HS Sample Set 5, Round 9 from NSB
Needles N1, N2, and N3 are made of a ferromagnetic, a paramagnetic, and a diamagnetic substance, respectively. When brought close to them, a magnet will do which of the following? W) Attract N1, N2, and N3 weakly X) Attract N1 strongly, N2 weakly, and repel N3 weakly Y) Attract N1 and N2 strongly, but repel N3 Z) Attract N1 strongly, but repel N2 and N3 weakly
W: W) Attract N1, N2, and N3 weakly
X: X) Attract N1 strongly, N2 weakly, and repel N3 weakly
Y: Y) Attract N1 and N2 strongly, but repel N3
Z: Z) Attract N1 strongly, but repel N2 and N3 weakly
Answer: X) X) Attract N1 strongly, N2 weakly, and repel N3 weakly
Providing your answer as a decimal to the nearest hundredth, what is the potential energy in joules when a spring with a spring constant of 32 newtons per meter is stretched by 10 centimeters?
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From 1980 to 2009, 48 weather-related disasters have caused at least 1 billion dollars in economic losses each. Of these 48 instances, the greatest losses have been attributed to which of the following weather disasters? W) Hurricanes X) Fires Y) Floods Z) Drought
W: W) Hurricanes
X: X) Fires
Y: Y) Floods
Z: Z) Drought
Answer: Z) Z) Drought
By name or number, identify in which of the following five locations halite and gypsum deposits are most likely to form: 1) submarine canyons; 2) the deep seafloor; 3) deep-sea fans; 4) freshwater lakes; 5) marine environments with restricted circulation.
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Two parallel conducting plates, separated by a distance d, are connected to a battery. Which of the following is correct if the plate separation is doubled while the battery remains connected? W) The electric charge on the plates is doubled X) The potential difference between the plates is doubled Y) The potential difference between the plates is halved Z) The electric charge on the plates is halved
W: W) The electric charge on the plates is doubled
X: X) The potential difference between the plates is doubled
Y: Y) The potential difference between the plates is halved
Z: Z) The electric charge on the plates is halved
Answer: Z) Z) The electric charge on the plates is halved
Rose, whose mass is 45 kilograms, is ice skating with a constant speed of 7 meters per second when she hits a rough patch of ice with a coefficient of friction of 0.08. Providing your answer to the nearest integer, how long will it take in seconds before Rose coasts to a stop?
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Which of the following uses would NOT be appropriate for class A biosolids? W) Compost in a garden X) Alternative daily cover at a landfill Y) Enrichment for barren soil Z) Fertilizer at an organic farm
W: W) Compost in a garden
X: X) Alternative daily cover at a landfill
Y: Y) Enrichment for barren soil
Z: Z) Fertilizer at an organic farm
Answer: Z) Z) Fertilizer at an organic farm
A 75-kilogram pole vaulter tries to vault over a height of 5 meters. Given that g is 10 meters per second squared, assuming no frictional loss and that all vaulting energy is kinetic, calculate the minimum vertical speed in meters per second that a vaulter needs in order to clear this height.
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How many real solutions does the equation \(x^5 + x + 1 = 0\) have?
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Cucumbers grown on a certain farm have normally distributed weights with a standard deviation of 2 ounces. Which of the following is the mean weight if 85% of the cucumbers weigh less than 16 ounces? W) 13.92 X) 14.30 Y) 14.88 Z) 15.70
W: W) 13.92
X: X) 14.30
Y: Y) 14.88
Z: Z) 15.70
Answer: W) W) 13.92
Which of the following is NOT an alternative to compression in mountain formation? W) Uplift X) Folding of rocks during thrust faulting Y) Rifting Z) Mantle upwelling
W: W) Uplift
X: X) Folding of rocks during thrust faulting
Y: Y) Rifting
Z: Z) Mantle upwelling
Answer: X) X) Folding of rocks during thrust faulting
Match the terms amber, petrified, and mold, respectively, with the numbers of the following descriptions: 1) a shell is buried in sediment and then dissolved, leaving the sediment to take the shape of the organism; 2) a life form’s pore spaces and cavities are filled with precipitated minerals; and 3) organisms are trapped in hardened resin or tree sap, sealing them from the atmosphere.
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The electron in the ground state of hydrogen is bound by 13.6 electron-volts. How many electron-volts bind the electron in a singly charged helium ion? W) 54.4 X) 27.2 Y) 13.6 Z) 6.8
W: W) 54.4
X: X) 27.2
Y: Y) 13.6
Z: Z) 6.8
Answer: W) W) 54.4
Erin and her friends go fishing in her 1.20 cubic meter rowboat, which has a mass of 100 kilograms. How many 60.0 kilogram people can get into the boat before the boat sinks?
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Which planet in our Solar System has the longest sidereal day?
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What is another term for a sand sea or dune sea, an area of more than 125 square kilometers covered with moving sand and little or no vegetation?
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Which of the following common household items is an example of a technology with high power demand but low contribution to average household energy consumption? W) Standard light bulb X) Compact fluorescent light bulb Y) Microwave Z) Personal computer
W: W) Standard light bulb
X: X) Compact fluorescent light bulb
Y: Y) Microwave
Z: Z) Personal computer
Answer: Y) Y) Microwave
With a constant braking force, the stopping distance of a car is proportional to which of the following? W) The velocity X) The square of the velocity Y) The product of the velocity and the mass Z) The product of the square of the mass and the square of the velocity
W: W) The velocity
X: X) The square of the velocity
Y: Y) The product of the velocity and the mass
Z: Z) The product of the square of the mass and the square of the velocity
Answer: X) X) The square of the velocity
Which of the following is NOT true about purple-striped jellies? W) Humans exposed to their nematocysts typically have a fatal reaction X) Young cancer crabs are often found clinging to the jelly Y) They move short distances by pulsing Z) They sometimes eat fish eggs
W: W) Humans exposed to their nematocysts typically have a fatal reaction
X: X) Young cancer crabs are often found clinging to the jelly
Y: Y) They move short distances by pulsing
Z: Z) They sometimes eat fish eggs
Answer: W) W) Humans exposed to their nematocysts typically have a fatal reaction
What substance, wrapped around the axons of neurons, helps increase the speed that impulses propagate along the neuron?
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Which of the following statements is TRUE about confidence intervals for a sample mean? W) A 99% confidence interval is wider than a 95% confidence interval X) The 99% confidence interval is not symmetric Y) The 95% confidence interval can be interpreted as a 95% chance that the true mean is in the interval Z) The 95% confidence interval is symmetric around the true population mean
W: W) A 99% confidence interval is wider than a 95% confidence interval
X: X) The 99% confidence interval is not symmetric
Y: Y) The 95% confidence interval can be interpreted as a 95% chance that the true mean is in the interval
Z: Z) The 95% confidence interval is symmetric around the true population mean
Answer: W) W) A 99% confidence interval is wider than a 95% confidence interval
What is the area of a triangle with side lengths of 10, 12, and 18, rounded to the nearest whole number?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of northern elephant seals? W) They are the largest phocids in the Northern Hemisphere X) They do not eat on land Y) They dive to depths of 1,000 to 2,500 feet underwater Z) Males live longer than females
W: W) They are the largest phocids in the Northern Hemisphere
X: X) They do not eat on land
Y: Y) They dive to depths of 1,000 to 2,500 feet underwater
Z: Z) Males live longer than females
Answer: Z) Z) Males live longer than females
Insects that eat solid food would likely have a gut with all of these properties, EXCEPT: W) Strong musculature X) Grinding capabilities Y) Sections which narrow to provide filtration Z) Protection from abrasion
W: W) Strong musculature
X: X) Grinding capabilities
Y: Y) Sections which narrow to provide filtration
Z: Z) Protection from abrasion
Answer: Y) Y) Sections which narrow to provide filtration
Which of the following statements is NOT true about liquefied natural gas, or LNG? W) LNG is produced by cooling natural gas to -260° Fahrenheit X) LNG is odorless Y) LNG is corrosive Z) If spilled at sea, LNG would evaporate quickly
W: W) LNG is produced by cooling natural gas to -260° Fahrenheit
X: X) LNG is odorless
Y: Y) LNG is corrosive
Z: Z) If spilled at sea, LNG would evaporate quickly
Answer: Y) Y) LNG is corrosive
A 2-kilogram mass is held against a spring compressed by 3 meters and with a spring constant of 500 newtons per meter. What is the maximum kinetic energy in joules the mass can achieve?
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A pendulum with a length of 2.0 meters is released when it makes an angle of 25° from the vertical. Given 9.8 meters per second squared as g, what is its velocity in meters per second at the bottom of its swing? W) 0.9 X) 1.3 Y) 1.6 Z) 1.9
W: W) 0.9
X: X) 1.3
Y: Y) 1.6
Z: Z) 1.9
Answer: Z) Z) 1.9
A bullet is fired horizontally from a rifle on a table 1.25 meters high. Given g as 10 meters per second squared and providing your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth, how long would it take, in seconds, for the bullet to hit the ground?
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What is the scientific name for the bacterium that causes whooping cough in humans?
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To diagnose whooping cough, which of the following culture media is the medium of choice for bacterial incubation? W) Super optimal broth X) Regan-Lowe agar Y) Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar Z) Lowenstein-Jensen
W: W) Super optimal broth
X: X) Regan-Lowe agar
Y: Y) Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar
Z: Z) Lowenstein-Jensen
Answer: X) X) Regan-Lowe agar
What is the name of the planar curve with polar equation \(r = \theta\)?
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Compute the summation from \(n = 1\) to \(n = 180\) of \(\cos(n^\circ)\).
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Which of the following types of mixtures displays the Tyndall effect and also separates when filtered? W) Solution X) Colloid Y) Suspension Z) Emulsion
W: W) Solution
X: X) Colloid
Y: Y) Suspension
Z: Z) Emulsion
Answer: Y) Y) Suspension
Using proper chemical nomenclature and indicating the charge and physical state of each substance, what is the balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of aqueous calcium chloride with aqueous silver nitrate?
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As Greenland’s ice sheet continues to melt, which of the following features could be exposed in coming years? W) Arêtes and cirques X) Moraines and drumlins Y) Glacial striations Z) Glacial flour and roche moutonnée
W: W) Arêtes and cirques
X: X) Moraines and drumlins
Y: Y) Glacial striations
Z: Z) Glacial flour and roche moutonnée
Answer: X) X) Moraines and drumlins
Residing approximately 2,600 light years away from Earth in a turbulent, star-forming region of the constellation Monoceros, what is the name of the pillar of gas and dust about 7 light years long with a reddish veil produced by glowing hydrogen gas?
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Which of the following statements is TRUE about boiling points? W) The presence of a non-volatile solute decreases the boiling point of a liquid X) A liquid in a vacuum has a higher boiling point than at atmospheric pressure Y) A boiling point can be reduced below the triple point Z) The boiling point cannot be increased above the critical point
W: W) The presence of a non-volatile solute decreases the boiling point of a liquid
X: X) A liquid in a vacuum has a higher boiling point than at atmospheric pressure
Y: Y) A boiling point can be reduced below the triple point
Z: Z) The boiling point cannot be increased above the critical point
Answer: Z) Z) The boiling point cannot be increased above the critical point
By name or number, identify all of the following five compounds that are ionic: 1) potassium bromide; 2) sodium sulfate; 3) carbon dioxide; 4) methane; 5) ammonium chloride.
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In 2008, what new species of large brown seaweed with characteristic V-shaped blades was discovered near the shore of the Aleutian Islands?
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What is the term for a fluid-filled cavity formed within the mesoderm in triploblastic animals?
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By name or number, identify all of the following three species that are predicted by the molecular orbital model to be stable and diatomic: 1) He₂²⁺; 2) He₂⁺; 3) He₂.
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By name or number, identify all of the following four sets of atoms and ions that are isoelectronic with each other: 1) S²⁻, Se²⁻, Ar 2) Cl⁻, Cl, Ar 3) Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, S²⁻, K⁺ 4) H⁻, Li⁺, He
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The parametric equations \(x = 4\cos(t)\) and \(y = 2\sin(t)\) represent what type of conic section?
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Simplify \(8\log_{2}(4)\;-\;4\log_{2}(8)\).
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What is the term for a vector representing a sine wave that has a magnitude equal to the amplitude of the wave and rotates around an origin?
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In a hydraulic machine, a small piston is pushed down a distance of 10 centimeters, causing the large piston on the other end to rise 1 centimeter. Assuming the pistons are in equilibrium, if the small piston is pushed down with a force of 200 newtons, how much force is the large piston exerting in newtons?
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Bedbugs belong to which order?
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Which of the following is a defining characteristic of the order Hemiptera? W) Leathery wings X) Wings that are held “roof-like” over the body when the insect is at rest Y) Chewing mouthparts that arise from the posterior of the head Z) Sucking mouthparts that arise from the anterior of the head
W: W) Leathery wings
X: X) Wings that are held “roof-like” over the body when the insect is at rest
Y: Y) Chewing mouthparts that arise from the posterior of the head
Z: Z) Sucking mouthparts that arise from the anterior of the head
Answer: Z) Z) Sucking mouthparts that arise from the anterior of the head
Effective nuclear charge is BEST described by which of the following? W) It is the charge on the nucleus experienced by an electron when accounting for the shielding effect of other electrons X) It is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from the valence shell when the atom is in a gaseous state Y) It is the energy released when a proton is added to the nucleus Z) It is the number of electrons that penetrate the nucleus
W: W) It is the charge on the nucleus experienced by an electron when accounting for the shielding effect of other electrons
X: X) It is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from the valence shell when the atom is in a gaseous state
Y: Y) It is the energy released when a proton is added to the nucleus
Z: Z) It is the number of electrons that penetrate the nucleus
Answer: W) W) It is the charge on the nucleus experienced by an electron when accounting for the shielding effect of other electrons
A soft drink is bottled so that at 25 °C, it contains carbon dioxide gas at a pressure of 5 atmospheres over the liquid. Assuming that the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is \(4\times10^{-4}\) atmospheres and that the Henry’s law constant for carbon dioxide in aqueous solution is 0.2 moles per liter atmosphere at 25 °C, calculate the equilibrium concentrations in moles per liter of carbon dioxide before and after the bottle is opened, respectively.
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