MS Sample Set 8, Round 8 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Compressive forces that result in brittle deformation yield what formation? W) Normal faults X) Reverse faults Y) Synclines [SIN-klyns] Z) Grabens [GRAH-buhns]

W: W) Normal faults

X: X) Reverse faults

Y: Y) Synclines [SIN-klyns]

Z: Z) Grabens [GRAH-buhns]

Answer: X) X) Reverse faults

BONUS ess phrase

In which constellation is the nearest major galaxy, M31?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ANDROMEDA

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Why is coal a non-renewable fuel source? W) It is formed from ancient fossilized biomass X) It is expensive Y) It releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere Z) It is used faster than it is formed

W: W) It is formed from ancient fossilized biomass

X: X) It is expensive

Y: Y) It releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

Z: Z) It is used faster than it is formed

Answer: Z) Z) It is used faster than it is formed

BONUS general phrase

Unlike prokaryotic cells, the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is filled with a variety of membrane bound structures that enable the cell to function properly. What is the name for this group of structures?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ORGANELLES

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

The combination of two deuterium [doo-TEER-ee-uhm] atoms to form a single helium atom is known as which of the following? W) Alpha decay X) Beta decay Y) Nuclear fission Z) Nuclear fusion

W: W) Alpha decay

X: X) Beta decay

Y: Y) Nuclear fission

Z: Z) Nuclear fusion

Answer: Z) Z) Nuclear fusion

BONUS phys multiple_choice

On the periodic table, potassium is in what family? W) Halogen X) Alkali metal Y) Alkaline earth metal Z) Chalcogen [KAL-kuh-juhn]

W: W) Halogen

X: X) Alkali metal

Y: Y) Alkaline earth metal

Z: Z) Chalcogen [KAL-kuh-juhn]

Answer: X) X) Alkali metal

TOSS-UP math phrase

After 3 tests, a student has an average score of 80%. What does the student need to score on a fourth test to increase the average score to exactly 84%?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 96%
  • 96

BONUS math multiple_choice

If $\\frac{a}{b} = 3$ and $\\frac{b}{c} = 7$, then $\\frac{a+b}{b+c}$ is equal to which of the following? W) $\\tfrac{7}{2}$ X) $\\tfrac{7}{8}$ Y) $\\tfrac{3}{7}$ Z) $\\tfrac{1}{7}$

W: W) $\\tfrac{7}{2}$

X: X) $\\tfrac{7}{8}$

Y: Y) $\\tfrac{3}{7}$

Z: Z) $\\tfrac{1}{7}$

Answer: W) W) $\\tfrac{7}{2}$

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

What is the purpose of the lateral line in fish? W) Seeing particular colors X) Carrying blood to the gills Y) Producing sound waves Z) Detecting vibration

W: W) Seeing particular colors

X: X) Carrying blood to the gills

Y: Y) Producing sound waves

Z: Z) Detecting vibration

Answer: Z) Z) Detecting vibration

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following would be an example of a mycorrhizal [my-kuh-RY-zuhl] symbiosis? W) A parasitic wasp laying eggs on a caterpillar X) The bacterium Rhizobium [ry-ZOH-bee-uhm] infecting the roots of a peanut plant Y) Ants living in Acacia [uh-KAY-shuh] thorns and protecting the host plant Z) Ants that harvest honeydew from aphids [AY-fids] feeding on plants

W: W) A parasitic wasp laying eggs on a caterpillar

X: X) The bacterium Rhizobium [ry-ZOH-bee-uhm] infecting the roots of a peanut plant

Y: Y) Ants living in Acacia [uh-KAY-shuh] thorns and protecting the host plant

Z: Z) Ants that harvest honeydew from aphids [AY-fids] feeding on plants

Answer: X) X) The bacterium Rhizobium [ry-ZOH-bee-uhm] infecting the roots of a peanut plant

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following rocks is NOT metamorphic? W) Limestone X) Marble Y) Gneiss [NYS] Z) Schist [SHIST]

W: W) Limestone

X: X) Marble

Y: Y) Gneiss [NYS]

Z: Z) Schist [SHIST]

Answer: W) W) Limestone

BONUS ess phrase

Not including brown dwarfs, what is the second coolest class of star?

Acceptable Answers:

  • K

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following sources of radiation is most commonly used to irradiate food? W) Uranium-235 X) Cobalt-60 Y) Radium-226 Z) Potassium-40

W: W) Uranium-235

X: X) Cobalt-60

Y: Y) Radium-226

Z: Z) Potassium-40

Answer: X) X) Cobalt-60

BONUS energy phrase

Over time, the amplitude of a swing decreases. This is because the rider’s mechanical energy is converted to what instead?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HEAT
  • HEAT ENERGY, THERMAL ENERGY

TOSS-UP general phrase

Name the method by which new genetic material can be introduced into a population.

Acceptable Answers:

  • MUTATION
  • GENE FLOW

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

BONUS general multiple_choice

Lateritic [lat-uh-RIT-ik] soils would be found in which biome? W) Tropical rain forest X) Temperate forest Y) Tropical dry forest Z) Taiga [TY-guh]

W: W) Tropical rain forest

X: X) Temperate forest

Y: Y) Tropical dry forest

Z: Z) Taiga [TY-guh]

Answer: W) W) Tropical rain forest

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Central processing units have evolved heavily over the past 30 years. They are responsible for a great deal of computational research, and in addition, have changed the way many people live their lives. What basic circuit element can be found on the order of billions inside many modern CPUs?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TRANSISTORS

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following statements about precipitation is FALSE? W) Can occur by converting a soluble substance into an insoluble form X) Results in a higher purity solid if higher concentration solutions are used Y) Can be used to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions Z) Can occur by changing the composition of a solvent to diminish the solubility of a substance in it

W: W) Can occur by converting a soluble substance into an insoluble form

X: X) Results in a higher purity solid if higher concentration solutions are used

Y: Y) Can be used to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions

Z: Z) Can occur by changing the composition of a solvent to diminish the solubility of a substance in it

Answer: X) X) Results in a higher purity solid if higher concentration solutions are used

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Add $8x$ to $2x$ and then subtract 5 from the sum. If $x$ is a positive integer, the result must be an integer multiple of which of the following? W) 2 X) 5 Y) 8 Z) 10

W: W) 2

X: X) 5

Y: Y) 8

Z: Z) 10

Answer: X) X) 5

BONUS math phrase

If $x$ varies directly as the square of $y$ and $x = 0.5$ when $y = 1$, what is $x$ when $y = 4$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 8

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In human extremities what term is used to describe the evidence that veins are weakening and valves do NOT close properly?

Acceptable Answers:

  • VARICOSE VEINS

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which is NOT one of the essential activities that occurs in the digestive process? W) Ingestion X) Propulsion Y) Mechanical digestion Z) Adsorption

W: W) Ingestion

X: X) Propulsion

Y: Y) Mechanical digestion

Z: Z) Adsorption

Answer: Z) Z) Adsorption

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT considered part of a beach’s foreshore environment? W) Surf zone X) Tidal flat Y) Berm Z) Swash zone

W: W) Surf zone

X: X) Tidal flat

Y: Y) Berm

Z: Z) Swash zone

Answer: Y) Y) Berm

BONUS ess phrase

Around what two points do stars appear to rotate in the sky over the course of a day?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NORTH AND SOUTH CELESTIAL POLES
  • CELESTIAL POLES, NORTH AND SOUTH POLES

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Mendel’s experiments crossing different colored pea plants demonstrated what genetic concept? W) Haploid and diploid variation X) Recessive and dominant genes Y) Gametophyte reproductive cycles Z) Mitotic division

W: W) Haploid and diploid variation

X: X) Recessive and dominant genes

Y: Y) Gametophyte reproductive cycles

Z: Z) Mitotic division

Answer: X) X) Recessive and dominant genes

BONUS general phrase

What specific chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RIGHT VENTRICLE

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

The energy stored in a candle that can be changed into heat and light energy in burning is what type of energy? W) Potential X) Heat Y) Light Z) Chemical

W: W) Potential

X: X) Heat

Y: Y) Light

Z: Z) Chemical

Answer: Z) Z) Chemical

BONUS energy multiple_choice

What is the amperage in a circuit with a 14 volt power source and three 6 ohm light bulbs in parallel? W) 3 X) 5 Y) 7 Z) 9

W: W) 3

X: X) 5

Y: Y) 7

Z: Z) 9

Answer: Y) Y) 7

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

The escape velocity from the event horizon of a black hole is which of the following? W) The speed of light X) Greater than the speed of light Y) Infinity Z) Negative infinity

W: W) The speed of light

X: X) Greater than the speed of light

Y: Y) Infinity

Z: Z) Negative infinity

Answer: W) W) The speed of light

BONUS phys phrase

In what type of current do electrons frequently reverse their direction of travel?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ALTERNATING CURRENT
  • AC

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

What is the value of $\left(\tfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-2}$? W) -4 X) -\tfrac{1}{4} Y) \tfrac{1}{4} Z) 4

W: W) -4

X: X) -\tfrac{1}{4}

Y: Y) \tfrac{1}{4}

Z: Z) 4

Answer: Z) Z) 4

BONUS math phrase

Evaluate the following: $$\log_{2166}(6)$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • \tfrac{1}{3}

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

In which ocean zone would coral reside? W) Pelagic X) Benthic Y) Neritic Z) Intertidal

W: W) Pelagic

X: X) Benthic

Y: Y) Neritic

Z: Z) Intertidal

Answer: Y) Y) Neritic

BONUS bio multiple_choice

What is the correct term for a marine organism whose internal salt concentration varies with that of their environment? W) Osmoregulator X) Ion-concentrators Y) Osmoconformers Z) Urea-concentrators

W: W) Osmoregulator

X: X) Ion-concentrators

Y: Y) Osmoconformers

Z: Z) Urea-concentrators

Answer: Y) Y) Osmoconformers

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the source of the helium-3 found in the lunar regolith?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THE SUN
  • SOLAR WIND

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the reason that a lunar eclipse does not occur during every full moon? W) The Moon's orbit is inclined relative to the Earth's X) Lunar eclipses only occur during an equinox Y) Lunar eclipses only occur during a solstice Z) Lunar eclipses only occur during a new moon

W: W) The Moon's orbit is inclined relative to the Earth's

X: X) Lunar eclipses only occur during an equinox

Y: Y) Lunar eclipses only occur during a solstice

Z: Z) Lunar eclipses only occur during a new moon

Answer: W) W) The Moon's orbit is inclined relative to the Earth's

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following does NOT contribute to eutrophication [yoo-tro-fi-KAY-shun]? W) Excess fertilizer usage X) Untreated sewage and waste water Y) Increased oxygen inputs Z) Industrial animal waste

W: W) Excess fertilizer usage

X: X) Untreated sewage and waste water

Y: Y) Increased oxygen inputs

Z: Z) Industrial animal waste

Answer: Y) Y) Increased oxygen inputs

BONUS general multiple_choice

What is true about the drifting of North America and Europe? W) It is away from each other at approximately 2.5 centimeters per year X) It is toward each other at approximately 2.5 centimeters per year Y) It is away from each other at approximately 2.5 millimeters per year Z) It is toward each other at approximately 2.5 millimeters per year

W: W) It is away from each other at approximately 2.5 centimeters per year

X: X) It is toward each other at approximately 2.5 centimeters per year

Y: Y) It is away from each other at approximately 2.5 millimeters per year

Z: Z) It is toward each other at approximately 2.5 millimeters per year

Answer: W) W) It is away from each other at approximately 2.5 centimeters per year

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Two objects have the same size and shape, but one is twice as heavy as the other. They are dropped simultaneously from a building. If air resistance is negligible, which of the following is true? W) The heavy one lands on the ground before the light one X) They land on the ground at the same time but the heavy one has more speed upon impact Y) They land on the ground at the same time and have the same speed upon impact Z) They land on the ground at the same time but the heavy object has a lower acceleration

W: W) The heavy one lands on the ground before the light one

X: X) They land on the ground at the same time but the heavy one has more speed upon impact

Y: Y) They land on the ground at the same time and have the same speed upon impact

Z: Z) They land on the ground at the same time but the heavy object has a lower acceleration

Answer: Y) Y) They land on the ground at the same time and have the same speed upon impact

BONUS phys phrase

What is the term that describes the factor by which the speed of light is decreased when traveling through a given material?

Acceptable Answers:

  • REFRACTIVE INDEX

TOSS-UP math phrase

If an event has a 45% chance of success in any single trial, how many successful events would one expect to have occurred after 5,000 trials?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2,250

BONUS math multiple_choice

In which quadrants do the solutions to the inequality $$2x + 3 < y < -\tfrac12 x - 5$$ lie? W) I and II X) II, III and IV Y) II and III Z) I, II and III

W: W) I and II

X: X) II, III and IV

Y: Y) II and III

Z: Z) I, II and III

Answer: Y) Y) II and III

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Other than a battery, what else will produce a direct current with no moving parts?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THERMOCOUPLES
  • SOLAR CELLS

BONUS energy phrase

In a northern climate, what should be the orientation of windows in a passively heated solar home?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SOUTH

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the primary chemical constituent of the cell wall in plants?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CELLULOSE

BONUS bio multiple_choice

The process of nitrogen fixation is extremely energy intensive due to which of the following? W) Atoms of free nitrogen are triply bound to other nitrogen atoms X) Atoms of free nitrogen are highly reactive Y) The nitrogen atom is highly unreactive Z) Nitrogen atoms are usually found tightly bound to alkaline earth metals

W: W) Atoms of free nitrogen are triply bound to other nitrogen atoms

X: X) Atoms of free nitrogen are highly reactive

Y: Y) The nitrogen atom is highly unreactive

Z: Z) Nitrogen atoms are usually found tightly bound to alkaline earth metals

Answer: W) W) Atoms of free nitrogen are triply bound to other nitrogen atoms