HS Sample Set 8, Round 2 from NSB
In proteins, a beta sheet is an example of what type of structure? W) Primary X) Secondary Y) Tertiary Z) Quaternary
W: W) Primary
X: X) Secondary
Y: Y) Tertiary
Z: Z) Quaternary
Answer: X) X) Secondary
On a phase diagram, what is the name for the one point in phase space where gas, liquid, and solid phases all coexist in equilibrium?
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A group of butterflies occurs in many color patterns. The butterflies can interbreed and the offspring are fertile. What is the most appropriate taxonomical rank for this group of butterflies?
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Which of the following animals is most likely to be responsible for girdling a tree? W) Skunk X) Porcupine Y) Raccoon Z) Yellow bellied marmot
W: W) Skunk
X: X) Porcupine
Y: Y) Raccoon
Z: Z) Yellow bellied marmot
Answer: X) X) Porcupine
Named after its inventor, what battery powered the earliest telegraphs?
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What valuable co-product of the water-gas-shift reaction is left when the resultant CO₂ is removed?
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What gas can naturally form in a crystalline solid in ocean floor sediments?
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NOAA’s 2008–2017 Tsunami Programs Strategic Plan aims to minimize loss of life and disruption to economically vital coastal communities from future tsunamis. Which of the following is NOT an anticipated outcome of the national tsunami effort? W) Timely and accurate tsunami forecast and warning products X) Tsunami products that are understandable and usable Y) Resilient communities inhabited by a public educated to take appropriate actions Z) Improved predictive modeling capabilities to treat tsunamis as a single giant wave
W: W) Timely and accurate tsunami forecast and warning products
X: X) Tsunami products that are understandable and usable
Y: Y) Resilient communities inhabited by a public educated to take appropriate actions
Z: Z) Improved predictive modeling capabilities to treat tsunamis as a single giant wave
Answer: Z) Z) Improved predictive modeling capabilities to treat tsunamis as a single giant wave
Solve for x in $$(2x - 9)^2 = 81.$$
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Which of the following pizzas has the greatest area on its top? W) A rectangular pizza, 18” by 12” X) A square pizza, 15” by 15” Y) A circular pizza with a 14” diameter Z) A circular pizza with an 8” radius
W: W) A rectangular pizza, 18” by 12”
X: X) A square pizza, 15” by 15”
Y: Y) A circular pizza with a 14” diameter
Z: Z) A circular pizza with an 8” radius
Answer: X) X) A square pizza, 15” by 15”
Mistletoe is a vascular plant that imbeds root-like structures into the limbs of a tree, robbing it of moisture and nutrients. The mistletoe provides no resources to the tree on which it depends. The ecological relationship between the mistletoe and the tree is an example of which of the following? W) Commensalism X) Herbivory Y) Mimicry Z) Parasitism
W: W) Commensalism
X: X) Herbivory
Y: Y) Mimicry
Z: Z) Parasitism
Answer: Z) Z) Parasitism
Which of the following glands contributes to thermoregulation by adjusting the resting metabolic rate? W) Pancreas X) Thyroid Y) Anterior pituitary Z) Adrenal
W: W) Pancreas
X: X) Thyroid
Y: Y) Anterior pituitary
Z: Z) Adrenal
Answer: X) X) Thyroid
Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of indirect coulometry? W) Utilizes a constant current source and both indicating and generating electrodes X) Can detect microgram amounts Y) Requires the use of standards even if the current efficiency is known Z) Can use unstable reagents
W: W) Utilizes a constant current source and both indicating and generating electrodes
X: X) Can detect microgram amounts
Y: Y) Requires the use of standards even if the current efficiency is known
Z: Z) Can use unstable reagents
Answer: Y) Y) Requires the use of standards even if the current efficiency is known
Bronze and brass are both alloys that are made by combining copper and another substance. What other substances are most typically used to make bronze and brass, respectively?
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What type of electrical circuit component can be used to store energy electrostatically?
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Indicate, by number, all of the following three forces that would act on a rock as it slides along the ground after being kicked: 1) gravity; 2) friction; 3) air resistance.
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The geologic eras are separated by what sort of major biological event?
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Which of the following is nearest the percentage of the South American continent drained by the Amazon River? W) 15% X) 40% Y) 60% Z) 75%
W: W) 15%
X: X) 40%
Y: Y) 60%
Z: Z) 75%
Answer: X) X) 40%
Which of the following visual disorders results in large pressure increases within the eye? W) Glaucoma X) Astigmatism Y) Macular degeneration Z) Cataracts
W: W) Glaucoma
X: X) Astigmatism
Y: Y) Macular degeneration
Z: Z) Cataracts
Answer: W) W) Glaucoma
Konrad Lorenz, a noted behavioral psychologist, was famous for conditioning a gaggle of geese at a particular age in their development to adopt his rubber boots as their mother. This kind of animal behavior results from which of the following? W) Habituation X) Imprinting Y) Instinct Z) Nurturing
W: W) Habituation
X: X) Imprinting
Y: Y) Instinct
Z: Z) Nurturing
Answer: X) X) Imprinting
A man buys candies for x cents per dozen and sells them for x over 9 cents per candy. If he buys the candies for \$1.08 per dozen, what is his profit per candy, in cents? W) 1 cent X) 3 cents Y) 8 cents Z) 12 cents
W: W) 1 cent
X: X) 3 cents
Y: Y) 8 cents
Z: Z) 12 cents
Answer: X) X) 3 cents
Simplify the following fraction for values of x for which it is defined: $$\frac{6x^2 + 4x - 2}{4x - 12x^2}.$$
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Which of the following countries has the highest percentage of its electricity production from geothermal energy? W) United States X) Philippines Y) Greenland Z) Iceland
W: W) United States
X: X) Philippines
Y: Y) Greenland
Z: Z) Iceland
Answer: Z) Z) Iceland
Order the following four sources of energy from least to greatest in terms of the percentage share of total electricity generation in the United States: 1) coal; 2) nuclear; 3) petroleum; 4) hydropower.
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Which of the following elements would be most likely to violate the octet rule? W) Boron X) Carbon Y) Nitrogen Z) Oxygen
W: W) Boron
X: X) Carbon
Y: Y) Nitrogen
Z: Z) Oxygen
Answer: W) W) Boron
Identify all of the following three statements that characterize pi bonds: 1) They have maximum electron density on the internuclear axis; 2) They are generally less stable than sigma bonds; 3) A triple bond consists of one pi bond and two sigma bonds.
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Which of the following is the most similar to the ecosystem type that would be found at 4000 m elevation in the Andes? W) Tundra X) Broadleaf forest Y) Chaparral Z) Temperate grassland
W: W) Tundra
X: X) Broadleaf forest
Y: Y) Chaparral
Z: Z) Temperate grassland
Answer: W) W) Tundra
What is the name of the genus of the early hominid Lucy? W) Ardipithecus X) Homo Y) Australopithecus Z) Paranthropus
W: W) Ardipithecus
X: X) Homo
Y: Y) Australopithecus
Z: Z) Paranthropus
Answer: Y) Y) Australopithecus
Frost wedging or freeze-thaw weather is most prominent in which of the following locations? W) Anchorage, Alaska X) Chicago, Illinois Y) Phoenix, Arizona Z) San Diego, California
W: W) Anchorage, Alaska
X: X) Chicago, Illinois
Y: Y) Phoenix, Arizona
Z: Z) San Diego, California
Answer: X) X) Chicago, Illinois
Which of the following types of volcanic vents creates wide-spread basalt deposits called flood basalts? W) Fissures X) Cinder cones Y) Composite cone Z) Stratovolcanoes
W: W) Fissures
X: X) Cinder cones
Y: Y) Composite cone
Z: Z) Stratovolcanoes
Answer: W) W) Fissures
Which of the following values refers to the maximum amount of non-expansion work that can be extracted from a closed system? W) Enthalpy X) Entropy Y) Helmholtz free energy Z) Gibbs free energy
W: W) Enthalpy
X: X) Entropy
Y: Y) Helmholtz free energy
Z: Z) Gibbs free energy
Answer: Z) Z) Gibbs free energy
The addition of 2.0 moles of sulfur dioxide to 1.0 mole of diatomic oxygen forms 2.0 moles of sulfur trioxide at constant pressure and releases 198 kJ of energy as heat. In kilojoules, what is the change in enthalpy for this reaction?
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Consider two sets, A and B, that show a correlation coefficient R equal to 0.6. If all the members of set A are multiplied by 3 and all members of set B are reduced by 2, what is the new value of R?
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How many roots satisfy the equation $$\sqrt{6 - x} = x\,\sqrt{6 - x}\;?$$ W) 0 X) 1 Y) 2 Z) 3
W: W) 0
X: X) 1
Y: Y) 2
Z: Z) 3
Answer: Y) Y) 2
Identify all of the following three quantities that are constant for a body in uniform circular motion: 1) kinetic energy; 2) speed; 3) angular velocity.
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Indicate, by number, all of the following three optical properties that are involved in the production of rainbows: 1) dispersion; 2) absorption; 3) total internal reflection.
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Which of the following neurotransmitters typically has a fast excitation response? W) Aminobutyric acid X) Acetylcholine Y) Glycine Z) Histamine
W: W) Aminobutyric acid
X: X) Acetylcholine
Y: Y) Glycine
Z: Z) Histamine
Answer: X) X) Acetylcholine
What is the primary force that holds the antiparallel strands of a DNA helix together?
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What law gives the solubility of a gaseous species as a linear function of its partial pressure above a liquid solvent?
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Match the four acids with their proper IUPAC names: 1) HClO; 2) HClO₂; 3) HClO₃; 4) HClO₄; A) chloric acid; B) perchloric acid; C) hypochlorous acid; D) chlorous acid.
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The bob on a pendulum swings through an arc 3 feet long when the string swings through an angle of 0.5 radians. What is the length of the pendulum in feet? W) 4 X) 5 Y) 6 Z) 7
W: W) 4
X: X) 5
Y: Y) 6
Z: Z) 7
Answer: Y) Y) 6
You have a sample of 30 values that correspond to the amounts of money you spent on gas in each of 30 months. You notice that the highest value was mistakenly recorded with an extra zero, but after correcting it, it remains the highest value. Identify all of the following four values that change after the correction: 1) Mean; 2) Median; 3) Interquartile Range; 4) Range.
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The idea that energy is quantized in order to explain the observed black-body radiation was first postulated by what German scientist?
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What scientist first described the wave mechanics of quantum particles with his namesake wave function?
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In which of the following climates is chemical weathering generally most effective? W) Temperate X) Hot and arid Y) Tropical Z) Arctic
W: W) Temperate
X: X) Hot and arid
Y: Y) Tropical
Z: Z) Arctic
Answer: Y) Y) Tropical
The reasons why the Earth’s core is believed to be largely molten iron do NOT include which of the following? W) Density of iron X) Conductivity of iron Y) Magnetic properties of iron Z) Abundance of iron in the universe
W: W) Density of iron
X: X) Conductivity of iron
Y: Y) Magnetic properties of iron
Z: Z) Abundance of iron in the universe
Answer: Y) Y) Magnetic properties of iron