MS Sample Set 13, Round 2 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the second-most-abundant element in the universe?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HELIUM

BONUS ess phrase

What unit of astronomical distance is approximately 206,000 astronomical units?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PARSEC

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Mammals are named after glands that produce what substance?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MILK

BONUS bio multiple_choice

To what group of plants do sequoias belong? W) Conifers X) Cycads Y) Angiosperms Z) Ginkgos

W: W) Conifers

X: X) Cycads

Y: Y) Angiosperms

Z: Z) Ginkgos

Answer: W) W) Conifers

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

The equation 3 × 4 = 4 × 3 illustrates which of the following properties of multiplication? W) Associative X) Commutative Y) Distributive Z) Identity

W: W) Associative

X: X) Commutative

Y: Y) Distributive

Z: Z) Identity

Answer: X) X) Commutative

BONUS math phrase

A rectangle’s long sides are three times the length of its shorter sides. If its perimeter is 48, what is its area?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 108

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at the National Energy Technology Lab are studying the use of anhydrous, nonvolatile solvents for carbon capture. What specific compound is being captured?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON DIOXIDE
  • CO2

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab have used electron energy gain spectroscopy using a monochromated beam to directly observe the atomic vibration energies. What kind of device did they create?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THERMOMETER

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the largest and most prominent region of the human brain, which is thought to be responsible for voluntary activities?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CEREBRUM

BONUS bio phrase

What is the term for the granular material inside the nucleus that consists of DNA bound to protein?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CHROMATIN

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the general term for a device used to measure atmospheric pressure?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BAROMETER

BONUS phys phrase

The isotope carbon-14 has six protons and eight neutrons. If it undergoes beta-minus decay, how many neutrons will the decay product have?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab are studying how groundwater moves through fractured rock using neutron scattering experiments. What is the term for an underground water-permeable layer composed of porous or fractured rock?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AQUIFER

BONUS energy phrase

Jefferson Lab researchers are imaging alpha particles to better understand the nucleus of what element?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HELIUM
  • He

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Humans are part of what phylum?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CHORDATA

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • CHORDATES

BONUS bio phrase

What part of cellular respiration oxidizes the original carbon atoms from glucose and releases them as carbon dioxide?

Acceptable Answers:

  • KREBS CYCLE
  • CITRIC ACID CYCLE, TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of these would lead to the formation of a deep ocean trench? W) Compressional tectonic forces X) Extensional tectonic forces Y) Volcanic activity Z) Hydrothermal activity

W: W) Compressional tectonic forces

X: X) Extensional tectonic forces

Y: Y) Volcanic activity

Z: Z) Hydrothermal activity

Answer: W) W) Compressional tectonic forces

BONUS ess order

Rank the following three reservoirs of Earth’s water supply from largest to smallest: 1) Ground water; 2) Lakes; 3) Glaciers

Choices:

  • Ground water
  • Lakes
  • Glaciers

Correct Order:

  • 3
  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP ess phrase

In the rock cycle, what is the adjective for the type of rock that forms as magma cools and solidifies?

Acceptable Answers:

  • IGNEOUS
  • INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the ratio of the thickness of the mantle to that of the outer core? W) 1 to 1 X) 2 to 1 Y) 5 to 1 Z) 10 to 1

W: W) 1 to 1

X: X) 2 to 1

Y: Y) 5 to 1

Z: Z) 10 to 1

Answer: W) W) 1 to 1

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following substances is most likely to be able to combust? W) Octane X) Silicon dioxide Y) Sodium chloride Z) Iron(III) oxide

W: W) Octane

X: X) Silicon dioxide

Y: Y) Sodium chloride

Z: Z) Iron(III) oxide

Answer: W) W) Octane

BONUS phys multiple_choice

A chemist might use filter paper and a funnel when she wants to do which of the following separations? W) Liquid-liquid X) Solid-liquid Y) Solid-solid Z) Liquid-gas

W: W) Liquid-liquid

X: X) Solid-liquid

Y: Y) Solid-solid

Z: Z) Liquid-gas

Answer: X) X) Solid-liquid

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the greatest common factor of the three numbers 2, 8, and 13?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1

BONUS math phrase

Consider the function \(f(x) = x^2 - 3x\). What is the polynomial that is equal to the composite function \(f(f(x))\)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • x4 - 6x3 + 6x2 + 9x ($$x^4 - 6x^3 + 6x^2 + 9x$$)

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What type of energy is associated with an object’s motion?

Acceptable Answers:

  • KINETIC ENERGY

BONUS phys phrase

A ball starts rolling down a hill at a velocity of 4 centimeters per second. After 15 seconds, the ball is now rolling at 49 centimeters per second. In centimeters per second squared, what is the average acceleration of the ball over this interval?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the adjective for the type of external symmetry that a dragonfly demonstrates?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BILATERAL

BONUS bio phrase

Mammals, like dogs and humans, fall into a group that possess a unique organ formed from tissues from both the mother and the embryo during pregnancy. What is the term for this organ?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PLACENTA

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The asteroid belt lies just within the orbit of what planet?

Acceptable Answers:

  • JUPITER

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Approximately where on a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram could you find a star like our Sun? W) Near the center X) Top right Y) Top left Z) Bottom left

W: W) Near the center

X: X) Top right

Y: Y) Top left

Z: Z) Bottom left

Answer: W) W) Near the center

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Researchers at Princeton Plasma Physics Lab are using lithium oxide as a coating inside a tokamak to reduce plasma instabilities. What is the chemical formula of lithium oxide?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Li2O

BONUS energy phrase

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab are using the MAJORANA Demonstrator to study the symmetry between subatomic particles and their antiparticles. What is the commonly used term for the collision and destruction of a particle and its antiparticle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ANNIHILATION

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the area of a circle with diameter 16?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 64π ($$64\pi$$)

BONUS math phrase

What is the smallest positive integer that has a remainder of 1 when divided by 5 and a remainder of 3 when divided by 7?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 31

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Isotopes of the same element differ in the number of which of the following particles? W) Protons X) Neutrons Y) Electrons Z) Positrons

W: W) Protons

X: X) Neutrons

Y: Y) Electrons

Z: Z) Positrons

Answer: X) X) Neutrons

BONUS phys phrase

When filling up a bicycle tire, Zoe presses down on her pump, compressing it from 4 liters to 3.5 liters by applying a constant external pressure of 1.2 atmospheres. In liter-atmospheres, what is the magnitude of the work Zoe did on the gas inside the pump?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.6
  • 3/5

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the term for a chunk of interplanetary debris that lands on the surface of the Earth?

Acceptable Answers:

  • METEORITE

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • METEOR, METEOROID

BONUS ess phrase

The greenhouse effect on Venus is so strong because its atmosphere is primarily composed of what gas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON DIOXIDE
  • CO2

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the sum of 2/3 and 3/4?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 17/12
  • 1 5/12

BONUS math phrase

What is the volume of a sphere inscribed in a cube with edge length 12?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 288π ($$288\pi$$)

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

A diatom is an example of what? W) Bacterium X) Fungus Y) Protist Z) Archaean

W: W) Bacterium

X: X) Fungus

Y: Y) Protist

Z: Z) Archaean

Answer: Y) Y) Protist

BONUS bio phrase

What is the location at which one neuron transmits an impulse to another neuron via chemical signaling?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SYNAPSE

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Water has a high specific heat capacity due in part to its strong intermolecular interactions known as what?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HYDROGEN BONDS
  • H BONDS

BONUS phys phrase

A meter stick has a mass of 1 kilogram that is uniformly distributed through the stick. Margaret ties a 1-kilogram rock to one end of the stick. In centimeters, at what distance from the rock is the center of mass of the system?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 25

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the degree measure of the supplement of 43 degrees?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 137

BONUS math phrase

Mary left home at 8:00 a.m. and drove until 2:45 p.m. If the distance she traveled is 351 miles, what was her average speed, in miles per hour, during the trip?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 52