MS Sample Set 14, Round 6 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are studying the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II. In eukaryotes, this complex is located in what organelle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CHLOROPLAST

BONUS energy phrase

Scientists at Princeton Plasma Physics Lab are using 3D modeling to predict the behavior of Ganymede’s magnetic field. Ganymede is a satellite of what planet?

Acceptable Answers:

  • JUPITER

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The energy carried by a sound wave most directly depends on what physical property of that wave?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AMPLITUDE

BONUS phys multiple_choice

On a rolling bicycle wheel, which of the following parts of the wheel has the highest instantaneous speed relative to the ground? W) The center of the wheel X) The bottom of the wheel Y) The top of the wheel Z) The forward-most edge of the wheel

W: W) The center of the wheel

X: X) The bottom of the wheel

Y: Y) The top of the wheel

Z: Z) The forward-most edge of the wheel

Answer: Y) Y) The top of the wheel

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What time of day will a moonrise occur during a new moon? W) Midnight X) Dawn Y) Noon Z) Dusk

W: W) Midnight

X: X) Dawn

Y: Y) Noon

Z: Z) Dusk

Answer: X) X) Dawn

BONUS ess multiple_choice

What minor component of Uranus and Neptune’s atmospheres causes them to appear blue-green? W) Methane X) Hydrogen Y) Helium Z) Water

W: W) Methane

X: X) Hydrogen

Y: Y) Helium

Z: Z) Water

Answer: W) W) Methane

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Heartburn is generally caused by stomach acids flowing into which other organ?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ESOPHAGUS

BONUS bio phrase

What is the term for the speed that an animal uses energy, which can be measured in units of liters of oxygen per hour?

Acceptable Answers:

  • METABOLIC RATE
  • BASAL METABOLIC RATE, STANDARD METABOLIC RATE

TOSS-UP math phrase

For a group of 60 Science Bowl players, 55 percent were eighth-graders, 25 percent were seventh-graders, and the rest were sixth-graders. How many players in the group were sixth-graders?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 12

BONUS math phrase

If two exterior angles of a triangle measure 133 degrees and 118 degrees, respectively, what is the degree measure of the interior angle not adjacent to either of the given exterior angles?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 71

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of these minerals would most likely be used in making industrial abrasives such as sandpaper due to its hardness? W) Barite X) Calcite Y) Halite Z) Garnet

W: W) Barite

X: X) Calcite

Y: Y) Halite

Z: Z) Garnet

Answer: Z) Z) Garnet

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following radioactive isotopes would be the most useful for dating rocks over 3 billion years old? W) Carbon-14 X) Uranium-238 Y) Bismuth-212 Z) Cobalt-60

W: W) Carbon-14

X: X) Uranium-238

Y: Y) Bismuth-212

Z: Z) Cobalt-60

Answer: X) X) Uranium-238

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following quantities is kept constant by a gas undergoing an isobaric process? W) Temperature X) Volume Y) Internal energy Z) Pressure

W: W) Temperature

X: X) Volume

Y: Y) Internal energy

Z: Z) Pressure

Answer: Z) Z) Pressure

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three quantities that are components of a light wave: 1) Electric field; 2) Magnetic field; 3) Charged particle.

Choices:

  • Electric field
  • Magnetic field
  • Charged particle

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Jefferson Lab scientists are studying the pressure on the subatomic particles in the nucleus. What two composite subatomic particles can be found in the nucleus?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PROTONS AND NEUTRONS

BONUS energy phrase

Savannah River National Lab researchers are analyzing the toxic effects of mercury compounds such as CH₃Hg⁺. In this ion, what functional group is attached to the mercury atom?

Acceptable Answers:

  • METHYL

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the product of the two radical expressions 8√3 and 4√3?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 96

BONUS math phrase

Five and two-thirds chocolate bars are to be split equally among 7 people. Expressed as a decimal to the nearest hundredth, how much of a chocolate bar will each person receive?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.81

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What disease, which is the leading cause of dementia, is characterized by the formation of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ALZHEIMER’S

BONUS bio phrase

The layers of an onion that are used for storing food are adapted versions of what plant organ?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LEAF

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Organic chemistry is a field of chemistry primarily devoted to studying compounds containing what element?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is an example of a class three lever? W) Wheelbarrow X) Scissors Y) Seesaw Z) Tweezers

W: W) Wheelbarrow

X: X) Scissors

Y: Y) Seesaw

Z: Z) Tweezers

Answer: Z) Z) Tweezers

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Scientists at Argonne National Lab are developing algorithms that run on quantum computers to solve optimization problems. Which of the following is best described as an optimization problem? W) Finding the zero of a polynomial X) Solving a system of linear equations Y) Finding a line that fits a collection of points Z) Multiplying two large matrices

W: W) Finding the zero of a polynomial

X: X) Solving a system of linear equations

Y: Y) Finding a line that fits a collection of points

Z: Z) Multiplying two large matrices

Answer: Y) Y) Finding a line that fits a collection of points

BONUS energy phrase

Pacific Northwest and Savannah River National Lab researchers are working together to study the role of the iodate ion in bacteria as a potential terminal electron acceptor. What molecule is typically the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OXYGEN
  • DIOXYGEN, O₂

TOSS-UP math phrase

Simplify the fraction with numerator 32 minus 48 and denominator 4.

Acceptable Answers:

  • –4

BONUS math phrase

A right circular cylinder has radius 4 and height 10. A second right circular cylinder has radius 6 and height 7. What is the larger lateral surface area of the two cylinders?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$84\pi$$

TOSS-UP bio phrase

When retrospectively associating a disease with an exposure, it is not enough to look at people with the disease. What is the term for the group of healthy individuals that the study must also investigate?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CONTROL

BONUS bio phrase

Mammals have a double circulation, with one set of blood vessels supplying most of the body and the other set traveling to what organ?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LUNGS

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following phenomena causes sunspots? W) Planetary shadows X) The Sun’s magnetic field Y) Gravitational anomalies Z) Chemical reactions between oxygen and hydrogen

W: W) Planetary shadows

X: X) The Sun’s magnetic field

Y: Y) Gravitational anomalies

Z: Z) Chemical reactions between oxygen and hydrogen

Answer: X) X) The Sun’s magnetic field

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three constellations that will be observed to pass behind the sun over the course of a year: 1) Capricornus; 2) Ursa Major; 3) Taurus.

Choices:

  • Capricornus
  • Ursa Major
  • Taurus

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

In a circuit diagram, two parallel lines of equal length with a gap in between represents which of the following circuit components? W) Battery X) Inductor Y) Capacitor Z) Resistor

W: W) Battery

X: X) Inductor

Y: Y) Capacitor

Z: Z) Resistor

Answer: Y) Y) Capacitor

BONUS phys phrase

In a transverse wave, what physical quantity is defined as one-half the distance between a crest and a trough?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AMPLITUDE

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Organ transplantations do not always succeed because the body may attack and reject the donated tissue. What organ system is responsible for mounting this attack?

Acceptable Answers:

  • IMMUNE

BONUS bio phrase

The most common form of color blindness results in the difficulty of distinguishing what two primary colors?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RED AND GREEN

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis suggested that approximately 200 million years ago, the continents were a giant landmass named what?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PANGAEA

BONUS ess multiple_choice

In which of the following locations would one most likely find a passive continental margin? W) Off the eastern coast of Japan X) Off the eastern coast of the US Y) Off the southern coast of Alaska Z) Off the western coast of Chile

W: W) Off the eastern coast of Japan

X: X) Off the eastern coast of the US

Y: Y) Off the southern coast of Alaska

Z: Z) Off the western coast of Chile

Answer: X) X) Off the eastern coast of the US

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the equation of the horizontal line that passes through the point with coordinates (3, 5)?

Acceptable Answers:

  • y = 5

BONUS math phrase

What is the area of an equilateral triangle with sides of length 26?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$169\sqrt{3}$$

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the mechanical advantage of a simple machine designed such that for an input force of 24 newtons, it provides an output force of 120 newtons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three substances that are liquid at room temperature: 1) Mercury; 2) Methane; 3) Ammonia.

Choices:

  • Mercury
  • Methane
  • Ammonia

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP ess phrase

O, B, A, and G are spectral types used to classify what objects?

Acceptable Answers:

  • STARS

BONUS ess phrase

The lunar maria are primarily composed of what rock type?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BASALT

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Bacterial cells are an example of what type of cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PROKARYOTIC
  • PROKARYOTE

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following three organs that are part of the lymphatic system: 1) Tonsils; 2) Spleen; 3) Bladder.

Choices:

  • Tonsils
  • Spleen
  • Bladder

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP math phrase

If the perimeter of a triangle is 51, and the lengths of two of its sides are 17 and 19, what is the length of its third side?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 15

BONUS math phrase

Given the right triangle with legs of length 5 and 6 and angle A opposite the side of length 5, what is tangent A + cotangent A?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 61/30
  • 2 1/30