MS Sample Set 12, Round 1 from NSB
Which of the following cellular components is present in eukaryotes, but not prokaryotes? W) Ribosome X) Nucleus Y) Vesicle Z) Cell wall
W: W) Ribosome
X: X) Nucleus
Y: Y) Vesicle
Z: Z) Cell wall
Answer: X) X) Nucleus
Which of the following best describes the pathway of aerobic respiration? W) Glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced X) Oxygen is oxidized and glucose is reduced Y) Both glucose and oxygen are oxidized Z) Both glucose and oxygen are reduced
W: W) Glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced
X: X) Oxygen is oxidized and glucose is reduced
Y: Y) Both glucose and oxygen are oxidized
Z: Z) Both glucose and oxygen are reduced
Answer: W) W) Glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced
Which of the following occurs at an ocean-continent convergent boundary? W) Two tectonic plates move away from each other X) Oceanic crust will subduct under continental crust Y) Continental crust will subduct under oceanic crust Z) Two tectonic plates slide past each other
W: W) Two tectonic plates move away from each other
X: X) Oceanic crust will subduct under continental crust
Y: Y) Continental crust will subduct under oceanic crust
Z: Z) Two tectonic plates slide past each other
Answer: X) X) Oceanic crust will subduct under continental crust
Seismic waves propagate through Earth's interior following an earthquake. Identify all of the following three phases of matter through which P-waves can propagate: 1) Solid; 2) Liquid; 3) Gas.
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Which of the following is not a possible type of triangle? W) Acute isosceles X) Acute scalene Y) Obtuse equilateral Z) Obtuse isosceles
W: W) Acute isosceles
X: X) Acute scalene
Y: Y) Obtuse equilateral
Z: Z) Obtuse isosceles
Answer: Y) Y) Obtuse equilateral
In the alternating arithmetic sequence with first three terms –7, 9, –11, what is the sum of the first 11 terms in the sequence?
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DOE researchers recently published a study showing that individuals who are overweight at midlife have an increased risk for what neurodegenerative disease that is commonly associated with tau fibrils and amyloid-beta plaques?
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Argonne National Lab researchers are studying colloids using high-powered microscopes. Which of the following is an example of a colloid? W) Energy drink X) Salt water Y) Soda Z) Milk
W: W) Energy drink
X: X) Salt water
Y: Y) Soda
Z: Z) Milk
Answer: Z) Z) Milk
The solar system’s asteroid belt is a group of asteroids orbiting together between the orbits of which two planets?
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Which of the following best describes the relationship between the velocity of a galaxy with its distance from the Earth? W) Linear X) Quadratic Y) Ternary Z) Quaternary
W: W) Linear
X: X) Quadratic
Y: Y) Ternary
Z: Z) Quaternary
Answer: W) W) Linear
Rutherford discovered that the nucleus contains what positively-charged particles?
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Which of the following best explains why clouds appear white, but liquid water is transparent? W) Interference X) Radiation Y) Scattering Z) Diffraction
W: W) Interference
X: X) Radiation
Y: Y) Scattering
Z: Z) Diffraction
Answer: Y) Y) Scattering
In mammals, what organ is composed of cardiac muscle tissue?
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Which of the following types of enzymes would most likely be involved in adding a water molecule to a substrate? W) Transferase X) Hydrolase Y) Oxidoreductase Z) Lyase
W: W) Transferase
X: X) Hydrolase
Y: Y) Oxidoreductase
Z: Z) Lyase
Answer: X) X) Hydrolase
What process occurs within the core of the Sun to produce heavy elements and energy from light elements?
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Identify all of the following three phases of the moon during which the tidal range is at a maximum: 1) New moon; 2) First quarter; 3) Full moon.
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Which of the following properties of water is most responsible for the tempering influence of the ocean on climate? W) Freezing point X) pH Y) Heat capacity Z) Density
W: W) Freezing point
X: X) pH
Y: Y) Heat capacity
Z: Z) Density
Answer: Y) Y) Heat capacity
What is the IUPAC name of AgNO₃?
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SunStop is a flexible film developed at the National Renewable Energy Lab that is capable of preventing what form of energy from entering a building through its windows? W) Acoustic waves X) Infrared light Y) Gamma radiation Z) Electricity
W: W) Acoustic waves
X: X) Infrared light
Y: Y) Gamma radiation
Z: Z) Electricity
Answer: X) X) Infrared light
Scientists at Argonne National Lab are studying liquid crystals that can be found in which of the following devices? W) Car engine X) External hard drive Y) Digital clock Z) Headphones
W: W) Car engine
X: X) External hard drive
Y: Y) Digital clock
Z: Z) Headphones
Answer: Y) Y) Digital clock
If m is an integer and 20m is divisible by 6, which of the following could be m? W) 2 X) 3 Y) 4 Z) 5
W: W) 2
X: X) 3
Y: Y) 4
Z: Z) 5
Answer: X) X) 3
What is the length of a space diagonal in a right rectangular prism with edges of lengths 5, 6, and 7?
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Which of the following energy transformations occurs in your muscles when you jump into the air? W) Thermal to kinetic X) Chemical to kinetic Y) Kinetic to chemical Z) Thermal to potential
W: W) Thermal to kinetic
X: X) Chemical to kinetic
Y: Y) Kinetic to chemical
Z: Z) Thermal to potential
Answer: X) X) Chemical to kinetic
Which of the following phases of matter can change shape, but is nearly incompressible? W) Gas X) Liquid Y) Solid Z) Plasma
W: W) Gas
X: X) Liquid
Y: Y) Solid
Z: Z) Plasma
Answer: X) X) Liquid
A liver cell is slowly dying because it cannot break down toxins. What organelle is likely defective in this cell? W) Golgi complex X) Mitochondria Y) Ribosome Z) Endoplasmic reticulum
W: W) Golgi complex
X: X) Mitochondria
Y: Y) Ribosome
Z: Z) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: Z) Z) Endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following terms best describes groups of rabbits, foxes, deer, and birds living in a temperate deciduous forest? W) Population X) Community Y) Habitat Z) Niche
W: W) Population
X: X) Community
Y: Y) Habitat
Z: Z) Niche
Answer: X) X) Community
Sam completely fills a box with sand. The box is a right rectangular prism measuring 2 feet by 16 feet by 2 feet. His friend Max has a box in the shape of a cube. Max takes the sand from Sam’s box and dumps it into his cube, exactly filling it. How many feet tall is Max’s box?
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Give one of the linear factors of $6x^2 – 31x + 35$.
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Which of the following is considered a mineral? W) Pearl X) Coal Y) Ice Z) Peat
W: W) Pearl
X: X) Coal
Y: Y) Ice
Z: Z) Peat
Answer: Y) Y) Ice
Identify all of the following three glacial features that provide information about the direction a glacier flowed: 1) Striations; 2) Drumlins; 3) Basal slip.
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Dry ice is the solid form of what molecule?
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Identify all of the following three quantities that can be determined about a particular atomic nucleus with only the name of the element and the periodic table: 1) Mass number; 2) Atomic mass; 3) Atomic number.
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If x and y are directly proportional, and x is 7 when y is 13, what is x when y is 39?
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Fifty students at Maple Grove Academy take French or Spanish. If 10 take both and 25 take French, how many take Spanish but not French?
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Most metabolic pathways in biology are regulated so that the product of a pathway inhibits the enzymes in that pathway. What is this inhibition scheme called?
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Which of the following types of joints can be found in the knuckles of a human index finger? W) Saddle X) Pivot Y) Gliding Z) Ellipsoid
W: W) Saddle
X: X) Pivot
Y: Y) Gliding
Z: Z) Ellipsoid
Answer: Z) Z) Ellipsoid
In our solar system, what planet has the fastest orbital velocity around the Sun?
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Crater counting is a method that can be used to estimate what feature of a moon or planet? W) Age X) Composition Y) Mass Z) Orbital velocity
W: W) Age
X: X) Composition
Y: Y) Mass
Z: Z) Orbital velocity
Answer: W) W) Age
Researchers at the Joint BioEnergy Institute are improving the efficiency of the biofuel cycle. What is the name of the step of this cycle during which bacteria are used to convert monosaccharides to ethanol?
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Scientists at Brookhaven National Lab are studying catalysts for the conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol. What general type of reaction is this? W) Synthesis X) Redox Y) Single replacement Z) Decomposition
W: W) Synthesis
X: X) Redox
Y: Y) Single replacement
Z: Z) Decomposition
Answer: X) X) Redox
Two cross-country runners want to finish their 5-kilometer practice run at the same time. The runners run at rates covering one kilometer in 5.5 minutes and 7.5 minutes, respectively. How many minutes of head start should the faster runner give the slower runner?
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What is the length of the hypotenuse of the right triangle with vertices at (4, 4), (10, 4), and (4, 8)?
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What cellular organelle is responsible for forming proteins from amino acids?
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What is the general term for cells that have half as many chromosomes as diploid cells?
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In kilogram-meters per second, what is the momentum of a 20-kilogram cart traveling at 3 meters per second?
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Aside from momentum, what other general physical quantity can be expressed with the units of kilogram-meters per second?
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