HS Sample Set 1, Round 7 from NSB
If one end of a single polypeptide chain has an amino group exposed, what functional group is typically exposed at the opposite end?
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What is the most common name of the protein that synthesizes DNA?
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Which of the following compounds is used as a fuel additive in what is commonly known as “dry-gas” by solubilizing water to reduce its contamination in gasoline: W) isooctane X) glycerol Y) MTBE Z) isopropyl alcohol
W: W) isooctane
X: X) glycerol
Y: Y) MTBE
Z: Z) isopropyl alcohol
Answer: Z) Z) isopropyl alcohol
The molar heat of vaporization for water at its boiling point and in kilojoules per mole is: W) 6.01 X) 40.7 Y) 540 Z) 2,260
W: W) 6.01
X: X) 40.7
Y: Y) 540
Z: Z) 2,260
Answer: X) X) 40.7
Consider an electric charge moving through a magnetic field. A force acts on the charge perpendicular to the direction of the charge’s motion and direction of the magnetic field. Which of the following is the MOST common name for this force: W) B field X) Lorentz force Y) electrodynamic force Z) Faraday force
W: W) B field
X: X) Lorentz force
Y: Y) electrodynamic force
Z: Z) Faraday force
Answer: X) X) Lorentz force
Which of the following BEST describes the Lorentz Contraction: W) reduction in the mass of a body as it approaches the speed of light X) reduction in the length of a body along the direction of motion as it approaches the speed of light Y) loss of kinetic energy when any object slows Z) loss of potential energy when any body emits electromagnetic radiation
W: W) reduction in the mass of a body as it approaches the speed of light
X: X) reduction in the length of a body along the direction of motion as it approaches the speed of light
Y: Y) loss of kinetic energy when any object slows
Z: Z) loss of potential energy when any body emits electromagnetic radiation
Answer: X) X) reduction in the length of a body along the direction of motion as it approaches the speed of light
What is the determinant of a 2-by-2 square matrix whose rows are 4, 2 and –3, –4?
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Solve the following equation for x: $$-2\lvert 3 + \frac{x}{2}\rvert = -10$$
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What is the most common name for the temperature‐slope or depth interval over which temperature changes with depth in a lake?
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Trilobites are index fossils that lived: W) in warm, ocean waters X) during the Achaean geological time Y) in desert environments Z) in lakes, rivers and streams
W: W) in warm, ocean waters
X: X) during the Achaean geological time
Y: Y) in desert environments
Z: Z) in lakes, rivers and streams
Answer: W) W) in warm, ocean waters
The Chesapeake Bay Foundation has enlisted volunteers to raise oysters within cages tied to docks just below the water’s surface. Which is the BEST reason why these amateur conservationists will not be tempted to eat their oysters: W) they are genetically engineered and their impact on human health has not been assessed X) they were irradiated prior to seeding to ensure they were disease‐free Y) there is a water pollution advisory against eating oysters grown within most of the watershed Z) some are equipped with a radio transmitter to allow biologists to easily measure population changes
W: W) they are genetically engineered and their impact on human health has not been assessed
X: X) they were irradiated prior to seeding to ensure they were disease‐free
Y: Y) there is a water pollution advisory against eating oysters grown within most of the watershed
Z: Z) some are equipped with a radio transmitter to allow biologists to easily measure population changes
Answer: Y) Y) there is a water pollution advisory against eating oysters grown within most of the watershed
If one of Earth’s tectonic plates moves at a rate of about 10 cm per year, how many kilometers will it move in 100 million years?
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From data primarily on the motions of what planet did Kepler propose that planets follow elliptical orbits?
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What object in the night sky can reach a maximum apparent magnitude of –12.6?
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What is the main respiratory pigment of skeletal muscle cells?
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Choosing from primary through quaternary, what level of protein structure is conferred by a beta pleated sheet?
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An increase in which of the following conditions would NOT lead to an increase in pressure of a gas in a piston: W) increased temperature X) increased number of gas molecules Y) increased average kinetic energy of gas particles Z) increased volume
W: W) increased temperature
X: X) increased number of gas molecules
Y: Y) increased average kinetic energy of gas particles
Z: Z) increased volume
Answer: Z) Z) increased volume
To the nearest whole number, how many grams of Na₂SO₄ (formula weight 142 g/mol) are needed to prepare 500 mL of a 0.100 M solution?
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Which of the following best describes the concept upon which Kirchhoff’s current law is based: W) charges come in unit dimensions X) all charges flow from the negative to the positive Y) charge can neither be created nor destroyed Z) what goes up must come down
W: W) charges come in unit dimensions
X: X) all charges flow from the negative to the positive
Y: Y) charge can neither be created nor destroyed
Z: Z) what goes up must come down
Answer: Y) Y) charge can neither be created nor destroyed
Give by name or number all of the following that would be considered units of electrical power: 1) ampere volt 2) joules per second 3) watts 4) coulombs
Choices:
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Giving your answer as up, down, left, or right, the graph of the equation $$x = 5y - 8y^2 - 1$$ opens in what direction?
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If \$10{,}000 is placed in a savings account that pays 5% interest compounded annually, what is the total amount in the account at the end of 2 years, to the nearest dollar?
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Which of the following atmospheric gases is created naturally by the action of sunlight on molecular oxygen: W) ozone X) carbon monoxide Y) nitrous oxide Z) methane
W: W) ozone
X: X) carbon monoxide
Y: Y) nitrous oxide
Z: Z) methane
Answer: W) W) ozone
On a weather map, what type of frontal boundary is represented by alternating blue triangles pointing toward warmer air and red semicircles pointing toward colder air?
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Geothermal power plants use which of the following to generate electricity: W) coal X) steam Y) sunlight Z) pressurized water
W: W) coal
X: X) steam
Y: Y) sunlight
Z: Z) pressurized water
Answer: X) X) steam
Diatoms are: W) bacteria X) twinned crystals Y) seaweed Z) algae
W: W) bacteria
X: X) twinned crystals
Y: Y) seaweed
Z: Z) algae
Answer: Z) Z) algae
Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate: W) solar eclipses are less common than lunar eclipses X) stars that begin their lives with greater mass have longer life-spans Y) stars in the same constellation are not necessarily at the same distance from Earth Z) M-31 is a galaxy
W: W) solar eclipses are less common than lunar eclipses
X: X) stars that begin their lives with greater mass have longer life-spans
Y: Y) stars in the same constellation are not necessarily at the same distance from Earth
Z: Z) M-31 is a galaxy
Answer: X) X) stars that begin their lives with greater mass have longer life-spans
In what constellation is the brightest-appearing star in the night sky?
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What specific biological process is believed to have produced most of the diatomic oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere?
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In photosystem II, what is light energy most notably used to initially accomplish?
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According to VSEPR bonding theory, what type of geometry does a molecule have when the central atom is surrounded by four bonded groups, such as in methane?
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Which of the following is considered a weak acid: W) HCO₂H X) HClO₄ Y) HNO₃ Z) HBr
W: W) HCO₂H
X: X) HClO₄
Y: Y) HNO₃
Z: Z) HBr
Answer: W) W) HCO₂H
What is the MOST common name for the electrical device often made of two parallel conducting plates separated by a paper insulator all rolled into a cylinder to function in storing electrical energy?
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What is the SI unit of capacitance equal to one coulomb per volt?
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In what quadrant does θ terminate if sin θ is positive and sec θ is negative?
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Solve the following equation for all real values of x: $$\frac1{4} - \frac1{8} - \frac1{2^x} = 0$$
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Which of the following rocks is MOST porous: W) marble X) granite Y) limestone Z) slate
W: W) marble
X: X) granite
Y: Y) limestone
Z: Z) slate
Answer: Y) Y) limestone
If the intent is to neutralize soil acidity, mixing which of the following materials in the soil would be the LEAST effective: W) ground limestone X) ground oyster shells Y) pure CaCO₃ Z) gypsum
W: W) ground limestone
X: X) ground oyster shells
Y: Y) pure CaCO₃
Z: Z) gypsum
Answer: Z) Z) gypsum
Which of the following is used as a white pigment in paint, paper, and plastics: W) Teflon X) zeolites Y) titanium dioxide Z) diatomaceous earth
W: W) Teflon
X: X) zeolites
Y: Y) titanium dioxide
Z: Z) diatomaceous earth
Answer: Y) Y) titanium dioxide
Cats have a special layer of tissue behind their retina called the tapetum lucidum that does which of the following: W) reflects back to the retina stray photons of light X) allows for color vision Y) allows only for black, white and grey vision Z) serves as a second eyelid to protect the eye
W: W) reflects back to the retina stray photons of light
X: X) allows for color vision
Y: Y) allows only for black, white and grey vision
Z: Z) serves as a second eyelid to protect the eye
Answer: W) W) reflects back to the retina stray photons of light
What basic force is responsible for forming the liquid‐metallic hydrogen layer on the planet Jupiter?
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During what month is the average surface temperature of the Earth typically the highest?
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In what specific part of the testes does spermatogenesis occur in mammals?
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What human gland, which is mostly lymphoid tissue, is critical to the normal development of cell mediated immunity and, if removed after young adulthood, seems to have no ill effects on the immune system?
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When a strip of sodium reacts with dilute HCl, what gas is produced?
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The release of hydrogen gas in the above experiment is called: W) combustion X) effervescence Y) diffusion Z) ebullition
W: W) combustion
X: X) effervescence
Y: Y) diffusion
Z: Z) ebullition
Answer: X) X) effervescence
What was the electrolyte used in the first voltaic piles built by Volta?
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What is the resistance, in standard SI units, of an electric device operating on a 9-volt battery that requires 0.05 amps to run?
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What is the most common name for the micro‐gametophyte in flowering plants?
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Sieve cells and sieve tube members are types of what specific conductive plant cell type?
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