MS Sample Set 8, Round 13 from NSB
Non-storm wave action can move fine sand particles in depths of up to how many meters? W) 10 X) 20 Y) 40 Z) 80
W: W) 10
X: X) 20
Y: Y) 40
Z: Z) 80
Answer: X) X) 20
The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was an event marked by major changes on Earth that occurred about 55 million years ago. Which of the following is NOT true of the PETM? W) Global temperature rose by about 6 °C X) Carbonate deposits in the world’s oceans dissolved Y) Greenhouse gases such as CO₂ were much lower Z) Deep-sea extinctions of marine organisms occurred
W: W) Global temperature rose by about 6 °C
X: X) Carbonate deposits in the world’s oceans dissolved
Y: Y) Greenhouse gases such as CO₂ were much lower
Z: Z) Deep-sea extinctions of marine organisms occurred
Answer: Y) Y) Greenhouse gases such as CO₂ were much lower
Which of the following is NOT a process of plate tectonics? W) Continental drift X) Seafloor spreading Y) Subduction Z) Upwelling
W: W) Continental drift
X: X) Seafloor spreading
Y: Y) Subduction
Z: Z) Upwelling
Answer: Z) Z) Upwelling
Geological time charts use Latin or Greek for naming. What is the English translation of the Greek term “Mesozoic”?
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Which of the following best classifies iodine? W) Halogen X) Inert gas Y) Compound Z) Alkali metal
W: W) Halogen
X: X) Inert gas
Y: Y) Compound
Z: Z) Alkali metal
Answer: W) W) Halogen
In the jungle, Curious George is swinging from a vine between two trees, like a pendulum, and in a surprisingly regular fashion. Given that the time he takes to swing from one tree to another is 1.5 seconds, assuming no energy is lost from air drag or friction, what is the period if we assume that George is a harmonic oscillator?
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The sum of the ages of 5 people 5 years ago was 50. The sum of their ages 5 years from now will be how many years?
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Triangle ABC is isosceles. If angle A has a measure of 40°, what are all of the possible degree measures of angle B?
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Which of the following determines the sex of a turtle egg? W) Temperature of the sand X) Phase of the moon Y) Season of fertilization Z) How many eggs are laid
W: W) Temperature of the sand
X: X) Phase of the moon
Y: Y) Season of fertilization
Z: Z) How many eggs are laid
Answer: W) W) Temperature of the sand
Which of the following is least likely to be impacted by decreased environmental pH? W) Pteropods X) Diatoms Y) Coccolithophorids Z) Mussels
W: W) Pteropods
X: X) Diatoms
Y: Y) Coccolithophorids
Z: Z) Mussels
Answer: X) X) Diatoms
Worldwide, over 70% of the total length of beaches has retreated at a rate of 10 centimeters per year. Which of the following is primarily responsible for this dramatic change? W) Increase in shoreline construction X) Decrease in the number of groins permitted Y) Damming of the world’s rivers Z) Increases in ocean acidification
W: W) Increase in shoreline construction
X: X) Decrease in the number of groins permitted
Y: Y) Damming of the world’s rivers
Z: Z) Increases in ocean acidification
Answer: Y) Y) Damming of the world’s rivers
Black holes are thought to eventually evaporate away due to what phenomenon?
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Harmonics, an issue of power quality, causes which of the following effects? W) Distorts the voltage and current waveforms of a circuit X) Reduction in the source voltage Y) Increase in the source voltage Z) Power interruption for more than one minute
W: W) Distorts the voltage and current waveforms of a circuit
X: X) Reduction in the source voltage
Y: Y) Increase in the source voltage
Z: Z) Power interruption for more than one minute
Answer: W) W) Distorts the voltage and current waveforms of a circuit
The heat engine utilized in a typical ocean thermal energy conversion system has an efficiency that lies in which of the following ranges? W) 0–10% X) 20–30% Y) 40–50% Z) 60–70%
W: W) 0–10%
X: X) 20–30%
Y: Y) 40–50%
Z: Z) 60–70%
Answer: W) W) 0–10%
Today we often hear of politicians being given the litmus test to determine their character. However, in science, what chemical property does a litmus test measure?
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Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs, or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle? W) ATP X) NADH Y) H₂O Z) CO₂
W: W) ATP
X: X) NADH
Y: Y) H₂O
Z: Z) CO₂
Answer: Y) Y) H₂O
Formation of a precipitate is one sign that a chemical reaction has occurred. Which of the following is most likely to precipitate in water? W) Nitrate X) Sulfide Y) Acetate Z) Chloride
W: W) Nitrate
X: X) Sulfide
Y: Y) Acetate
Z: Z) Chloride
Answer: X) X) Sulfide
10 grams of Substance A requires 500 Joules of heat to increase the temperature from 17 °C to 167 °C. What is the specific heat of Substance A in Joules per gram-°C, to two significant figures?
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A parabola has x-intercept 3 and y-intercept 5. Which of the following can be determined? W) Whether the parabola has values in quadrant I X) The location of the vertex of the parabola Y) The direction the parabola opens Z) The equation representing the curve
W: W) Whether the parabola has values in quadrant I
X: X) The location of the vertex of the parabola
Y: Y) The direction the parabola opens
Z: Z) The equation representing the curve
Answer: W) W) Whether the parabola has values in quadrant I
If angle ABC is inscribed in a circle and measures 75°, what is the degree measure of arc ABC?
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Which of the following organisms is most closely related to sharks, rays, and skates? W) Chimaera X) Killer whales Y) Leopard seals Z) Baleen whales
W: W) Chimaera
X: X) Killer whales
Y: Y) Leopard seals
Z: Z) Baleen whales
Answer: W) W) Chimaera
Two proteins share similar tertiary structure and function, but do NOT have a common ancestor. What specific evolutionary phenomenon can account for their similarity?
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What kind of spectrum would you expect to see when observing a hot gas through a spectrograph? W) Black body spectrum X) Emission spectrum Y) Absorption spectrum Z) Inverted spectrum
W: W) Black body spectrum
X: X) Emission spectrum
Y: Y) Absorption spectrum
Z: Z) Inverted spectrum
Answer: X) X) Emission spectrum
What is the name for the specific landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks including limestone, dolomite, and gypsum?
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As the ice freezes around Antarctica in the winter months, what happens to the continent’s area? W) Increases by half X) Increases by 75% Y) Doubles Z) Triples
W: W) Increases by half
X: X) Increases by 75%
Y: Y) Doubles
Z: Z) Triples
Answer: Y) Y) Doubles
Apis mellifera is the scientific name for what insect?
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Solar panels derive their power from sunlight. The maximum amount of solar irradiance received at any moment on the surface of the Earth is which of the following? W) Solar constant, 1,368 W/m² X) Solar variable, 1,268 W/m² Y) Solar declination, 1,368 W/m² Z) Solar azimuth, 999 W/m²
W: W) Solar constant, 1,368 W/m²
X: X) Solar variable, 1,268 W/m²
Y: Y) Solar declination, 1,368 W/m²
Z: Z) Solar azimuth, 999 W/m²
Answer: W) W) Solar constant, 1,368 W/m²
A heat engine operates between temperatures of 100 °C and 400 °C. The maximum possible efficiency of the engine is closest to which of the following? W) 25% X) 45% Y) 55% Z) 75%
W: W) 25%
X: X) 45%
Y: Y) 55%
Z: Z) 75%
Answer: X) X) 45%
What device can be constructed by supplying a wire wrapped in loops around an iron core with electrical current?
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Harry is exerting a force of 10 N on a box of mass 5 kg in the positive x-direction while Sally exerts a force of 15 N on the same box in the negative x-direction. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the box in m/s²? W) 0 X) 0.5 Y) 1 Z) 5
W: W) 0
X: X) 0.5
Y: Y) 1
Z: Z) 5
Answer: Y) Y) 1
Your average on your first three math tests was an 84. What is the minimum grade you need on the fourth test to have an average of 88 across all four tests? W) 90 X) 94 Y) 98 Z) 100
W: W) 90
X: X) 94
Y: Y) 98
Z: Z) 100
Answer: Z) Z) 100
Solve for x: $$2^{4x} = \frac{1}{16}$$.
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Which of the following events would lead to increased diversity in a population? W) Mutation X) Founder effect Y) Bottleneck event Z) Genetic drift
W: W) Mutation
X: X) Founder effect
Y: Y) Bottleneck event
Z: Z) Genetic drift
Answer: W) W) Mutation
Which of the following neurons would be capable of conducting an action potential more quickly than the rest? W) A myelinated nerve fiber with a narrow diameter X) A myelinated nerve fiber with a wide diameter Y) An unmyelinated nerve fiber with a wide diameter Z) An unmyelinated nerve fiber with a narrow diameter
W: W) A myelinated nerve fiber with a narrow diameter
X: X) A myelinated nerve fiber with a wide diameter
Y: Y) An unmyelinated nerve fiber with a wide diameter
Z: Z) An unmyelinated nerve fiber with a narrow diameter
Answer: X) X) A myelinated nerve fiber with a wide diameter
The Pleistocene megafauna is a set of species of large animals that lived on Earth during the Pleistocene epoch. Which of the following is not part of the Pleistocene megafauna? W) Dire wolf X) Pterodactyl Y) Saber-toothed cat Z) Mammoth
W: W) Dire wolf
X: X) Pterodactyl
Y: Y) Saber-toothed cat
Z: Z) Mammoth
Answer: X) X) Pterodactyl
Which of the following occurs for you to witness a partial solar eclipse? W) The umbra passes over you, but the penumbra does not X) Both the penumbra and umbra pass over you Y) The penumbra passes over you, but the umbra does not Z) Neither the penumbra nor the umbra pass over you
W: W) The umbra passes over you, but the penumbra does not
X: X) Both the penumbra and umbra pass over you
Y: Y) The penumbra passes over you, but the umbra does not
Z: Z) Neither the penumbra nor the umbra pass over you
Answer: Y) Y) The penumbra passes over you, but the umbra does not
Some people joke that California is going to “break off” from the rest of the United States because of its seismic activity. However, over geologic time, California is actually amassing more land. The Juan de Fuca plate and the continental plate under California are meeting at what kind of tectonic boundary?
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Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by a deletion of a gene on a chromosome? W) Edwards syndrome X) Down syndrome Y) Phenylketonuria Z) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
W: W) Edwards syndrome
X: X) Down syndrome
Y: Y) Phenylketonuria
Z: Z) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Answer: Z) Z) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
An isoelectronic series consists of a neutral atom, an anion, and a cation. Arrange them from the smallest radius to the largest radius.
Choices:
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Identify which of the following factors must be measured in order to apply Archimedes’ principle. W) Temperature of surrounding air X) Temperature of liquid in which an object is submerged Y) Surrounding air pressure Z) Density of liquid in which an object is submerged
W: W) Temperature of surrounding air
X: X) Temperature of liquid in which an object is submerged
Y: Y) Surrounding air pressure
Z: Z) Density of liquid in which an object is submerged
Answer: Z) Z) Density of liquid in which an object is submerged
The area of square B is 25% greater than the area of square A. If the area of square B is 80 square inches, then what is the length in inches of the perimeter of square A? W) 12 X) 16 Y) 32 Z) 64
W: W) 12
X: X) 16
Y: Y) 32
Z: Z) 64
Answer: Y) Y) 32
What is the sum of the first 50 terms of the arithmetic sequence with second term 11 and fifth term 29?
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Name two of the three major components of syngas.
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A resistive AC circuit supplied by a voltage of 120 V root-mean-squared dissipates 120 W of power. A secondary resistive circuit, identical to the first one, dissipates 180 W of power. What is a possible reason the second circuit dissipates more power than the first one? W) The power factor for circuit #2 is not equal to 1 X) The voltage source from circuit #2 contains harmonics Y) The higher power dissipation for circuit #2 occurs only during the transitory period Z) Parasitic losses are present in circuit #2
W: W) The power factor for circuit #2 is not equal to 1
X: X) The voltage source from circuit #2 contains harmonics
Y: Y) The higher power dissipation for circuit #2 occurs only during the transitory period
Z: Z) Parasitic losses are present in circuit #2
Answer: X) X) The voltage source from circuit #2 contains harmonics
Which of the following DNA mutations is most likely to occur? W) A to C X) A to T Y) A to U Z) A to G
W: W) A to C
X: X) A to T
Y: Y) A to U
Z: Z) A to G
Answer: Z) Z) A to G
By number, identify all of the following four characteristics that distinguish fungi from plants: 1) chitin in cell walls of fungi 2) fungi do not perform photosynthesis 3) fungi have hyphae 4) fungi do not have xylem
Choices:
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