HS Sample Set 14, Round 8 from NSB
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the lines with equations $\displaystyle 5x + 4y = 20$ and $\displaystyle 16x + 20y = 80$? W) Parallel X) Perpendicular Y) Intersecting but not perpendicular Z) Coincident
W: W) Parallel
X: X) Perpendicular
Y: Y) Intersecting but not perpendicular
Z: Z) Coincident
Answer: Y) Y) Intersecting but not perpendicular
A right circular cylinder has height $\displaystyle 11$ and diameter $\displaystyle 18$. What is its surface area?
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What is the systematic name of the compound $\mathrm{N_2O_4}$?
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Which of the following alkali metals has the most negative standard reduction potential? W) Sodium X) Cesium Y) Rubidium Z) Potassium
W: W) Sodium
X: X) Cesium
Y: Y) Rubidium
Z: Z) Potassium
Answer: X) X) Cesium
Scientists at Los Alamos National Lab are studying a group of bacterial pumps known as RND efflux pumps, which improve bacteria’s resistance to what?
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Researchers at Los Alamos National Lab have applied machine learning to seismic monitoring to identify when an earthquake will occur. What is the term for the Earth surface location directly above an earthquake?
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Andrew applies an average acceleration of $5\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$ to increase his vehicular velocity from $15\ \mathrm{m/s}$ to $30\ \mathrm{m/s}$. How much acceleration, in meters per second squared, would he have to apply to perform the same velocity change in half the time?
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Given that the reference sound intensity is defined as $10^{-12}\ \mathrm{W/m^2}$, what is the decibel value for a sound with an intensity of $1\ \mathrm{W/m^2}$?
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Which of the following statements regarding Earth’s core is NOT true? W) It contains a liquid outer core and a solid inner core X) The inner core has a higher temperature than the outer core Y) The inner core is responsible for Earth’s magnetic field Z) The inner core has a greater density than the outer core
W: W) It contains a liquid outer core and a solid inner core
X: X) The inner core has a higher temperature than the outer core
Y: Y) The inner core is responsible for Earth’s magnetic field
Z: Z) The inner core has a greater density than the outer core
Answer: Y) Y) The inner core is responsible for Earth’s magnetic field
Rank the following three types of mass wasting in order of increasing rate of movement: 1) Creep; 2) Slump; 3) Rock fall.
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What human organ contains the semicircular canals as well as the cochlea?
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What is the main anion that the pancreas secretes into the small intestine to neutralize stomach acid?
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What semiconductor device was instrumental in replacing vacuum tubes as the basic logical component in digital electronics?
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Identify all of the following three statements that are true of this system: 1) The elevator is traveling upwards; 2) Kevin’s change in apparent weight is dependent on the acceleration of the elevator; 3) Kevin’s apparent weight will increase as the elevator stops moving.
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Saturn’s rings are primarily composed of what material? W) Siliceous dust X) Ice Y) Metallic iron Z) Hydrogen gas
W: W) Siliceous dust
X: X) Ice
Y: Y) Metallic iron
Z: Z) Hydrogen gas
Answer: X) X) Ice
A telescope’s objective lens has a focal length of 90 centimeters, and its eyepiece has a focal length of one-third of a centimeter. What is the telescope’s magnifying power?
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Scientists at SLAC National Lab have developed a way to use diamond anvils to drive chemical reactions using which of the following? W) Temperature X) Conductivity Y) Pressure Z) Malleability
W: W) Temperature
X: X) Conductivity
Y: Y) Pressure
Z: Z) Malleability
Answer: Y) Y) Pressure
High atmospheric CO$_2$ concentrations contribute to death of plants by carbon starvation because the resulting high temperatures cause the plants to close their stomata. This mechanism is an adaptation to regulate what biological process?
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What is the term for isomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other?
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What type of solid does carbon dioxide form?
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How many different human codons code for methionine?
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Operant and classical conditioning are both examples of which of the following forms of learning? W) Sensitization X) Habituation Y) Associative Z) Episodic
W: W) Sensitization
X: X) Habituation
Y: Y) Associative
Z: Z) Episodic
Answer: Y) Y) Associative
If angle $\displaystyle ABC$ is inscribed in a circle and measures $65^\circ$, what is the degree measure of arc $ABC$?
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What is the sum of the distinct prime factors of 924?
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Into what units of geologic time are periods divided?
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Which of the following is an example of a porphyroblast? W) A fragment of country rock preserved in a granitic intrusion X) A well-preserved trilobite fossil in shale Y) A rock deposited on the seafloor from the melting of sea ice Z) A large garnet in a fine-grained metamorphic schist
W: W) A fragment of country rock preserved in a granitic intrusion
X: X) A well-preserved trilobite fossil in shale
Y: Y) A rock deposited on the seafloor from the melting of sea ice
Z: Z) A large garnet in a fine-grained metamorphic schist
Answer: Z) Z) A large garnet in a fine-grained metamorphic schist
A plant that is heterozygous for flower color is self-pollinated. What percentage of the offspring will be true-breeding?
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Identify all of the following three statements that are true of mitosis: 1) The mitotic spindle begins to form during prophase; 2) Anaphase is the shortest phase of mitosis; 3) Centrosomes are pushed apart by lengthening microtubules.
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A backpack weighs 20 newtons on Earth but only 4 newtons on a certain asteroid. In meters per second squared, what is the acceleration due to gravity on this asteroid?
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Saturn has mass approximately 90 times that of Earth, and a diameter that is 10 times the diameter of Earth. If the escape velocity on Earth is 11.2 kilometers per second, what is the escape velocity in kilometers per second from Saturn’s surface?
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What organic compound, which is planar and stabilized by extensive conjugation, has two resonance structures and chemical formula $\mathrm{C_6H_6}$?
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Suppose that at a certain temperature, one mole of chlorine gas and one mole of $\mathrm{PCl_3}$ gas are placed in a 1-liter container, and then equilibrate to form 0.2 moles of $\mathrm{PCl_5}$ gas. What is the $K_C$ value for the gas-phase reaction $\mathrm{PCl_3 + Cl_2 \rightarrow PCl_5}$ at this temperature?
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Find the value of $a$ for which the following vectors are parallel: $\displaystyle 8\mathbf{i} - 2\mathbf{j}$ and $\displaystyle a\mathbf{i} + 12\mathbf{j}$.
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What are the radius and the coordinates of the center of the circle with equation $\displaystyle x^2 - 8x + y^2 + 22y + 87 = 0$?
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Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab have discovered a way to increase the sensitivity of NMR and MRI systems using defects in diamond crystals. These defects are due to substitutions of carbon atoms with atoms of which other element?
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Identify all of the following four units that could be used to describe battery capacity: 1) Milli-amp-hours; 2) Coulomb-hours per second; 3) Coulombs per volt; 4) Watt-hours per liter.
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What quantity did Einstein add to his general theory of relativity to “hold back” universal expansion?
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A certain asteroid is orbiting the Sun and has a semi-major axis of 2.5 astronomical units. To the nearest Earth-year, what is the orbital period of this asteroid?
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A water storage tank is 20 meters above a garden faucet. In kilopascals, what is the pressure at the faucet?
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The Sun is approximately 400 times further away from the Moon than the Earth is. The Sun is also approximately 300,000 times more massive than the Earth. Given these values, and expressing your answer as a decimal to two significant figures, what is the ratio of the Sun’s gravitational force on the Moon to Earth’s gravitational force on the Moon?
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A balloon is inflated with 10 grams of helium. Under the same conditions, a second balloon is inflated to the same volume with nitrogen. To the nearest gram, what is the mass of nitrogen in the second balloon?
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What is the hybridization state of the central atom in oxygen difluoride?
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Name one of the linear factors of $\displaystyle x^2 - 34x - 72$.
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What is the slope-intercept equation of the line tangent to the graph of $\displaystyle y = x^3 + x + 4$ at the point $(1, 6)$?
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What is the term for the “bead” in the “beads on a string” model of eukaryotic DNA?
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Biopolymers, such as amino acid chains, are created via the removal of what molecule from two monomer subunits?
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