HS Sample Set 13, Round 4 from NSB
What phenomenon is generated when an object propagates in a medium faster than the speed of sound in that medium?
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To two significant figures and in meters, what is the wavelength of a sound wave with a frequency of 260 hertz?
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Which of the following types of lifting mechanisms would most likely occur near a mountain range? W) Frontal X) Orographic Y) Convective Z) Convergence
W: W) Frontal
X: X) Orographic
Y: Y) Convective
Z: Z) Convergence
Answer: X) X) Orographic
Identify all of the following three characteristics that describe hot spots: 1) They are zones of crustal uplift; 2) They have an elevated geotherm; 3) They can be over 100 kilometers across.
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A triangle has two sides of lengths 39 and 57. What is the largest possible integer length of the third side?
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The line with equation y = 3x + 2 is reflected across the line y = x. What are the slope and y-intercept of its image, respectively?
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The fact that a solution of hydrofluoric acid will become less acidic if you add sodium fluoride to it is an example of what effect?
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If a rate constant is expressed in hertz, what order must the reaction be?
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Scientists at Ames Lab are developing new techniques to study substances that lower the activation energy of chemical reactions. What is the general term for these substances?
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Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab are developing techniques to prevent the leakage of information in future quantum computers. This information leakage occurs because of what quantum mechanical phenomenon in which a particle crosses classically-forbidden energy barriers?
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Phages are viruses that infect what group of organisms?
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Which of the following is the genetic material carried by HIV? W) dsDNA X) ssDNA Y) dsRNA Z) ssRNA
W: W) dsDNA
X: X) ssDNA
Y: Y) dsRNA
Z: Z) ssRNA
Answer: Z) Z) ssRNA
Consider the first-order decomposition of N₂O₅ into nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. In order to get a linear fit, which of the following parameters should be graphed against time? W) Natural log of the concentration of N₂O₅ X) Concentration of N₂O₅ Y) Concentration of N₂O₅ squared Z) One over the concentration of N₂O₅
W: W) Natural log of the concentration of N₂O₅
X: X) Concentration of N₂O₅
Y: Y) Concentration of N₂O₅ squared
Z: Z) One over the concentration of N₂O₅
Answer: W) W) Natural log of the concentration of N₂O₅
Rank the following three elements in order of increasing melting point: 1) Tin; 2) Carbon; 3) Germanium.
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Given that the function f of x has a zero at x = 6, at what x-value must f(x/2) have a zero? W) 3 X) 6 Y) 8 Z) 12
W: W) 3
X: X) 6
Y: Y) 8
Z: Z) 12
Answer: Z) Z) 12
Evaluate the integral from 0 to π/2 of sin(3x) dx.
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Order the following three stages of development chronologically: 1) Fetus; 2) Embryo; 3) Zygote.
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Professional antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells typically present foreign antigens to which of the following types of cells? W) Helper T X) Cytotoxic T Y) Memory B Z) Plasma
W: W) Helper T
X: X) Cytotoxic T
Y: Y) Memory B
Z: Z) Plasma
Answer: W) W) Helper T
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab have been studying a bacterium that makes a new derivative of what cobalt-containing vitamin?
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Scientists at Brookhaven National Lab are studying medical imaging scintillators that absorb high-energy light and release lower-wavelength light that can be detected with a camera. In what type of imaging are these materials most likely used? W) X-ray imaging X) MRI Y) Photoacoustic imaging Z) Ultrasound
W: W) X-ray imaging
X: X) MRI
Y: Y) Photoacoustic imaging
Z: Z) Ultrasound
Answer: W) W) X-ray imaging
What is the adjective for a constellation that never appears to set in the night sky throughout the year?
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Apollo 11 astronauts brought back primarily what type of rock from the Mare Tranquillitatis?
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Identify all of the following three physical quantities that are considered scalar quantities: 1) Speed; 2) Work; 3) Acceleration.
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Identify all of the following three vectors that must be constant for an object in an unperturbed orbit: 1) Angular momentum; 2) Linear momentum; 3) Acceleration.
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Which of the following classes of macromolecules can be digested by salivary amylase? W) Proteins X) Carbohydrates Y) Lipids Z) Nucleic acids
W: W) Proteins
X: X) Carbohydrates
Y: Y) Lipids
Z: Z) Nucleic acids
Answer: X) X) Carbohydrates
Holdfasts, stipes, and blades are characteristic of what group of multicellular algae?
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Gabriela is studying a map showing rivers flowing through a mountainous region. She notices that the V-shaped river valleys are often much wider than the rivers themselves. Which of the following statements best explains her observation? W) The rivers carried more water in the past X) The valleys were formed by glaciers and were later replaced by rivers Y) A series of cut-banks and point-bars formed as the rivers developed, widening the valley Z) Mass wasting and stream erosion have widened the valley
W: W) The rivers carried more water in the past
X: X) The valleys were formed by glaciers and were later replaced by rivers
Y: Y) A series of cut-banks and point-bars formed as the rivers developed, widening the valley
Z: Z) Mass wasting and stream erosion have widened the valley
Answer: Z) Z) Mass wasting and stream erosion have widened the valley
Rank the following three sources in increasing order of share of the world’s total freshwater: 1) Lakes and reservoirs; 2) Atmospheric water vapor; 3) Groundwater.
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Research by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the University of New Mexico has produced a new material for catalytic converters in vehicles. Identify all of the following three factors that drove this research: 1) The cost of platinum; 2) The lower temperatures produced by higher-efficiency engines; 3) The inefficiency of platinum as a catalyst at high temperatures.
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Oak Ridge National Lab is developing a method to produce quantum particles in a controlled, deterministic manner to improve the speed and security of transmitting encrypted data over long fiber-optic cables. What specific particles are they using to transmit this data? W) Photons X) Phonons Y) Electrons Z) Positrons
W: W) Photons
X: X) Phonons
Y: Y) Electrons
Z: Z) Positrons
Answer: W) W) Photons
Which of the following best describes the enthalpy and entropy changes associated with melting ice? W) Negative ΔH, negative ΔS X) Negative ΔH, positive ΔS Y) Positive ΔH, positive ΔS Z) Positive ΔH, negative ΔS
W: W) Negative ΔH, negative ΔS
X: X) Negative ΔH, positive ΔS
Y: Y) Positive ΔH, positive ΔS
Z: Z) Positive ΔH, negative ΔS
Answer: Y) Y) Positive ΔH, positive ΔS
Rank the following three molecules in terms of increasing triple point temperature: 1) Water; 2) Carbon dioxide; 3) Methane.
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What is 2 times 5 squared?
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How many sides does a regular polygon have if each interior angle measures 175 degrees?
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Galileo’s theory of gravity states that objects will fall at the same speed regardless of their weight. Due to the atmosphere, however, some objects fall faster than others. Rank the following three objects in increasing order of their speed one second after being dropped from a building: 1) One-gram feather; 2) One-gram solid-iron sphere; 3) One-gram solid-iron cube.
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A pipe is carrying an incompressible liquid flowing at 8 meters per second. At a particular section, the center of the pipe is elevated by 3 meters. If the static pressure is unchanged, then what is the velocity to the nearest meter per second in the elevated section of pipe?
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Identify all of the following three functional groups that can be found in alanine: 1) Carboxyl; 2) Amine; 3) Alkene.
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The estrus cycle in many mammals is responsible for which of the following processes? W) Sleep X) Digestion Y) Reproduction Z) Migration
W: W) Sleep
X: X) Digestion
Y: Y) Reproduction
Z: Z) Migration
Answer: Y) Y) Reproduction
What is the name of the largest canyon on the planet Mars?
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Moving from left to right on the H-R diagram corresponds to which of the following changes? W) Increasing luminosity X) Increasing temperature Y) Decreasing luminosity Z) Decreasing temperature
W: W) Increasing luminosity
X: X) Increasing temperature
Y: Y) Decreasing luminosity
Z: Z) Decreasing temperature
Answer: Z) Z) Decreasing temperature
Standard reduction potentials are reported using what type of electrode as the zero point?
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Concentrated hydrochloric acid is sold as a 12-molar solution in water. How many milliliters of concentrated hydrochloric acid must be used to prepare 1.5 liters of a 100-millimolar solution of hydrochloric acid?
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What is the name of the distance from an uncharged, stationary object at which the escape velocity equals the speed of light?
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Andrew is designing a bird-strike-resistant nose cone for an experimental aircraft that flies at 200 meters per second. If a typical bird is 0.5 kilograms and an impact lasts 2.5 milliseconds, then in newtons, what is the average impact force that the nose cone must be able to withstand?
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In three-space, what is the distance from the point (1, 3, 6) to the origin?
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Solve the following equation for x over the negative integers: x³ + 2x² – 25x – 50 = 0
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