HS Sample Set 11, Round 1 from NSB
A famous principle of fluid mechanics, traditionally attributed as the explanation behind lift on an airplane wing, is named after what scientist? W) Bernoulli X) Pascal Y) Rayleigh Z) Reynolds
W: W) Bernoulli
X: X) Pascal
Y: Y) Rayleigh
Z: Z) Reynolds
Answer: W) W) Bernoulli
A metal disk has a moment of inertia of $5.0\times10^{-3}\,\text{kg}\cdot\text{m}^2$. If the disk is rotating with 9 joules of kinetic energy, what is the angular speed, in radians per second, of a point on its rim?
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A geometric sequence has third term 1 and fourth term –3. What is its first term?
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If $\theta = \arcsin(0.8)$, what is the sum of the cotangent of $\theta$ and the cosecant of $\theta$?
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Steroids can be classified as which of the following types of biomacromolecule? W) Carbohydrate X) Protein Y) Lipid Z) Nucleic Acid
W: W) Carbohydrate
X: X) Protein
Y: Y) Lipid
Z: Z) Nucleic Acid
Answer: Y) Y) Lipid
In the mitochondrial electron transport chain during oxidative phosphorylation, what molecule is the final electron acceptor?
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What gas is produced by bacterial decay in landfills? W) Neon X) Oxygen Y) Carbon monoxide Z) Methane
W: W) Neon
X: X) Oxygen
Y: Y) Carbon monoxide
Z: Z) Methane
Answer: Z) Z) Methane
Researchers at Argonne National Lab used high-energy x-rays to confirm a model of quantum magnetism. Which of the following facilities did they use? W) Electron Microscopy Center X) Center for Nanoscale Materials Y) Advanced Photon Source Z) Tandem Linear Accelerator
W: W) Electron Microscopy Center
X: X) Center for Nanoscale Materials
Y: Y) Advanced Photon Source
Z: Z) Tandem Linear Accelerator
Answer: Y) Y) Advanced Photon Source
What type of lava can be expected to erupt from a shield volcano, like Kilauea? W) Andesite X) Basalt Y) Dacite Z) Rhyolite
W: W) Andesite
X: X) Basalt
Y: Y) Dacite
Z: Z) Rhyolite
Answer: X) X) Basalt
What is the name for a large depression that forms when the vent of a volcano collapses into a drained magma chamber?
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Which of the following is equivalent to 10 centimeters? W) $10^8$ nanometers X) $10^3$ millimeters Y) $10^7$ micrometers Z) $10^2$ decimeters
W: W) $10^8$ nanometers
X: X) $10^3$ millimeters
Y: Y) $10^7$ micrometers
Z: Z) $10^2$ decimeters
Answer: W) W) $10^8$ nanometers
Which of the following will increase the entropy of a system? W) Decreasing the temperature X) Changing the phase from a liquid to a solid Y) Increasing the volume Z) Decreasing the number of molecules
W: W) Decreasing the temperature
X: X) Changing the phase from a liquid to a solid
Y: Y) Increasing the volume
Z: Z) Decreasing the number of molecules
Answer: Y) Y) Increasing the volume
Which of the following best describes why a complete lack of cholesterol is dangerous for cells? W) Cholesterol maintains membrane fluidity X) Cholesterol is necessary for all signal transduction Y) Cholesterol is required for ATP production Z) Cholesterol protects against DNA degradation
W: W) Cholesterol maintains membrane fluidity
X: X) Cholesterol is necessary for all signal transduction
Y: Y) Cholesterol is required for ATP production
Z: Z) Cholesterol protects against DNA degradation
Answer: W) W) Cholesterol maintains membrane fluidity
Which of the following is definitely known about Australopithecines? W) They had human-sized brains X) They walked upright Y) They were 2 meters tall, on average Z) They were herbivores
W: W) They had human-sized brains
X: X) They walked upright
Y: Y) They were 2 meters tall, on average
Z: Z) They were herbivores
Answer: X) X) They walked upright
What type of covalent bond, found in amine oxides, is formed by two electrons from the same atom?
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Identify all of the following three statements that are TRUE of acetic acid: 1) It exists predominantly in its monomeric form when dissolved in benzene; 2) It exists predominantly in its monomeric form when dissolved in water; 3) It exists predominantly in its monomeric form in the gas phase.
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What is the adjective for a process that occurs at constant pressure?
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Tim blows into a hollow cylinder that is open on both ends. It emits a sound at its fundamental frequency, a middle A which is 440 Hertz. Which of the following is closest to the length, in centimeters, of the cylinder? W) 20 X) 40 Y) 60 Z) 80
W: W) 20
X: X) 40
Y: Y) 60
Z: Z) 80
Answer: X) X) 40
Which of the following numbers has a remainder of 1 when it is divided by 7? W) 62 X) 82 Y) 99 Z) 103
W: W) 62
X: X) 82
Y: Y) 99
Z: Z) 103
Answer: Y) Y) 99
The graph of $$f(x)=\frac{x^2-5x+6}{x^2-9}$$ has a removable discontinuity at \(x=a\) for some real number \(a\). What is the limit of \(f(x)\) as \(x\) approaches \(a\)?
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Iridates and cuprates are being studied at Argonne National Lab because of their potential uses as what? W) Heavy-ion particle beam fuel X) Ultra-strong alloys Y) Megatesla magnets Z) High temperature superconductors
W: W) Heavy-ion particle beam fuel
X: X) Ultra-strong alloys
Y: Y) Megatesla magnets
Z: Z) High temperature superconductors
Answer: Z) Z) High temperature superconductors
DOE researchers are studying how hemorrhagic fevers suppress the immune system. Which of the following viruses is being studied? W) Influenza virus X) Polio virus Y) Ebola virus Z) Virga virus
W: W) Influenza virus
X: X) Polio virus
Y: Y) Ebola virus
Z: Z) Virga virus
Answer: Y) Y) Ebola virus
What is the name for the type of mass wasting in which perpendicular forces due to freeze-thaw processes in the ground cause soil to lift upwards? W) Frost Heave X) Debris Slump Y) Earth Slide Z) Soil Sturzstrom
W: W) Frost Heave
X: X) Debris Slump
Y: Y) Earth Slide
Z: Z) Soil Sturzstrom
Answer: W) W) Frost Heave
Which of the seven spectral classes includes our Sun?
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Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab are using the Titan supercomputer in order to study actinide chemistry at a molecular level. Identify all of the following three elements that are being studied: 1) Uranium; 2) Thorium; 3) Neptunium.
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DOE researchers, as part of the Daya Bay Collaboration, use sophisticated experiments to observe the reactions going on in nuclear reactors. Other than a proton and an electron, what particle that is produced by beta minus decay are they observing?
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Walden Pond in Massachusetts is a famous example of a kettle lake. What created Walden Pond? W) Earthquake X) Glacial activity Y) A meander cut off to form a lake Z) Volcanic activity
W: W) Earthquake
X: X) Glacial activity
Y: Y) A meander cut off to form a lake
Z: Z) Volcanic activity
Answer: X) X) Glacial activity
During what eon did visible life start to appear and result in abundant fossils? W) Hadean X) Archaean Y) Proterozoic Z) Phanerozoic
W: W) Hadean
X: X) Archaean
Y: Y) Proterozoic
Z: Z) Phanerozoic
Answer: Z) Z) Phanerozoic
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the lines with equations $$5x+7y=35$$ and $$28x-20y=35$$? W) Parallel X) Perpendicular Y) Intersecting but not perpendicular Z) Coincident
W: W) Parallel
X: X) Perpendicular
Y: Y) Intersecting but not perpendicular
Z: Z) Coincident
Answer: X) X) Perpendicular
A regular hexagon is inscribed in a circle of diameter 16. What is the area of the hexagon?
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The liquefaction of what gas was recognized in the 1913 Nobel Prize?
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A 2-liter container is filled with 3 moles of an ideal gas at 150 kelvins. What is the pressure of the gas, in atmospheres, to two significant figures?
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Consider the covalent bonding in the molecule acetylene, and assume that the carbon–carbon axis is the x-axis. What two orbitals on each carbon atom participate in pi bonding? W) 1s and 2s X) 2px and 2py Y) 2s and 2px Z) 2py and 2pz
W: W) 1s and 2s
X: X) 2px and 2py
Y: Y) 2s and 2px
Z: Z) 2py and 2pz
Answer: Z) Z) 2py and 2pz
Rank the following three barium salts in terms of increasing water solubility: 1) Barium chlorate; 2) Barium sulfate; 3) Barium hydroxide.
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Fish and reptiles are classified under what phylum?
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Which of the following muscles adducts and rotates the scapula and tilts the chin? W) Latissimus dorsi X) Rhomboideus major Y) Subscapularis Z) Trapezius
W: W) Latissimus dorsi
X: X) Rhomboideus major
Y: Y) Subscapularis
Z: Z) Trapezius
Answer: Z) Z) Trapezius
Identify all of the following three forms of heat transfer for which the rate of heat transfer is independent of the temperature gradient: 1) Conduction; 2) Convection; 3) Radiation.
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A pool of water and the surrounding air are at thermal equilibrium. Identify all of the following three molecular-level properties that are statistically equal between the two substances: 1) Internal energy; 2) Kinetic energy; 3) Velocity.
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Dental cavities in humans are primarily caused by what genus of bacteria?
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What structure does Paramecium use for motility?
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After a long period of deflation by the wind, a desert will be reduced to a layer of cobble that is resistant to further deflation. What is the term for this layer of cobble?
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Which of the following best describes the origin of Long Island in New York? W) It arose from the sea due to hotspot activity X) It was formed when an earthquake drove a sea mount above water Y) It marks a location where an ocean rift lies Z) It formed from glacial till during the last Ice Age
W: W) It arose from the sea due to hotspot activity
X: X) It was formed when an earthquake drove a sea mount above water
Y: Y) It marks a location where an ocean rift lies
Z: Z) It formed from glacial till during the last Ice Age
Answer: Z) Z) It formed from glacial till during the last Ice Age
Identify all of the following three elements that, when inserted into a silicon crystal lattice, would result in a p-type, doped semiconductor: 1) Carbon; 2) Boron; 3) Nitrogen.
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Identify all of the following three statements that are true of benzene: 1) It is nonpolar; 2) It is aromatic; 3) It is miscible with water.
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The mean of a set of 5 numbers is 5. Four of the numbers are 1, 2, 5, and 8. What is the fifth number?
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A task takes a single computer processor 10 days to complete. For this task, each successive processor added in parallel reduces the computation time needed by 50%. How many processors would need to be used for this task so that it could be completed in under one hour?
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