HS Sample Set 7, Round 16 from NSB
Name the taxonomic order in which the gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is found.
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Identify all of the following four cranial nerves that have a purely somatic motor function: 1) Trigeminal; 2) Trochlear; 3) Hypoglossal; 4) Glossopharyngeal.
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Assuming g = 10 m/s² and the density of freshwater is 1000 kg/m³, what is the buoyancy force in newtons exerted on a rock with mass of 100 kg and a volume of 10 000 cm³ sitting at the bottom of a freshwater lake? W) 10 X) 100 Y) 1000 Z) 10000
W: W) 10
X: X) 100
Y: Y) 1000
Z: Z) 10000
Answer: X) X) 100
Which of the following best estimates the momentum carried by an electromagnetic wave with energy of 30 J? W) 10⁻⁷ X) 10⁻⁵ Y) 3×10⁻⁷ Z) 9×10⁻⁵
W: W) 10⁻⁷
X: X) 10⁻⁵
Y: Y) 3×10⁻⁷
Z: Z) 9×10⁻⁵
Answer: W) W) 10⁻⁷
The points on a scatter plot are extremely close to their least-squares regression line, which is expressed by the equation y = -2x + 3. The correlation coefficient r between x and y is closest to which of the following? W) -2 X) -1 Y) 1/2 Z) 1
W: W) -2
X: X) -1
Y: Y) 1/2
Z: Z) 1
Answer: X) X) -1
For the implicit function \\(xy^2 + x^3y = 2\\), what is the slope of its tangent line at the point (1, 1)?
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Why do solid oxide fuel cells not require a precious metal catalyst or fuel reformer? W) They do not rely on the hydrogen–oxygen redox couple X) They have a high operating temperature Y) They have a very fast startup time Z) They have a low operating temperature
W: W) They do not rely on the hydrogen–oxygen redox couple
X: X) They have a high operating temperature
Y: Y) They have a very fast startup time
Z: Z) They have a low operating temperature
Answer: X) X) They have a high operating temperature
Graphene sheets, often used in solar cells and capacitors, have carbon rings with which type of lattice?
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The Burgess Shale, in the Canadian Rockies, is best known for which of the following fossils? W) Proterozoic terrestrial plant X) Cambrian marine Y) K/T boundary dinosaur Z) Peat bog human
W: W) Proterozoic terrestrial plant
X: X) Cambrian marine
Y: Y) K/T boundary dinosaur
Z: Z) Peat bog human
Answer: X) X) Cambrian marine
To the nearest 10, how many times has the Sun orbited the galaxy since the Sun formed?
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Organolithium reagents can be reacted with salts made from which element to form a Gilman reagent? Specify both the element and its oxidation state.
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Catalytic cracking is the most commonly used process in the manufacture of olefins. Different products can be produced from different reactants. If you want to produce an aromatic through cracking followed by dehydration, with what reactant should you begin?
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Of the 20 amino acids encoded by the universal genetic code, only one is technically an imino acid, as its R-group is covalently bonded to the amino terminus forming a ring. It also tends to disrupt secondary structures if found in the middle. What is this amino acid?
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What is the predicted size in billions of base pairs of the woolly-mammoth genome? W) 1 X) 4 Y) 33 Z) 100
W: W) 1
X: X) 4
Y: Y) 33
Z: Z) 100
Answer: X) X) 4
Given R = 1.097×10⁷ m⁻¹, which of the following represents the wavelength of the longest-wavelength Lyman line of the hydrogen spectrum in meters and the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which it lies? W) 1.22×10⁻⁷ m; ultraviolet X) 1.22×10⁻⁷ m; visible Y) 1.22×10⁻⁶ m; infrared Z) 1.22×10⁻⁶ m; visible
W: W) 1.22×10⁻⁷ m; ultraviolet
X: X) 1.22×10⁻⁷ m; visible
Y: Y) 1.22×10⁻⁶ m; infrared
Z: Z) 1.22×10⁻⁶ m; visible
Answer: W) W) 1.22×10⁻⁷ m; ultraviolet
Assuming a metabolic rate of 500 W, how much energy in joules is transformed by a 70 kg person while exercising for 1 hour? W) 1500 X) 1.8 million Y) 5.4 million Z) 6.3 trillion
W: W) 1500
X: X) 1.8 million
Y: Y) 5.4 million
Z: Z) 6.3 trillion
Answer: X) X) 1.8 million
What is $$\displaystyle \lim_{x \to \pi}\frac{\sin x}{x - \pi}\,$$? (the limit as x approaches π of sin x over x − π) W) −1 X) 0 Y) 1 Z) Undefined
W: W) −1
X: X) 0
Y: Y) 1
Z: Z) Undefined
Answer: W) W) −1
The line determined by points (0, 2b) and (2a, 0) intersects the line determined by points (0, b) and (a, b). What represents the x-value of the point where the two lines intersect? W) a X) 2a Y) a + b Z) b / a
W: W) a
X: X) 2a
Y: Y) a + b
Z: Z) b / a
Answer: W) W) a
What is the typical hub height in meters of a utility-scale wind turbine? W) 80 X) 160 Y) 240 Z) 320
W: W) 80
X: X) 160
Y: Y) 240
Z: Z) 320
Answer: W) W) 80
By number, rank the thermal resistance of the following four insulation materials from greatest to least: 1) Glass; 2) Closed-cell polyurethane spray foam; 3) Polystyrene board; 4) Fiberglass batts.
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Scientists currently believe that modern birds descended from what organisms? W) Pterosaurs X) Ornithopods Y) Therapods Z) Sauropods
W: W) Pterosaurs
X: X) Ornithopods
Y: Y) Therapods
Z: Z) Sauropods
Answer: Y) Y) Therapods
When the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies merge, which of the following is closest to the number of pairs of stars that are expected to collide? W) 1 X) 100 Y) 10,000 Z) 1,000,000
W: W) 1
X: X) 100
Y: Y) 10,000
Z: Z) 1,000,000
Answer: W) W) 1
Which of the following spectral series has a final energy level of 4? W) Paschen X) Brackett Y) Pfund Z) Lyman
W: W) Paschen
X: X) Brackett
Y: Y) Pfund
Z: Z) Lyman
Answer: X) X) Brackett
Place the following four solvents in order of fastest to slowest reaction rate for SN2: 1) water; 2) DMSO; 3) methanol; 4) acetonitrile.
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In segmented animals, a specific family of genes encodes transcription factors that bind a regulatory region called the homeobox. Name this gene family.
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Which of the following is true about reverse phase chromatography? W) The stationary phase is hydrophilic X) The stationary phase is acidic Y) It is typically used for separation of proteins Z) The stationary phase is hydrophobic
W: W) The stationary phase is hydrophilic
X: X) The stationary phase is acidic
Y: Y) It is typically used for separation of proteins
Z: Z) The stationary phase is hydrophobic
Answer: Z) Z) The stationary phase is hydrophobic
What is the speed of a particle that has a Lorentz factor of 3.0? W) 2c√3 X) (3c√2)/2 Y) (2c√2)/3 Z) (c√2)/3
W: W) 2c√3
X: X) (3c√2)/2
Y: Y) (2c√2)/3
Z: Z) (c√2)/3
Answer: Y) Y) (2c√2)/3
A sports car driver slams the brakes and the car slows from 90 mph to a complete stop in 4 s. In terms of g, which of the following is closest to the car’s acceleration? W) −0.5 g X) −g Y) −2 g Z) −5 g
W: W) −0.5 g
X: X) −g
Y: Y) −2 g
Z: Z) −5 g
Answer: X) X) −g
Find an antiderivative for $$\ln\bigl(e^{-x^2}\bigr)\,$$.
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A curve is defined parametrically by x = cos t and y = tan t. What is dy/dx when t = π/6?
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As you turn on your flashlight, its lithium-ion battery begins to discharge. What happens to the electrons and ions inside the battery? W) Both the electrons and the lithium ions move towards the cathode X) Both the electrons and the lithium ions move towards the anode Y) The electrons move towards the cathode while the lithium ions move towards the anode Z) The electrons move towards the anode while the lithium ions move towards the cathode
W: W) Both the electrons and the lithium ions move towards the cathode
X: X) Both the electrons and the lithium ions move towards the anode
Y: Y) The electrons move towards the cathode while the lithium ions move towards the anode
Z: Z) The electrons move towards the anode while the lithium ions move towards the cathode
Answer: W) W) Both the electrons and the lithium ions move towards the cathode
If a city had a yearly load of 438,000 MWh and built a power plant with a capacity factor of 50%, what would the nameplate capacity have to be in megawatts to meet total load?
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In which of the following ways does the mineral biotite differ from the mineral muscovite? W) Biotite contains silica while muscovite does not X) Muscovite contains potassium while biotite does not Y) While both contain aluminum, only biotite contains magnesium Z) While both contain sodium, only muscovite contains aluminum
W: W) Biotite contains silica while muscovite does not
X: X) Muscovite contains potassium while biotite does not
Y: Y) While both contain aluminum, only biotite contains magnesium
Z: Z) While both contain sodium, only muscovite contains aluminum
Answer: Y) Y) While both contain aluminum, only biotite contains magnesium
Arrange the following four Big Bang events in chronological order: 1) nucleosynthesis; 2) reionization; 3) recombination; 4) inflation.
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Which of the following protein purification techniques coats proteins with a negative charge after they are denatured? W) Affinity chromatography X) Isoelectric focusing Y) SDS-PAGE Z) Ion exchange chromatography
W: W) Affinity chromatography
X: X) Isoelectric focusing
Y: Y) SDS-PAGE
Z: Z) Ion exchange chromatography
Answer: Y) Y) SDS-PAGE
You are studying a material that has started to undergo thermal fatigue. Which of the following would be a good action to take to reduce this fatigue? W) Eliminate loading by design X) Add protective surface coating Y) Decrease corrosiveness of medium Z) Add residual compressive stresses
W: W) Eliminate loading by design
X: X) Add protective surface coating
Y: Y) Decrease corrosiveness of medium
Z: Z) Add residual compressive stresses
Answer: W) W) Eliminate loading by design
In which of the following cell processes would caspase activity most likely occur? W) Mitosis X) Apoptosis Y) DNA replication Z) Phagocytosis
W: W) Mitosis
X: X) Apoptosis
Y: Y) DNA replication
Z: Z) Phagocytosis
Answer: X) X) Apoptosis
By number, identify all of the following four phrases that would NOT be indicative of a healthy stream ecosystem: 1) woody riparian zone ≥ stream width; 2) abundant algal mats in stream channel; 3) stream channel with abundant large rocks and old logs; 4) banks unstable with loose soil.
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Which of the following is the correct relationship of half-life \\(T_{1/2}\\) and mean life \\(\\tau\\) of an unstable particle, if \\(\\lambda\\) is the decay constant? W) \\(T_{1/2} = \\lambda/\\tau\\) X) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau/\\lambda\\) Y) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau \\log_2 e\\) Z) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau \\ln(2)\\)
W: W) \\(T_{1/2} = \\lambda/\\tau\\)
X: X) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau/\\lambda\\)
Y: Y) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau \\log_2 e\\)
Z: Z) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau \\ln(2)\\)
Answer: Z) Z) \\(T_{1/2} = \\tau \\ln(2)\\)
What is the image position in centimeters of a narrow object placed 100 cm from a 50 cm focal length lens? W) 20 X) 25 Y) 50 Z) 100
W: W) 20
X: X) 25
Y: Y) 50
Z: Z) 100
Answer: Z) Z) 100
What is the largest possible real domain of the function $$h(x)=\\ln(x^2-9)$$? W) (−∞, ∞) X) (−∞, −3) ∪ (3, ∞) Y) (−3, 3) Z) (3, ∞)
W: W) (−∞, ∞)
X: X) (−∞, −3) ∪ (3, ∞)
Y: Y) (−3, 3)
Z: Z) (3, ∞)
Answer: X) X) (−∞, −3) ∪ (3, ∞)
Solve the following equation for \\(x\\) over the interval \\(0 \\le x < 2\\pi\\): $$2\\sin^2 x - \\sin x - 1 = 0.$$
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The interstellar medium is primarily composed of two components, a warm ionized phase and a cool neutral phase. Which of the following is approximately the temperature in Kelvin of the cool phase? W) 1 X) 10 Y) 100 Z) 1000
W: W) 1
X: X) 10
Y: Y) 100
Z: Z) 1000
Answer: Y) Y) 100
Which of the following geometries is inconsistent with a flat universe? W) Infinite X) Toroidal Y) Horn Z) Conical
W: W) Infinite
X: X) Toroidal
Y: Y) Horn
Z: Z) Conical
Answer: Y) Y) Horn
A variety of manufacturing processes may be employed in nanotechnology. Which of the following processes can coat almost anything by transferring material from its source to the substrate without changing chemical composition? W) E-beam X) Nanoscale printing Y) Vapor deposition Z) Soft lithography
W: W) E-beam
X: X) Nanoscale printing
Y: Y) Vapor deposition
Z: Z) Soft lithography
Answer: Y) Y) Vapor deposition
Arrange the following three methods of solvent degassing in order from least effective to most effective: 1) atmosphere exchange under sonication; 2) purging; 3) freeze-pump-thaw.
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Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles in a cell containing an array of enzymes. Which of the following is closest to the pH of these vesicles? W) 5 X) 6 Y) 7 Z) 8
W: W) 5
X: X) 6
Y: Y) 7
Z: Z) 8
Answer: W) W) 5
With regard to the maturation of an erythrocyte, arrange the following four choices in correct sequence starting with the cell type after the proerythroblast and ending with the mature erythrocyte: 1) Basophilic erythroblast; 2) Reticulocyte; 3) Orthochromatic normoblast; 4) Polychromatophilic erythroblast.
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In a nuclear plant, 1 kg of mass is converted to energy. Given \\(c = 3 \\times 10^8\\) m/s, how much energy would be produced? W) 9 MJ X) 9 GJ Y) 3 TJ Z) 90 PJ
W: W) 9 MJ
X: X) 9 GJ
Y: Y) 3 TJ
Z: Z) 90 PJ
Answer: Z) Z) 90 PJ
Bats find their prey in the dark via echolocation. Given that the speed of sound is 300 m/s, if a bat emits a chirp at a frequency of 66 kHz, what is the smallest size of insect in millimeters it is able to detect? W) 0.2 X) 1 Y) 5 Z) 16
W: W) 0.2
X: X) 1
Y: Y) 5
Z: Z) 16
Answer: Y) Y) 5