parallel will produce 5 ohms of equivalent resistance?
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Assuming $g = 10\text{ m/s}^2$, how many total newtons of thrust are needed to accelerate a 5,000-kilogram rocket vertically at 6 meters per second squared?
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The pincers of scorpions are a modification of what arachnid appendage?
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Name all of the following 4 organisms that are cephalopods: squid; mussel; chambered nautilus; slug
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How many watts are equivalent to 1 joule of energy expended per minute of time?
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Michael, who has a mass of 100 kilograms, tries to ski jump with a velocity of 15 meters per second. What is Michael’s momentum, in proper SI units, as he leaves the ski jump?
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