MS Sample Set 6, Round 15 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following terms describes the ability of a mutation in gene X to affect the expression of gene Y? W) Pleiotropy X) Epistasis Y) Codominance Z) Incomplete dominance

W: W) Pleiotropy

X: X) Epistasis

Y: Y) Codominance

Z: Z) Incomplete dominance

Answer: X) X) Epistasis

BONUS bio phrase

In glaucoma, what liquid substance in the eye is prevented from draining due to blocked ducts?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Aqueous humor

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is the function of the carbon rod that runs down the center of a dry cell? W) To create resistance X) To keep the chemical paste moist Y) To conduct electrons between materials involved in the chemical reaction Z) To break a circuit if it overheats

W: W) To create resistance

X: X) To keep the chemical paste moist

Y: Y) To conduct electrons between materials involved in the chemical reaction

Z: Z) To break a circuit if it overheats

Answer: Y) Y) To conduct electrons between materials involved in the chemical reaction

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following ions has the smallest radius? W) Lithium ion X) Beryllium ion Y) Nitride Z) Fluoride

W: W) Lithium ion

X: X) Beryllium ion

Y: Y) Nitride

Z: Z) Fluoride

Answer: X) X) Beryllium ion

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

A certain molecule from the human body is broken down and is found to contain significant amounts of phosphorus. Which of the following is this molecule most likely to be? W) A strand of RNA X) A polypeptide Y) A fatty acid Z) A glycogen molecule

W: W) A strand of RNA

X: X) A polypeptide

Y: Y) A fatty acid

Z: Z) A glycogen molecule

Answer: W) W) A strand of RNA

BONUS general multiple_choice

Over the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean during an El Niño event, which of the following changes occur in sea surface temperature and atmospheric pressure? W) Sea surface temperature is cooler than average and barometric pressure is lower than average X) Sea surface temperature is warmer than average and barometric pressure is higher than average Y) Sea surface temperature is warmer than average and barometric pressure is lower than average Z) Sea surface temperature is cooler than average and barometric pressure is higher than average

W: W) Sea surface temperature is cooler than average and barometric pressure is lower than average

X: X) Sea surface temperature is warmer than average and barometric pressure is higher than average

Y: Y) Sea surface temperature is warmer than average and barometric pressure is lower than average

Z: Z) Sea surface temperature is cooler than average and barometric pressure is higher than average

Answer: Y) Y) Sea surface temperature is warmer than average and barometric pressure is lower than average

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following minerals is capable of scratching garnet? W) Gold X) Corundum Y) Apatite Z) Pyrite

W: W) Gold

X: X) Corundum

Y: Y) Apatite

Z: Z) Pyrite

Answer: X) X) Corundum

BONUS ess phrase

What kind of foliated metamorphic rock with a lustrous silver-colored and sometimes wrinkled surface is made up of very finely-grained mica?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Phyllite

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the numerical value of $$85^2$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7225

BONUS math phrase

Three fair standard dice are rolled. Given that one of the numbers rolled is even, as a fraction in lowest terms, what is the probability that at least two of them are even?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4/7

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is the typical operating voltage of a fuel cell? W) 0.28 X) 0.7 Y) 1.4 Z) 12.5

W: W) 0.28

X: X) 0.7

Y: Y) 1.4

Z: Z) 12.5

Answer: X) X) 0.7

BONUS energy order

By number, order the following four alkali metal halides from least to greatest lattice energies: 1) lithium fluoride; 2) sodium chloride; 3) potassium bromide; 4) rubidium iodide.

Choices:

  • lithium fluoride
  • sodium chloride
  • potassium bromide
  • rubidium iodide

Correct Order:

  • 4
  • 3
  • 2
  • 1

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following characteristics will NOT help distinguish monocots from dicots? W) Number of flower petals X) Leaf pattern Y) Differences in mesophyll Z) Vascular bundle anatomy

W: W) Number of flower petals

X: X) Leaf pattern

Y: Y) Differences in mesophyll

Z: Z) Vascular bundle anatomy

Answer: Y) Y) Differences in mesophyll

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT generally inhibitory? W) Glutamate X) GABA Y) Glycine Z) Serotonin

W: W) Glutamate

X: X) GABA

Y: Y) Glycine

Z: Z) Serotonin

Answer: W) W) Glutamate

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the name of the principle that states that no more than two electrons can occupy any one orbital, and that if two electrons occupy the same orbital, then their spins must be paired?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Pauli exclusion

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following acids has the smallest dipole moment? W) Hydroiodic X) Hydrobromic Y) Hydrochloric Z) Hydrofluoric

W: W) Hydroiodic

X: X) Hydrobromic

Y: Y) Hydrochloric

Z: Z) Hydrofluoric

Answer: W) W) Hydroiodic

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

A bat is pursuing a moth using echolocation. The velocity of the bat is 2 meters per second north, and the velocity of the moth is 1.5 meters per second north. If the bat emits a call at a given frequency, which of the following will happen to the frequency of the returning echo? W) It will be higher than the sound of the original call X) It will be the same as the sound of the original call Y) It will be lower than the frequency of the returning call Z) Such a relationship cannot be determined without knowing the distance between the bat and the moth

W: W) It will be higher than the sound of the original call

X: X) It will be the same as the sound of the original call

Y: Y) It will be lower than the frequency of the returning call

Z: Z) Such a relationship cannot be determined without knowing the distance between the bat and the moth

Answer: W) W) It will be higher than the sound of the original call

BONUS general phrase

Given that hemophilia is a sex-linked trait, in a cross between a man with hemophilia and a female carrier, what percentage of their female offspring will be afflicted with hemophilia?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 50%

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Peridotite and dunite have which of the following compositions? W) Felsic X) Intermediate Y) Ultramafic Z) Mafic

W: W) Felsic

X: X) Intermediate

Y: Y) Ultramafic

Z: Z) Mafic

Answer: Y) Y) Ultramafic

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following elements is able to escape Earth’s gravitational field in significant amounts? W) Radon X) Argon Y) Oxygen Z) Hydrogen

W: W) Radon

X: X) Argon

Y: Y) Oxygen

Z: Z) Hydrogen

Answer: Z) Z) Hydrogen

TOSS-UP math phrase

In simplest radical form, what is $$\frac{\sqrt{4}}{2\sqrt{20}}$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$\frac{\sqrt{5}}{10}$$

BONUS math phrase

What is the least common multiple of 20, 24, and 28?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 840

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following does the elastic rebound theory describe? W) The build up and release of stress during an earthquake X) The fluctuations in groundwater prior to an earthquake Y) The formation of mountain ranges by successive earthquakes Z) The strength of an earthquake

W: W) The build up and release of stress during an earthquake

X: X) The fluctuations in groundwater prior to an earthquake

Y: Y) The formation of mountain ranges by successive earthquakes

Z: Z) The strength of an earthquake

Answer: W) W) The build up and release of stress during an earthquake

BONUS energy multiple_choice

In which of the following are the term and its description accurately matched? W) Rockfalls – large blocks of bedrock break off a cliff face and tumble downslope X) Earthslides – heavy rainfall saturates the soil, which under the extra weight breaks loose and becomes a slurry that takes everything with it Y) Slumps – masses of soil moving down a slip face, usually the top of the bedrock Z) Debris flows – the rotation of a cohesive unit of soil or rock down a slip surface

W: W) Rockfalls – large blocks of bedrock break off a cliff face and tumble downslope

X: X) Earthslides – heavy rainfall saturates the soil, which under the extra weight breaks loose and becomes a slurry that takes everything with it

Y: Y) Slumps – masses of soil moving down a slip face, usually the top of the bedrock

Z: Z) Debris flows – the rotation of a cohesive unit of soil or rock down a slip surface

Answer: W) W) Rockfalls – large blocks of bedrock break off a cliff face and tumble downslope

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

In a heart transplant patient, which of the following cells causes transplant rejection by attacking the heart? W) B X) T Y) Macrophage Z) Antigen-presenting

W: W) B

X: X) T

Y: Y) Macrophage

Z: Z) Antigen-presenting

Answer: X) X) T

BONUS bio multiple_choice

The process of Gram straining bacteria can be used to classify bacteria based on the structure of which of the following organelles? W) Cell wall X) Cell membrane Y) Ribosome Z) Pilus

W: W) Cell wall

X: X) Cell membrane

Y: Y) Ribosome

Z: Z) Pilus

Answer: W) W) Cell wall

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Novarupta eruption of 1912? W) It became the most powerful volcanic eruption of the 20th century X) It erupted for about 60 hours Y) It created the world’s most extensive ignimbrite Z) It originated at Mount Katmai

W: W) It became the most powerful volcanic eruption of the 20th century

X: X) It erupted for about 60 hours

Y: Y) It created the world’s most extensive ignimbrite

Z: Z) It originated at Mount Katmai

Answer: Z) Z) It originated at Mount Katmai

BONUS ess phrase

The gyroradius of a charged particle describes the radius of the circular motion the particle executes as it gyrates around what?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Magnetic field line
  • Magnetic field

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In the life cycle of a moss, what generation is always composed of a leafy and usually green stage?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Gametophyte
  • 1N

BONUS bio phrase

Flower color is determined by two alleles, R for red and w for white. Flower color exhibits incomplete dominance, meaning a flower with genotype Rw will be pink in color. If a pink flower and a white flower are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will become red?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0%

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

When an object reaches terminal velocity, the net force on the object becomes zero and the object will do which of the following? W) Slow down X) Stop accelerating Y) Speed up Z) Stop falling

W: W) Slow down

X: X) Stop accelerating

Y: Y) Speed up

Z: Z) Stop falling

Answer: X) X) Stop accelerating

BONUS phys phrase

How much work in joules is done if a load is pushed with 40 newtons of force over a distance of 35 meters?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1400

TOSS-UP general multiselect

Identify all of the following four organisms which may be considered benthic during at least part of their lives: 1) snail; 2) dinoflagellates; 3) shark; 4) jellyfish.

Choices:

  • snail
  • dinoflagellates
  • shark
  • jellyfish

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 4

BONUS general phrase

What is the name of the equation that biologists use to calculate the frequencies of alleles in a population?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Hardy–Weinberg

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is true about the crustal magnetic fields of Mars? W) They protect the areas near them from space weathering X) They merge to create a very weak global magnetic field Y) They only cover the polar caps Z) They only cover craters

W: W) They protect the areas near them from space weathering

X: X) They merge to create a very weak global magnetic field

Y: Y) They only cover the polar caps

Z: Z) They only cover craters

Answer: W) W) They protect the areas near them from space weathering

BONUS ess phrase

What is the term for the ability, most commonly observed in birds, to detect a magnetic field to perceive direction, altitude, or location?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Magnetoception
  • Magnetoreception

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following lists is NOT the beginning of an arithmetic sequence? W) -1, 0, 1, 2 X) 3, 5, 7, 9 Y) 3, 6, 12, 24 Z) 8, 6, 4, 2

W: W) -1, 0, 1, 2

X: X) 3, 5, 7, 9

Y: Y) 3, 6, 12, 24

Z: Z) 8, 6, 4, 2

Answer: Y) Y) 3, 6, 12, 24

BONUS math multiple_choice

Which of the following real-number functions is continuous at \(x = -1\)? W) \(\frac{x+1}{x^3+1}\) X) \(\frac{15}{x+1}\) Y) \(\frac{x^2 + 3x + 5}{x^2 + 3x - 4}\) Z) \(\sqrt{x^3 - 7}\)

W: W) \(\frac{x+1}{x^3+1}\)

X: X) \(\frac{15}{x+1}\)

Y: Y) \(\frac{x^2 + 3x + 5}{x^2 + 3x - 4}\)

Z: Z) \(\sqrt{x^3 - 7}\)

Answer: Y) Y) \(\frac{x^2 + 3x + 5}{x^2 + 3x - 4}\)

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Tesla coils? W) They take DC current and step it up to extremely high voltages X) Voltages are discharged in the form of electrical arcs Y) They can create powerful electric fields Z) Some Tesla coils can wirelessly light up fluorescent lights up to 50 feet away

W: W) They take DC current and step it up to extremely high voltages

X: X) Voltages are discharged in the form of electrical arcs

Y: Y) They can create powerful electric fields

Z: Z) Some Tesla coils can wirelessly light up fluorescent lights up to 50 feet away

Answer: W) W) They take DC current and step it up to extremely high voltages

BONUS energy phrase

Match the terms conduction, convection, and radiation with the three following scenarios: 1) occurs between a stove and a pot; 2) occurs in a microwave oven cooking your dinner; 3) can cause wind.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1 = Conduction; 2 = Radiation; 3 = Convection

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

As an adaptation to arid environments, Crassulacean acid metabolizing (CAM) plants open their stomata during the night and close them during the day. Which of the following is a CAM plant? W) Corn X) Apple Y) Sugarcane Z) Pineapple

W: W) Corn

X: X) Apple

Y: Y) Sugarcane

Z: Z) Pineapple

Answer: Z) Z) Pineapple

BONUS bio phrase

What biome generally has the following five characteristics: 1) mild temperatures; 2) abundant precipitation in the fall, winter, and spring; 3) dominant plants of Douglas fir, Sitka spruce, and Western hemlock; 4) rocky acidic soils; and 5) dominant wildlife of elk, deer, and bears?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Northwestern coniferous forest
  • Coniferous forest
  • Taiga

TOSS-UP phys phrase

To the nearest Kelvin, at what temperature are the Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales equal?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 233

BONUS phys multiple_choice

If 90 grams of metal has a volume of 8.7 cubic centimeters, which of the following metals is it? W) Lead, with a specific gravity of 11.3 X) Silver, with a specific gravity of 10.3 Y) Nickel, with a specific gravity of 8.9 Z) Tin, with a specific gravity of 7.3

W: W) Lead, with a specific gravity of 11.3

X: X) Silver, with a specific gravity of 10.3

Y: Y) Nickel, with a specific gravity of 8.9

Z: Z) Tin, with a specific gravity of 7.3

Answer: X) X) Silver, with a specific gravity of 10.3

TOSS-UP general phrase

The fact that a plant blooms and sets fruits at the same time each year is explained by what process?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Photoperiodism

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following geologic eras contains the greatest number of periods? W) Mesozoic X) Paleozoic Y) Cenozoic Z) Paleoproterozoic

W: W) Mesozoic

X: X) Paleozoic

Y: Y) Cenozoic

Z: Z) Paleoproterozoic

Answer: X) X) Paleozoic

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following layers within the Earth is undergoing convection? W) Lithosphere X) Crust Y) Asthenosphere Z) Inner core

W: W) Lithosphere

X: X) Crust

Y: Y) Asthenosphere

Z: Z) Inner core

Answer: Y) Y) Asthenosphere

BONUS ess multiple_choice

In trying to identify an unknown rock, you place a drop of hydrochloric acid on the rock and note that it fizzes. Which of the following is likely to be the rock? W) Granite X) Pumice Y) Limestone Z) Schist

W: W) Granite

X: X) Pumice

Y: Y) Limestone

Z: Z) Schist

Answer: Y) Y) Limestone

TOSS-UP math phrase

Artie has quarters and dimes in his pocket. The number of dimes is one more than twice the number of quarters. The probability of randomly picking a quarter from his pocket is \( \tfrac{1}{4} \). How many dimes are in his pocket?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

BONUS math phrase

The areas on three sides of a box are 6 square inches, 14 square inches, and 21 square inches, respectively. What is the volume of the box in cubic inches?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 42