HS Sample Set 4, Round 8 from NSB
A molecule having a chemical formula of CH3CCCH3 would be classified by which of the following? W) Alkyne X) Alkene Y) Alkane Z) Aldehyde
W: W) Alkyne
X: X) Alkene
Y: Y) Alkane
Z: Z) Aldehyde
Answer: W) W) Alkyne
The rare earth elements are primarily composed of elements from which groups of the periodic table? W) Transition metals and main group X) Alkali and alkaline Y) Lanthanides and actinides Z) Alkaline and transition metals
W: W) Transition metals and main group
X: X) Alkali and alkaline
Y: Y) Lanthanides and actinides
Z: Z) Alkaline and transition metals
Answer: Y) Y) Lanthanides and actinides
What substance primarily determines the viscosity of magma?
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Which of the following is NOT a property of pyroclastic flows? W) They can flow uphill X) They move slowly Y) Hot rock and ash flow like a turbulent blanket over the ground Z) They glow red at night but appear grey in the daytime
W: W) They can flow uphill
X: X) They move slowly
Y: Y) Hot rock and ash flow like a turbulent blanket over the ground
Z: Z) They glow red at night but appear grey in the daytime
Answer: X) X) They move slowly
During meiosis, haploid cells are created from diploid parent cells. In animals, this process only takes place in: W) Gametes X) Reproductive organs Y) Somatic cells Z) Plasma cells
W: W) Gametes
X: X) Reproductive organs
Y: Y) Somatic cells
Z: Z) Plasma cells
Answer: X) X) Reproductive organs
Certain species of fungi are self-fertile, in which a sexual spore can result from the fusion of nuclei that are genetically distinct but derived from the same body. What do we call these kinds of organisms?
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What is the ideal mechanical advantage of a 24 inch lever if the fulcrum is located 6 inches from the resistance, which is at one end of the lever?
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What is the mechanical advantage of a screw with a radius of 1 centimeter and a thread of 0.25 centimeters? Provide your answer to the nearest integer.
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Which of the following organisms is NOT an autotroph? W) Pigmented sulfur bacteria X) Palm tree Y) Nitrifying bacteria Z) Mosquito
W: W) Pigmented sulfur bacteria
X: X) Palm tree
Y: Y) Nitrifying bacteria
Z: Z) Mosquito
Answer: Z) Z) Mosquito
Besides water, what is the second most common reducing agent that most autotrophs use?
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Which one of the following statements concerning permanent bar magnets is NOT true? W) The north pole of a permanent magnet is attracted to a south pole of another magnet X) The direction of a magnetic field is indicated by the north pole of a compass Y) All permanent magnets are surrounded by a magnetic field Z) When a permanent magnet is cut in half, one piece will be a north pole and one a south pole
W: W) The north pole of a permanent magnet is attracted to a south pole of another magnet
X: X) The direction of a magnetic field is indicated by the north pole of a compass
Y: Y) All permanent magnets are surrounded by a magnetic field
Z: Z) When a permanent magnet is cut in half, one piece will be a north pole and one a south pole
Answer: Z) Z) When a permanent magnet is cut in half, one piece will be a north pole and one a south pole
The force exerted by a coiled spring is directly proportional to which of the following? W) Uncoiled length of the spring X) Diameter of the spring Y) Thickness of the spring Z) Extension of the spring
W: W) Uncoiled length of the spring
X: X) Diameter of the spring
Y: Y) Thickness of the spring
Z: Z) Extension of the spring
Answer: Z) Z) Extension of the spring
The surface of Titan is so cold that water is only stable in ice form. However, Titan still has clouds, rain, and lakes composed of which category of substances that includes oil and gasoline?
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A mineral with the chemical formula Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 belongs to which of the following mineral groups? W) Serpentines X) Amphiboles Y) Olivines Z) Pyroxenes
W: W) Serpentines
X: X) Amphiboles
Y: Y) Olivines
Z: Z) Pyroxenes
Answer: X) X) Amphiboles
How would you classify a reaction in which solid potassium and chlorine gas react to form the ionic compound potassium chloride? W) Decomposition X) Combustion Y) Synthesis Z) Disproportionation
W: W) Decomposition
X: X) Combustion
Y: Y) Synthesis
Z: Z) Disproportionation
Answer: Y) Y) Synthesis
Generally, what type of reaction is an acid–base reaction?
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The Spotted Owl is considered an endangered species in the western United States, largely due to competition from the introduced Barred Owl. These two species are genetically similar and are believed to have speciated from a common ancestor after separation of the two populations on opposite coasts of the United States. This is an example of: W) Allopatric speciation X) Sympathetic speciation Y) Sympatric speciation Z) Genetic drift
W: W) Allopatric speciation
X: X) Sympathetic speciation
Y: Y) Sympatric speciation
Z: Z) Genetic drift
Answer: W) W) Allopatric speciation
Spotted Owls and Barred Owls are examples of ecotypes that can interbreed to produce Sparred Owls – a hybrid species. Which of the following is NOT true about the sparred owls? W) They are protected under the Endangered Species Act since they are offspring of spotted owls X) They may interbreed with spotted owls, reducing future numbers of pure spotted owls Y) They may interbreed among themselves, creating a new subspecies Z) They could trigger the extinction of the Spotted Owl
W: W) They are protected under the Endangered Species Act since they are offspring of spotted owls
X: X) They may interbreed with spotted owls, reducing future numbers of pure spotted owls
Y: Y) They may interbreed among themselves, creating a new subspecies
Z: Z) They could trigger the extinction of the Spotted Owl
Answer: W) W) They are protected under the Endangered Species Act since they are offspring of spotted owls
Most atoms combine to form molecules in such a way that they have how many electrons in a valence shell?
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In which of the following groups does the elemental form have a completed valence shell? W) Group 8 X) Group 10 Y) Group 18 Z) Group 28
W: W) Group 8
X: X) Group 10
Y: Y) Group 18
Z: Z) Group 28
Answer: Y) Y) Group 18
A truck starts from rest. After 4 seconds of constant acceleration, its instantaneous speed is 8 meters per second. What is the average speed in meters per second over the first four seconds?
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The Leidenfrost effect is what causes water to "skitter" across a hot surface such as a pan and can permit a droplet to persist for longer on the hot surface at higher temperatures. On what is the water floating? W) A cushion of superheated air X) An insulating layer of steam Y) An insulating piece of the surface it sublimed Z) A transitory cold zone
W: W) A cushion of superheated air
X: X) An insulating layer of steam
Y: Y) An insulating piece of the surface it sublimed
Z: Z) A transitory cold zone
Answer: X) X) An insulating layer of steam
If x = 4 and y = 2, which of the following expressions is undefined? W) 3x + 7/(4 – 2y) X) 2y + 4x Y) xy – x^2 Z) x + (y – 4)/2
W: W) 3x + 7/(4 – 2y)
X: X) 2y + 4x
Y: Y) xy – x^2
Z: Z) x + (y – 4)/2
Answer: W) W) 3x + 7/(4 – 2y)
Which of the following functions is continuous at x = –1? W) (x + 1)/(x^3 + 1) X) 15/(x + 1) Y) (x^2 + 3x + 5)/(x^2 + 3x – 4) Z) 35x/(x^2 – 2x – 3)
W: W) (x + 1)/(x^3 + 1)
X: X) 15/(x + 1)
Y: Y) (x^2 + 3x + 5)/(x^2 + 3x – 4)
Z: Z) 35x/(x^2 – 2x – 3)
Answer: Y) Y) (x^2 + 3x + 5)/(x^2 + 3x – 4)
The typical efficiency of an automobile engine is approximately which of the following percentages? W) 95 X) 65 Y) 25 Z) 5
W: W) 95
X: X) 65
Y: Y) 25
Z: Z) 5
Answer: Y) Y) 25
Mechanical power produced by wind turbines needs to be converted into electrical energy before it can be used. What is necessary to accomplish this conversion?
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The area of a square is 36 square centimeters. What is the length of its diagonal in centimeters in simplest radical form?
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The diagonals of a rhombus are 12 centimeters and 16 centimeters long. What is the perimeter of the rhombus in centimeters?
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Eccentricity of an orbit describes: W) Its deviation from a circular orbit X) Its deviation from the ecliptic Y) Its time difference from a standard day Z) Its tumble ratio
W: W) Its deviation from a circular orbit
X: X) Its deviation from the ecliptic
Y: Y) Its time difference from a standard day
Z: Z) Its tumble ratio
Answer: W) W) Its deviation from a circular orbit
The eccentricities of closed orbits range between which two numbers?
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If a soldier wants to shoot a projectile as far into enemy territory as possible over level ground, at what angle from the ground should the projectile be shot? W) 0° X) 30° Y) 45° Z) 60°
W: W) 0°
X: X) 30°
Y: Y) 45°
Z: Z) 60°
Answer: Y) Y) 45°
A dart is shot from ground level over level ground with a speed of 30 meters per second at an angle of 30° above the ground. Assuming no air resistance, what is the vertical speed in meters per second of the dart when it hits the ground? W) 0 X) 9.8 Y) 15 Z) 30
W: W) 0
X: X) 9.8
Y: Y) 15
Z: Z) 30
Answer: Y) Y) 15
Which of the following types of coal is of high quality and has the highest energy content? W) Subbituminous X) Bituminous Y) Lignite Z) Peat
W: W) Subbituminous
X: X) Bituminous
Y: Y) Lignite
Z: Z) Peat
Answer: X) X) Bituminous
Burning wood leads to the release of chemical energy via the process of oxidation. Which of the following describes this more accurately? W) Wood → Fire X) Wood + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy Y) Wood + Oxygen → Coal + Carbon Dioxide + Energy Z) Wood + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sulfur Dioxide + Energy
W: W) Wood → Fire
X: X) Wood + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
Y: Y) Wood + Oxygen → Coal + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
Z: Z) Wood + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sulfur Dioxide + Energy
Answer: X) X) Wood + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
The radius of a bicycle tire is 10 inches. How far does the wheel travel in inches in 6 revolutions? W) 45 π X) 60 π Y) 90 π Z) 120 π
W: W) 45 π
X: X) 60 π
Y: Y) 90 π
Z: Z) 120 π
Answer: Z) Z) 120 π
If a train’s wheels have a diameter of 4 feet and turn at a rate of π radians per second, how fast is the train moving in feet per second? W) 2 X) 4 Y) 2π Z) 4π
W: W) 2
X: X) 4
Y: Y) 2π
Z: Z) 4π
Answer: Y) Y) 2π
When a ball rolls on a pool table, it eventually stops moving because of friction between the ball and the table. In this case, the kinetic energy of the ball has been converted to what other form of energy?
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Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are: W) Completely powered by electricity X) Powered by electricity until batteries are discharged and then powered by gasoline Y) Completely powered by solar energy Z) Powered completely by biofuels
W: W) Completely powered by electricity
X: X) Powered by electricity until batteries are discharged and then powered by gasoline
Y: Y) Completely powered by solar energy
Z: Z) Powered completely by biofuels
Answer: X) X) Powered by electricity until batteries are discharged and then powered by gasoline
What type of water condition is created by differing water densities resulting from melting ice caps and glaciers?
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Approximately how long in years does it take for a parcel of water to transit the thermohaline circulation pathway? W) 1 X) 10 Y) 100 Z) 1000
W: W) 1
X: X) 10
Y: Y) 100
Z: Z) 1000
Answer: Z) Z) 1000
According to the Hardy–Weinberg Law, from generation to generation, gene frequencies and genotype frequencies in a randomly-breeding population are: W) Constant X) Increasing Y) Decreasing Z) Variable, depending upon habitat limitations
W: W) Constant
X: X) Increasing
Y: Y) Decreasing
Z: Z) Variable, depending upon habitat limitations
Answer: W) W) Constant
Some transposons in bacteria carry genes for proteins as well as the gene for transposase. These proteins often benefit the bacteria by imparting: W) Antibiotic resistance X) Growth factors Y) Gamete formation Z) New organelles
W: W) Antibiotic resistance
X: X) Growth factors
Y: Y) Gamete formation
Z: Z) New organelles
Answer: W) W) Antibiotic resistance
Given two parallel lines in a plane, the set of points that lie in that plane and are equidistant from the given lines forms a: W) Point X) Segment perpendicular to the lines Y) Circle Z) Line
W: W) Point
X: X) Segment perpendicular to the lines
Y: Y) Circle
Z: Z) Line
Answer: Z) Z) Line
In a plane, the set of points equidistant from a point and a line form a: W) Ellipse X) Parabola Y) Triangle Z) Tip of a cone
W: W) Ellipse
X: X) Parabola
Y: Y) Triangle
Z: Z) Tip of a cone
Answer: X) X) Parabola
Found on Mars, what is the name of the largest volcano in the Solar System?
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Mars has the largest and deepest canyon system in the Solar System. What is its name?
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A fair 6-sided die is rolled 2 times. As a fraction in lowest terms, what is the probability of rolling a 5 both times?
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The first row in a theatre contains 8 seats. Every other row contains 2 seats more than the one in front of it. How many people can sit in the first 6 rows?
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Determine the oxidation state of each of the elements in the polyatomic ion C2O4^2–.
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Which of the following 1.0 molar solutions will have the largest change in boiling point from that of pure water? W) Sodium bromide X) Magnesium iodide Y) Sucrose Z) Potassium phosphate
W: W) Sodium bromide
X: X) Magnesium iodide
Y: Y) Sucrose
Z: Z) Potassium phosphate
Answer: Z) Z) Potassium phosphate