HS Sample Set 3, Round 2 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP chem phrase

In addition to iron, what 2 substances must be present for iron to rust?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OXYGEN; WATER
  • O₂, H₂O

BONUS chem phrase

Classify the following 3 elements as a halogen, metalloid, or transition metal, respectively: silicon; iron; iodine

Acceptable Answers:

  • HALOGEN = IODINE; METALLOID = SILICON; TRANSITION METAL = IRON

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

If a car is going around a corner, which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship among the speeds of the wheels on the car: W) the wheels all rotate at the same speed X) the wheels on the inside of the corner rotate faster because they have less distance to travel Y) the wheels on the inside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel Z) the wheels on the outside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel

W: W) the wheels all rotate at the same speed

X: X) the wheels on the inside of the corner rotate faster because they have less distance to travel

Y: Y) the wheels on the inside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel

Z: Z) the wheels on the outside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel

Answer: Z) Z) the wheels on the outside of the corner rotate faster because they have more distance to travel

BONUS phys phrase

How many kilometers will a mosquito travel in 9.5 hours if it moves in a straight path with an average speed of 8 kilometers per hour?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 76

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

What is the most appropriate term for the genetic character of an organism having a pair of identical alleles for a certain trait: W) dominant X) recessive Y) homozygous Z) heterozygous

W: W) dominant

X: X) recessive

Y: Y) homozygous

Z: Z) heterozygous

Answer: Y) Y) homozygous

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a blood vessel located in the human head or neck: W) jugular vein X) jugular artery Y) internal carotid artery Z) temporal vein

W: W) jugular vein

X: X) jugular artery

Y: Y) internal carotid artery

Z: Z) temporal vein

Answer: X) X) jugular artery

TOSS-UP math phrase

Solve the following inequality for x: $$\lvert x + 5 \rvert > -7$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • ALL REAL NUMBERS

BONUS math phrase

The Adams family bought a home entertainment system for \$10,000.00. They paid \$4,000.00 down and must pay off the balance in 12 equal payments. If the simple interest on the balance is 10% of the amount borrowed, how much is each monthly installment?

Acceptable Answers:

  • \$550.00

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the name for the lowermost 12 to 18 kilometers of Earth’s atmosphere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TROPOSPHERE

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a process that makes up the Earth’s hydrologic cycle: W) precipitation X) condensation Y) transpiration Z) sedimentation

W: W) precipitation

X: X) condensation

Y: Y) transpiration

Z: Z) sedimentation

Answer: Z) Z) sedimentation

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

An isotonic solution of sodium chloride, also known as normal saline, is what percent by mass: W) 0.045% X) 0.9% Y) 2.5% Z) 10%

W: W) 0.045%

X: X) 0.9%

Y: Y) 2.5%

Z: Z) 10%

Answer: X) X) 0.9%

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following BEST describes the size of a typical animal virus: W) 600 micrometers X) 100 nanometers Y) 1 nanometer Z) 1 angstrom

W: W) 600 micrometers

X: X) 100 nanometers

Y: Y) 1 nanometer

Z: Z) 1 angstrom

Answer: X) X) 100 nanometers

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Our Sun is a: W) A-type star X) B-type star Y) G-type star Z) K-type star

W: W) A-type star

X: X) B-type star

Y: Y) G-type star

Z: Z) K-type star

Answer: Y) Y) G-type star

BONUS ess phrase

What element was first discovered through spectroscopic analysis of the Sun?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HELIUM

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What element is central to synthetic chemistry because of the unique ability of its atoms to bind to one another with single, double and triple bonds and form chains, branches and rings of varying sizes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON

BONUS chem phrase

How many atoms of each element are in the following molecule: Al₂(SO₄)₃

Acceptable Answers:

  • Al = 2; S = 3; O = 12

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is the SI unit for the product of newtons and meters: W) henry X) watt Y) erg Z) joule

W: W) henry

X: X) watt

Y: Y) erg

Z: Z) joule

Answer: Z) Z) joule

BONUS phys multiple_choice

In a gearing arrangement where a 10-tooth pinion drives a 40-tooth gear, what is the gear ratio: W) 1 to 4 X) 4 to 1 Y) 1 to 10 Z) 40 to 1

W: W) 1 to 4

X: X) 4 to 1

Y: Y) 1 to 10

Z: Z) 40 to 1

Answer: X) X) 4 to 1

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

The type of muscle that is in the walls of human arteries is: W) smooth X) striated Y) skeletal Z) fast twitch

W: W) smooth

X: X) striated

Y: Y) skeletal

Z: Z) fast twitch

Answer: W) W) smooth

BONUS bio multiselect

Name all of the following 4 organisms that are bivalves: clam; oyster; mussel; snail

Choices:

  • clam
  • oyster
  • mussel
  • snail

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify the following, giving your answer in proper scientific notation: $$(2.0 \times 10^{-6})^4$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • $1.6 \times 10^{-23}$

BONUS math phrase

What is the sum of the first 5 terms of the geometric sequence in which the first term is 2 and the common ratio is 2?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 62

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the largest global reserve of carbon on Earth: W) oceans X) soils Y) vegetation Z) atmospheric CO₂

W: W) oceans

X: X) soils

Y: Y) vegetation

Z: Z) atmospheric CO₂

Answer: W) W) oceans

BONUS ess phrase

What moon of Saturn was shown by the Cassini spacecraft to be spewing a watery, gassy plume from its geothermally heated south pole?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ENCELADUS

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is a trace element in coal that is a pollutant and neurotoxin released into the atmosphere when coal is burned, for which some states are currently developing technologies to reduce these emissions by 70 to 90%: W) sulfur X) mercury Y) carbon Z) chromium

W: W) sulfur

X: X) mercury

Y: Y) carbon

Z: Z) chromium

Answer: X) X) mercury

BONUS general phrase

What is the term for the process of the addition of small amounts of certain elements that makes semiconductors become useful electronic materials?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DOPING

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Main sequence stars are found in a region on the H–R diagram that is oriented on the diagram from: W) upper left to lower left X) upper left to lower right Y) upper right to lower left Z) upper right to lower right

W: W) upper left to lower left

X: X) upper left to lower right

Y: Y) upper right to lower left

Z: Z) upper right to lower right

Answer: X) X) upper left to lower right

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the BEST explanation for why the Northern Hemisphere’s summer occurs when the Sun is not the closest to Earth in Earth’s orbit around the Sun: W) the Sun’s rays are made of mostly neutrinos that have such small mass that distance does not matter X) the Sun emits different amounts of energy at different times of the year Y) the Sun’s rays strike the Northern Hemisphere more directly in summer Z) because of precession

W: W) the Sun’s rays are made of mostly neutrinos that have such small mass that distance does not matter

X: X) the Sun emits different amounts of energy at different times of the year

Y: Y) the Sun’s rays strike the Northern Hemisphere more directly in summer

Z: Z) because of precession

Answer: Y) Y) the Sun’s rays strike the Northern Hemisphere more directly in summer

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What is the MOST common method for separating a mixture of liquids based on the differences in component volatilities?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DISTILLATION

BONUS chem phrase

What type of interaction occurs between molecules of H₂O that causes it to have a higher boiling point than H₂S?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HYDROGEN BONDING

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Giving your answer as north, south, east, or west relative to a point on the Equator, in what direction is the Earth’s angular velocity as it rotates daily about its axis?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NORTH

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Ignoring air resistance, wind velocity, and the rotation of the Earth, if a projectile is fired directly upwards, the horizontal component of the projectile’s velocity: W) is zero X) remains a non zero constant Y) continuously increases Z) continuously decreases

W: W) is zero

X: X) remains a non zero constant

Y: Y) continuously increases

Z: Z) continuously decreases

Answer: W) W) is zero

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is a homologous structure to a whale flipper: W) insect wing X) human arm Y) a fish operculum Z) shark fin

W: W) insect wing

X: X) human arm

Y: Y) a fish operculum

Z: Z) shark fin

Answer: X) X) human arm

BONUS bio phrase

A sarcomere is a basic unit in what specific tissue of mammals?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MUSCLE

TOSS-UP math phrase

Evaluate the following radical expression: 5³ − 75

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0

BONUS math phrase

Find the positive geometric mean between the numbers 1 and 10,000.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 100

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

In which of the following locations is oceanic crust converging with oceanic crust: W) the Aleutian Islands X) the Himalayan Mountains Y) the Mid-Atlantic Ridge Z) the East Pacific Rise

W: W) the Aleutian Islands

X: X) the Himalayan Mountains

Y: Y) the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Z: Z) the East Pacific Rise

Answer: W) W) the Aleutian Islands

BONUS ess multiple_choice

About what percent of all glaciers in the world are retreating today: W) 25% X) 50% Y) 75% Z) 100%

W: W) 25%

X: X) 50%

Y: Y) 75%

Z: Z) 100%

Answer: Z) Z) 100%

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

The process in which fat globules in milk are broken up into smaller, more evenly dispersed particles is BEST described as: W) lactation X) pasteurization Y) fermentation Z) homogenization

W: W) lactation

X: X) pasteurization

Y: Y) fermentation

Z: Z) homogenization

Answer: Z) Z) homogenization

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following is LEAST accurate regarding non-fuel petroleum products: W) petroleum jelly is often used to make household toiletries X) asphalt is often used in making roof shingles Y) petrochemicals are used to make latex Z) printing inks and paint solvents are often petroleum-based

W: W) petroleum jelly is often used to make household toiletries

X: X) asphalt is often used in making roof shingles

Y: Y) petrochemicals are used to make latex

Z: Z) printing inks and paint solvents are often petroleum-based

Answer: Y) Y) petrochemicals are used to make latex

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What scientific term is given to the apparent path of the Sun around the celestial sphere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE ECLIPTIC

BONUS ess phrase

The local group is a collection of what type of astronomical bodies?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GALAXIES

TOSS-UP chem phrase

What general term BEST describes the use of electrical current to cause a normally non-spontaneous reaction to occur?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ELECTROLYSIS

BONUS chem phrase

In a chemical reaction, what is the term that describes the time required for a reactant to reach half its original concentration?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HALF-LIFE

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Neglecting air resistance, at what angle above the horizontal would you aim your garden hose nozzle to obtain the greatest horizontal distance if the nozzle is at ground level: W) 0° X) 30° Y) 45° Z) 60°

W: W) 0°

X: X) 30°

Y: Y) 45°

Z: Z) 60°

Answer: Y) Y) 45°

BONUS phys phrase

Tim hears water dripping from a faucet while trying to take a nap. If he counts 20 drops in one minute, what is the period of the drops, in seconds?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

The lambdoid suture is found in which of the following parts of the human body: W) scapula X) pelvis Y) skull Z) knee

W: W) scapula

X: X) pelvis

Y: Y) skull

Z: Z) knee

Answer: Y) Y) skull

BONUS bio multiselect

Name all of the following 5 organs in the human body that are NOT typically considered part of the respiratory system: nose; bronchi; pharynx; esophagus; cervix

Choices:

  • nose
  • bronchi
  • pharynx
  • esophagus
  • cervix

Correct Answers:

  • 4
  • 5

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the SI unit given to a volt per ampere?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OHM

BONUS phys phrase

What is the current, in amperes, for a 3600-watt electric conveyor operating on a 240-volt power source?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 15