HS Sample Set 12, Round 13 from NSB
Researchers at the DOE’s Joint Genome Institute recently performed a transcriptomic analysis on mycorrhizal fungi to understand their mechanisms of drought adaptation. Which of the following procedures was integral to this analysis? W) Measured numbers of RNAs for all of the fungal genes X) Sequenced the fungi’s DNA Y) Measured the levels of every fungal protein Z) Sequenced all of the fungi’s proteins
W: W) Measured numbers of RNAs for all of the fungal genes
X: X) Sequenced the fungi’s DNA
Y: Y) Measured the levels of every fungal protein
Z: Z) Sequenced all of the fungi’s proteins
Answer: W) W) Measured numbers of RNAs for all of the fungal genes
SLAC scientists recently published a surprising study in which they discovered that applying small amounts of pressure to platinum or lithium cobalt oxide increased the material's catalytic efficiency. Identify all of the following three devices to which this discovery is relevant: 1) Fuel cells; 2) Batteries; 3) Capacitors.
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One vector has a magnitude of six meters, and the other has a magnitude of three meters. The magnitude of their vector product is 0.556. Which of the following is true of this system? W) The angle between the vectors is 33.7 degrees X) The angle between the vectors is 146.3 degrees Y) The scalar product is 19.9 meters Z) There is not enough information to determine the angle or the scalar product
W: W) The angle between the vectors is 33.7 degrees
X: X) The angle between the vectors is 146.3 degrees
Y: Y) The scalar product is 19.9 meters
Z: Z) There is not enough information to determine the angle or the scalar product
Answer: Z) Z) There is not enough information to determine the angle or the scalar product
The root-mean-square voltage of AC power in the United States is 120 volts. In volts and to two significant figures, what is its amplitude?
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What is the sum of the largest prime number less than 50 and the smallest prime number greater than 50?
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A regular 15-sided polygon is inscribed in a circle with radius 6. Which of the following is the length of one of its sides? W) 6 sine 24° X) 6 cosine 24° Y) 12 sine 12° Z) 12 cosine 12°
W: W) 6 sine 24°
X: X) 6 cosine 24°
Y: Y) 12 sine 12°
Z: Z) 12 cosine 12°
Answer: Y) Y) 12 sine 12°
What cells in plants function similarly to embryonic stem cells in animals?
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The adenovirus capsid is shaped like what platonic solid?
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Nylon is a polymer formed by condensation reactions of diamines and dicarboxylic acids. What functional group is formed by this reaction? W) Alcohol X) Nitrile Y) Ester Z) Amide
W: W) Alcohol
X: X) Nitrile
Y: Y) Ester
Z: Z) Amide
Answer: Z) Z) Amide
Identify all of the following three organic compounds that can be used as strong bases in a chemical reaction: 1) Pyridinium chloro-chromate; 2) Oxolane; 3) DMSO.
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Which of the following methods of determining distances to celestial objects is useful for the greatest distances? W) Stellar parallax X) Hubble’s law Y) Variable stars Z) Radar ranging
W: W) Stellar parallax
X: X) Hubble’s law
Y: Y) Variable stars
Z: Z) Radar ranging
Answer: X) X) Hubble’s law
As a planet with a circular orbit revolves around a star, how many of its five Lagrangian points will also move?
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Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are studying how mechanical tension from proteins anchored at the nuclear membrane changes gene expression by imaging what collection of external fibrous glycoproteins that provide structural and biochemical support to an animal cell?
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Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Lab tested theoretical predictions of the rate of crystallization of metastable liquid water at temperatures well below 0 °C. Which of the following is true of the crystallization of supercooled water in this regime? W) Water gains enthalpy and entropy, but loses Gibbs free energy X) Water gains enthalpy, but loses entropy and Gibbs free energy Y) Water gains entropy, but loses enthalpy and Gibbs free energy Z) Water gains entropy, loses enthalpy, and its Gibbs free energy stays constant
W: W) Water gains enthalpy and entropy, but loses Gibbs free energy
X: X) Water gains enthalpy, but loses entropy and Gibbs free energy
Y: Y) Water gains entropy, but loses enthalpy and Gibbs free energy
Z: Z) Water gains entropy, loses enthalpy, and its Gibbs free energy stays constant
Answer: Y) Y) Water gains entropy, but loses enthalpy and Gibbs free energy
The graph of the function f(x) lies in the third quadrant. The function g(x) equals –2 f(x). In what quadrant does the graph of the function f(x) + g(x) lie?
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Two complex numbers have absolute values of √2 and 3√2, and angles of 57° and 35°, respectively. What are the absolute value and the angle degree measure of their product?
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Which of the following is NOT true of stellar evolution and the HR diagram? W) White dwarfs occupy the lower left region of the HR diagram X) The sun falls on the main sequence Y) The instability strip falls below the main sequence Z) The Hayashi track is a pre-main-sequence phase of stellar evolution
W: W) White dwarfs occupy the lower left region of the HR diagram
X: X) The sun falls on the main sequence
Y: Y) The instability strip falls below the main sequence
Z: Z) The Hayashi track is a pre-main-sequence phase of stellar evolution
Answer: Y) Y) The instability strip falls below the main sequence
Identify all of the following three statements that are true of neutron stars: 1) The paired neutron material can be considered a superfluid; 2) Neutron star crust contains degenerate electrons; 3) Neutron stars are supported by degeneracy pressure.
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In what phylum is an octopus classified?
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In an indirect immunofluorescence experiment, which of the following would be most useful for imaging a protein that is first probed with a rabbit antibody? W) goat-anti-rabbit RFP X) goat-anti-rabbit cAMP Y) rabbit-anti-goat GFP Z) goat-anti-mouse GFP
W: W) goat-anti-rabbit RFP
X: X) goat-anti-rabbit cAMP
Y: Y) rabbit-anti-goat GFP
Z: Z) goat-anti-mouse GFP
Answer: W) W) goat-anti-rabbit RFP
Doug pushes a 7-kilogram box up a 30° ramp onto the bed of a truck, which is 3 meters above the ground. In joules and rounded to the nearest 10, how much work did he do?
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According to Noether’s Theorem, the conservation of angular momentum is related to what kind of spatial symmetry?
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A student observes the dimerization of a solution of cyclopentadiene. Assuming the reaction is second-order in cyclopentadiene, which of the following will she observe as she continues to monitor the reaction? W) The rate increases X) The rate remains constant Y) The half-life increases Z) The half-life remains constant
W: W) The rate increases
X: X) The rate remains constant
Y: Y) The half-life increases
Z: Z) The half-life remains constant
Answer: Y) Y) The half-life increases
Consider a gas-phase reaction where ΔH < ΔU. If the reaction is at equilibrium, which of the following changes will ALWAYS shift the reaction mixture to the right? W) Increasing the temperature X) Decreasing the temperature Y) Increasing the volume Z) Decreasing the volume
W: W) Increasing the temperature
X: X) Decreasing the temperature
Y: Y) Increasing the volume
Z: Z) Decreasing the volume
Answer: Z) Z) Decreasing the volume
What property is exhibited by genes that have multiple phenotypic effects?
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White flowers with a long, narrow corolla tube that flower at night are most likely pollinated by what animals? W) Beetles X) Birds Y) Bats Z) Moths
W: W) Beetles
X: X) Birds
Y: Y) Bats
Z: Z) Moths
Answer: Z) Z) Moths
EXO-200 is a SLAC-supported experiment attempting to determine if anti-neutrinos and neutrinos are the same particle. They are doing this by observing the double beta decay of what noble gas?
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Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab are using computer simulations to better understand the stability of calcium-52, which is inadequately described by current theories. Despite having completely filled a nucleon shell, calcium-52 does not appear to behave like what set of nuclei?
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Which of the following pairs of tectonic plates does NOT constitute a primarily convergent boundary? W) North American and Cocos plates X) South American and Nazca plates Y) African and Eurasian plates Z) Pacific and Antarctic plates
W: W) North American and Cocos plates
X: X) South American and Nazca plates
Y: Y) African and Eurasian plates
Z: Z) Pacific and Antarctic plates
Answer: Z) Z) Pacific and Antarctic plates
Identify all of the following three geologic principles that are Steno’s Laws: 1) Law of original horizontality; 2) Law of superposition; 3) Law of faunal succession.
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The statement that magnetic monopoles do not exist in classical physics is most equivalent to which of the following statements? W) The magnetic field has a divergence of zero X) The electric field has a divergence related to total charge density Y) A changing magnetic field will induce an electromotive force in a closed loop Z) A moving charge will induce a magnetic field
W: W) The magnetic field has a divergence of zero
X: X) The electric field has a divergence related to total charge density
Y: Y) A changing magnetic field will induce an electromotive force in a closed loop
Z: Z) A moving charge will induce a magnetic field
Answer: W) W) The magnetic field has a divergence of zero
Identify all of the following three particles that have a color charge of zero: 1) Free neutron; 2) Free proton; 3) Electron.
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What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the chemical formula Ni(CO)₄?
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Consider a zero-order reaction with a single aqueous reactant A. If the initial concentration of A is 1 M and the half-life at this time is 10 s, how many seconds will elapse before the concentration of A is 0.25 M?
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What is the integral from –3 to 6 of 4 dx?
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If the probability of event A is 0.4, the probability of event B is 0.6, and the probability of both A and B occurring is 0.3, what is the probability of event A given that B has already occurred?
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What is the adjective for the specialized type of fruit in which the fruit develops from several flowers, of which pineapples are an example?
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Identify all of the following three responses that are activities of the parasympathetic division of the nervous system: 1) Bronchi relaxation in lungs; 2) Heart-rate acceleration; 3) Stimulation of the adrenal medulla.
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Positron-emission tomography is a medical technique that involves the dosing of a patient with a fluorinated analog of what biochemically important molecule?
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Rank the following three types of interactions in increasing order of energy cost in a conformational analysis of the C₂–C₃ bond in butane: 1) H–H eclipsed overlap; 2) CH₃–CH₃ eclipsed overlap; 3) H–CH₃ eclipsed overlap.
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What mineral can be found on the continuous branch of Bowen's reaction series?
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Identify all of the following three statements that are true regarding winds: 1) In general, winds at the equator flow west; 2) Air rising from the equator sinks around 5° north and south latitudes; 3) At 30° south latitude, the sinking air generally yields clear skies.
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What is the discriminant of the quadratic function \(y = x^2 - 5x + 9\)?
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In a circle with radius 6, what is the area of a circular segment defined by an arc of 60°?
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A propeller is accelerating at 2.5 rad/s². After 4 seconds, it has rotated through 80 radians. What was the initial angular velocity, in rad/s, at the beginning of the 4 seconds?
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A beam of light is traveling inside a solid cube of a material with an index of refraction of 1.414. If the cube is in air, what is the measure, to the nearest degree, of the minimum angle to the normal inside the glass so that the beam of light will not enter the air?
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