MS Sample Set 5, Round 9 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following terms characterizes DNA replication? W) Conservative X) Parallel Y) Dispersive Z) Semiconservative

W: W) Conservative

X: X) Parallel

Y: Y) Dispersive

Z: Z) Semiconservative

Answer: Z) Z) Semiconservative

BONUS general phrase

What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that a molecule of water can form with neighboring water molecules?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

TOSS-UP math phrase

How many x-intercepts are there in the parabola with the equation $y = 7x^2 + 4x + 12$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0

BONUS math phrase

What is the greatest integer less than or equal to $\log_3(200)$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following BEST describes electrostatic induction? W) It is caused by the influence of nearby charged objects X) It occurs between two charged objects Y) It transfers electrons from a charged object to a neutral object Z) It produces voltage across a conductor by means of a magnetic field

W: W) It is caused by the influence of nearby charged objects

X: X) It occurs between two charged objects

Y: Y) It transfers electrons from a charged object to a neutral object

Z: Z) It produces voltage across a conductor by means of a magnetic field

Answer: W) W) It is caused by the influence of nearby charged objects

BONUS phys phrase

What two natural amino acids contain sulfur?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Cysteine; Methionine

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following elements is responsible for stimulating muscle contractions? W) Iron X) Potassium Y) Calcium Z) Phosphorus

W: W) Iron

X: X) Potassium

Y: Y) Calcium

Z: Z) Phosphorus

Answer: Y) Y) Calcium

BONUS bio multiple_choice

What makes the phosphorus cycle unique from the nitrogen, carbon, or oxygen cycles? W) It does not involve animals X) It is very short Y) It only occurs in rocks or soils Z) It does not significantly involve the atmosphere

W: W) It does not involve animals

X: X) It is very short

Y: Y) It only occurs in rocks or soils

Z: Z) It does not significantly involve the atmosphere

Answer: Z) Z) It does not significantly involve the atmosphere

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following characterizes a muscle fiber? W) A multinucleate cell X) A single-nucleus cell Y) A bundle of single-nucleus cells Z) Non-cellular tissue

W: W) A multinucleate cell

X: X) A single-nucleus cell

Y: Y) A bundle of single-nucleus cells

Z: Z) Non-cellular tissue

Answer: W) W) A multinucleate cell

BONUS general phrase

In a tidal river, during which phase or phases of the Moon will the salt water travel the furthest up river?

Acceptable Answers:

  • New Moon; Full Moon

TOSS-UP phys phrase

In chemistry, what is the term for the settling of particles or sediment from a solution, suspension, or mixture onto a pre-existing surface?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Deposition

BONUS phys phrase

Name the four elements found in all amino acids.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Carbon; Hydrogen; Oxygen; Nitrogen

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is the site where small and large subunits of ribosomes are assembled? W) Nucleolus X) Nucleoplasm Y) Golgi body Z) Nucleus

W: W) Nucleolus

X: X) Nucleoplasm

Y: Y) Golgi body

Z: Z) Nucleus

Answer: W) W) Nucleolus

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is the role of DNA ligase in DNA replication? W) Joining the 3′ end of the DNA that replaces the primer to the rest of the sequence X) Unwinding the parental DNA strand Y) Relieving strain caused by over-winding the DNA strand Z) Synthesis of an RNA primer

W: W) Joining the 3′ end of the DNA that replaces the primer to the rest of the sequence

X: X) Unwinding the parental DNA strand

Y: Y) Relieving strain caused by over-winding the DNA strand

Z: Z) Synthesis of an RNA primer

Answer: W) W) Joining the 3′ end of the DNA that replaces the primer to the rest of the sequence

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is the lowest atomic number above which all elements are synthetic? W) 90 X) 92 Y) 95 Z) 100

W: W) 90

X: X) 92

Y: Y) 95

Z: Z) 100

Answer: X) X) 92

BONUS phys phrase

Assuming that $g = 10\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$ and providing your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth, calculate the coefficient of friction for a $50\ \mathrm{kg}$ box which experiences a force of $200\ \mathrm{N}$ of friction being pulled at constant velocity across a level surface.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.4

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Assuming the potential difference remains constant, if the resistance of a circuit is doubled, which of the following will happen to the power dissipation? W) It will increase X) It will be zero Y) It will decrease by a fourth Z) It will be halved

W: W) It will increase

X: X) It will be zero

Y: Y) It will decrease by a fourth

Z: Z) It will be halved

Answer: Z) Z) It will be halved

BONUS energy order

By name or number, rank the following four kinds of coal in increasing order of alteration: 1) lignite; 2) bituminous; 3) anthracite; 4) sub-bituminous.

Choices:

  • Lignite
  • Bituminous
  • Anthracite
  • Sub-bituminous

Correct Order:

  • 1
  • 4
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the smallest angle of rotational symmetry possible in an equilateral triangle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 120

BONUS math phrase

The graph of the equation $y = 3x^2 - 2x + 4$ is translated 3 units to the left and 4 units up. What is the equation of the new graph in standard polynomial form?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $y = 3x^2 + 16x + 29$

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the prevailing wind direction between 9° and 25° north in the trade-wind belt of the Pacific Ocean?

Acceptable Answers:

  • East-northeast
  • Northeasterly

BONUS ess phrase

A rock contains a radioactive substance with a half-life of 15,000 years. After 87.5% has decayed, how many years have passed?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 45,000

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following demonstrates Bernoulli’s principle? W) Slower-moving fluid causing lower pressure X) Still fluid causing lower pressure Y) Faster-moving fluid causing higher pressure Z) Faster-moving fluid causing lower pressure

W: W) Slower-moving fluid causing lower pressure

X: X) Still fluid causing lower pressure

Y: Y) Faster-moving fluid causing higher pressure

Z: Z) Faster-moving fluid causing lower pressure

Answer: Z) Z) Faster-moving fluid causing lower pressure

BONUS phys multiselect

By name or number, identify all of the following three longitudinal wave forms that correspond to transverse wave crests and troughs: 1) relaxations; 2) compressions; 3) rarefactions.

Choices:

  • Relaxations
  • Compressions
  • Rarefactions

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Water ice is NOT thought to be present on which of the following celestial bodies? W) Mars X) Venus Y) Earth’s moon Z) Europa

W: W) Mars

X: X) Venus

Y: Y) Earth’s moon

Z: Z) Europa

Answer: X) X) Venus

BONUS ess phrase

In what geologic eras, respectively, were the following three geologic periods: 1) Siderian; 2) Jurassic; 3) Paleogene?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Paleoproterozoic; Mesozoic; Cenozoic

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Transformers are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, stated by which of the following laws? W) Faraday’s X) Ampère’s Y) Biot-Savart’s Z) Lenz’s

W: W) Faraday’s

X: X) Ampère’s

Y: Y) Biot-Savart’s

Z: Z) Lenz’s

Answer: W) W) Faraday’s

BONUS energy phrase

If you have a mass of 200 kg traveling at a velocity of 3 m/s, what is the kinetic energy of the mass in joules?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 900

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following plant cell components is responsible for making a connection between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells? W) Peroxisome X) Microfilaments Y) Plasmodesmata Z) Centrosome

W: W) Peroxisome

X: X) Microfilaments

Y: Y) Plasmodesmata

Z: Z) Centrosome

Answer: Y) Y) Plasmodesmata

BONUS bio multiselect

By number, identify all of the following five characteristics which are TRUE of lancelets: 1) they are filter feeders; 2) they have an open circulatory system; 3) their blood is colorless; 4) they have no heart; 5) they have a tail.

Choices:

  • They are filter feeders
  • They have an open circulatory system
  • Their blood is colorless
  • They have no heart
  • They have a tail

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify $12 + (\sqrt{25} - \sqrt{16})^2$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 13

BONUS math phrase

Sam pays \$33 each for 47 watches. How many must he sell for \$37 each to begin making a profit?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 42

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the term for an invasive malignant tumor that consists of transformed epithelial cells?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Carcinoma

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • Cancer

BONUS bio phrase

What structure is created during plant cell mitosis that is NOT present in the splitting of animal cells?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Cell plate

TOSS-UP energy phrase

In producing clean coal, sulfur dioxide emissions react with a mixture of limestone and water in order to produce what substance used in the construction industry?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Gypsum

BONUS energy order

By name or number, rank the following four states from least to greatest in terms of predicted mean annual wind speeds at an altitude of 80 m: 1) Florida; 2) Nebraska; 3) Maine; 4) Minnesota.

Choices:

  • Florida
  • Nebraska
  • Maine
  • Minnesota

Correct Order:

  • 1
  • 3
  • 4
  • 2

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Sea stars belong to which phylum?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Echinodermata

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is typically the most detrimental type of point mutation? W) Silent mutation X) Small nucleotide polymorphism Y) Intronic mutation Z) Frameshift mutation

W: W) Silent mutation

X: X) Small nucleotide polymorphism

Y: Y) Intronic mutation

Z: Z) Frameshift mutation

Answer: Z) Z) Frameshift mutation

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What major nonsilicate rock-forming mineral is the primary constituent of limestone?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Calcite

BONUS ess phrase

What is the main mineral component of gabbro?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Plagioclase feldspar

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the numerical value of 94 times 86?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 8084

BONUS math phrase

A regular hexagon is inscribed in a circle with diameter 16 cm. What is the perimeter, in centimeters, of the hexagon?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 48

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is true regarding the gravitational force of the Sun on an asteroid that orbits it? W) It is not dependent on the mass of the Sun X) It is not dependent on the mass of the asteroid Y) It is equal and opposite with respect to the gravitational force exerted by the asteroid on the Sun Z) It is greater than the gravitational force exerted by the asteroid on the Sun

W: W) It is not dependent on the mass of the Sun

X: X) It is not dependent on the mass of the asteroid

Y: Y) It is equal and opposite with respect to the gravitational force exerted by the asteroid on the Sun

Z: Z) It is greater than the gravitational force exerted by the asteroid on the Sun

Answer: Y) Y) It is equal and opposite with respect to the gravitational force exerted by the asteroid on the Sun

BONUS general multiple_choice

A new protein is discovered and scientists have deduced its chemical formula. To determine the 3-D shape of the protein, which of the following would be the appropriate step to take? W) Use computers to determine the 3-D shape based on its amino acid composition X) Solidify it and use X-ray crystallography Y) Use a microscope to determine its tertiary and quaternary structures Z) Chemically break up the protein into smaller components to determine the overall structure

W: W) Use computers to determine the 3-D shape based on its amino acid composition

X: X) Solidify it and use X-ray crystallography

Y: Y) Use a microscope to determine its tertiary and quaternary structures

Z: Z) Chemically break up the protein into smaller components to determine the overall structure

Answer: X) X) Solidify it and use X-ray crystallography

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The Yellowstone Volcano is created by what type of anomalously hot volcanic center?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Mantle plume
  • Hot spot

BONUS ess phrase

If when viewing the Moon in the Southern Hemisphere, the crescent’s endpoints point toward the observer’s right side, what will be the next phase of the Moon?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Quarter Moon

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a major contributor to ocean mixing? W) Changes in temperature X) Heavy rainfall Y) Major storms Z) Changes in density

W: W) Changes in temperature

X: X) Heavy rainfall

Y: Y) Major storms

Z: Z) Changes in density

Answer: X) X) Heavy rainfall

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the substituents attached to the asymmetric carbon of an amino acid? W) Carboxyl group X) Carbonyl group Y) Amine group Z) Hydrogen atom

W: W) Carboxyl group

X: X) Carbonyl group

Y: Y) Amine group

Z: Z) Hydrogen atom

Answer: X) X) Carbonyl group

TOSS-UP phys phrase

With respect to atomic orbitals, what is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy level?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 8

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes the law of multiple proportions? W) When two pure substances react to form a compound, they do so in a definite proportion by mass X) When two substances react with each other to form a compound, they do so in multiple proportions according to their mass Y) When one element can combine with another to form more than one compound, the mass ratios of the elements in the compounds are simple whole-number ratios of each other Z) There is no change in total mass during a chemical change

W: W) When two pure substances react to form a compound, they do so in a definite proportion by mass

X: X) When two substances react with each other to form a compound, they do so in multiple proportions according to their mass

Y: Y) When one element can combine with another to form more than one compound, the mass ratios of the elements in the compounds are simple whole-number ratios of each other

Z: Z) There is no change in total mass during a chemical change

Answer: Y) Y) When one element can combine with another to form more than one compound, the mass ratios of the elements in the compounds are simple whole-number ratios of each other