HS Sample Set 4, Round 13 from NSB
What is the van ’t Hoff factor for glucose?
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What color of flame does lithium produce in a flame test?
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What is the name for a spherical collection of stars that orbits a galactic core as a satellite?
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What method of distance estimation, used for relatively close stars, involves telescope observations at 6-month intervals?
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Which period involved a major extinction event that included the dinosaurs? W) Between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras X) Between the Phanerozoic and the Precambrian eras Y) Between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras Z) Between the Precambrian and Paleozoic eras
W: W) Between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras
X: X) Between the Phanerozoic and the Precambrian eras
Y: Y) Between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras
Z: Z) Between the Precambrian and Paleozoic eras
Answer: Y) Y) Between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras
If a 24 hour clock was made to model the major events of the evolution of life on Earth, humans would appear: W) Close to the beginning of the 24 hour period X) About 12 hours through the 24 hour period Y) About 2 hours before the 24 hours were up Z) Less than a minute before the 24 hours were up
W: W) Close to the beginning of the 24 hour period
X: X) About 12 hours through the 24 hour period
Y: Y) About 2 hours before the 24 hours were up
Z: Z) Less than a minute before the 24 hours were up
Answer: Z) Z) Less than a minute before the 24 hours were up
Which of the following does a Carnot engine convert? W) Energy to heat X) Pressure to volume Y) Heat to work Z) Work to pressure
W: W) Energy to heat
X: X) Pressure to volume
Y: Y) Heat to work
Z: Z) Work to pressure
Answer: Y) Y) Heat to work
A heat engine operates with 60 kilocalories of heat supplied, and exhausts 40 kilocalories of heat. How much work, in joules, did the engine do? Provide your answer to the nearest thousand.
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Flowers are actually miniature stems that produce four kinds of specialized: W) Roots X) Leaves Y) Vascular tissue Z) Cones
W: W) Roots
X: X) Leaves
Y: Y) Vascular tissue
Z: Z) Cones
Answer: X) X) Leaves
Which of the following is a characteristic of old growth forests? W) Soil profiles have well-defined horizons X) All trees are roughly the same age Y) Sunlight is uniformly distributed Z) Ground cover is low in organic matter
W: W) Soil profiles have well-defined horizons
X: X) All trees are roughly the same age
Y: Y) Sunlight is uniformly distributed
Z: Z) Ground cover is low in organic matter
Answer: W) W) Soil profiles have well-defined horizons
Careful measurements have shown that the mass of a particular atom is always slightly less than the sum of the masses of the individual neutrons, protons, and electrons of which the atom consists. What is the difference between the mass of the atom and the sum of the masses of its parts called?
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A 62 kg boy on a 1.50 kg skateboard moving at 1.2 m/s steps off and lands on the sidewalk with a velocity of 1.1 m/s. Providing your answer to the nearest tenth, how fast is the skateboard moving in meters per second?
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If Saturn is approximately 10 times further from the Sun than Earth, what is the ratio of the intensity of solar radiation it receives relative to Earth? Provide your answer in lowest terms.
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If Earth’s axial tilt was 28° in the opposite direction, which of the following would be true? W) There would be more extreme seasonal variations X) The eastern and western hemispheres’ seasons would reverse Y) Plate tectonics would halt Z) Tides would reverse their patterns
W: W) There would be more extreme seasonal variations
X: X) The eastern and western hemispheres’ seasons would reverse
Y: Y) Plate tectonics would halt
Z: Z) Tides would reverse their patterns
Answer: W) W) There would be more extreme seasonal variations
Which of the following numbers is not prime? W) 137 X) 143 Y) 167 Z) 229
W: W) 137
X: X) 143
Y: Y) 167
Z: Z) 229
Answer: X) X) 143
If a random number R is a real number from the closed interval [0,1], then how many possible integer values could be generated by the expression 12R + 7?
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What are the most abundant cells in bones?
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Name all of the following that are NOT located in the cortex of the mammalian kidney: 1) Glomeruli and Bowman’s capsules; 2) Collecting ducts; 3) Proximal convoluted tubules.
Choices:
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What is the formula for sulfurous acid?
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Which of the following is the strongest acid? W) HCl X) HBr Y) HI Z) HNO₃
W: W) HCl
X: X) HBr
Y: Y) HI
Z: Z) HNO₃
Answer: Y) Y) HI
Which of the following explains why extremely high energy is needed for fusion to work? W) To break the nuclei into two parts X) To bind the protons and electrons Y) To overcome the electrical repulsion between two positively charged nuclei Z) To create the necessary supercold environment
W: W) To break the nuclei into two parts
X: X) To bind the protons and electrons
Y: Y) To overcome the electrical repulsion between two positively charged nuclei
Z: Z) To create the necessary supercold environment
Answer: Y) Y) To overcome the electrical repulsion between two positively charged nuclei
The temperature in the region of the Sun where fusion occurs is about how many degrees Fahrenheit? W) 1,000 X) 50,000 Y) 7,800,000 Z) 27,000,000
W: W) 1,000
X: X) 50,000
Y: Y) 7,800,000
Z: Z) 27,000,000
Answer: Z) Z) 27,000,000
Which of the following chemical bonds is not important in polymer formation? W) Glycosidic X) Hydrogen Y) Peptide Z) Phosphodiester
W: W) Glycosidic
X: X) Hydrogen
Y: Y) Peptide
Z: Z) Phosphodiester
Answer: X) X) Hydrogen
What relationship exists between bond length and bond order?
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Which of the following radical expressions is in simplest form? W) √31 / 3 X) –5 √175 Y) 6 √(x²/4) Z) –√(153 x)
W: W) √31 / 3
X: X) –5 √175
Y: Y) 6 √(x²/4)
Z: Z) –√(153 x)
Answer: W) W) √31 / 3
If x is negative, simplify 7 √(5x) × √(180 x⁵).
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What is the term used to describe the total amount of energy used in the production of a product, including raw material extraction, manufacture, transportation, assembly, and all other aspects of production?
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In 2009, demand for small wind systems for residential and small business use grew 15%, adding 20 megawatts of wind-generating capacity. What was the approximate capacity of small wind systems in 2008 in megawatts? W) 17 X) 35 Y) 115 Z) 133
W: W) 17
X: X) 35
Y: Y) 115
Z: Z) 133
Answer: Z) Z) 133
Which of the following is NOT a metamorphic rock? W) Schist X) Gneiss Y) Basalt Z) Marble
W: W) Schist
X: X) Gneiss
Y: Y) Basalt
Z: Z) Marble
Answer: Y) Y) Basalt
Which of these is NOT true about ultramafic rock? W) The Earth’s mantle is composed of ultramafic rock X) Ultramafic rocks are usually dark colored Y) Ultramafic rock crystallizes at higher temperatures than felsic rock Z) Andesite is a type of ultramafic rock
W: W) The Earth’s mantle is composed of ultramafic rock
X: X) Ultramafic rocks are usually dark colored
Y: Y) Ultramafic rock crystallizes at higher temperatures than felsic rock
Z: Z) Andesite is a type of ultramafic rock
Answer: Z) Z) Andesite is a type of ultramafic rock
An electron-volt is the: W) Energy gained by 1 electron falling through a 1 meter vertical distance X) Energy of a visible light photon Y) Energy of 1 electron accelerated through a 1 volt potential difference Z) Energy of a typical electron orbiting a nucleus
W: W) Energy gained by 1 electron falling through a 1 meter vertical distance
X: X) Energy of a visible light photon
Y: Y) Energy of 1 electron accelerated through a 1 volt potential difference
Z: Z) Energy of a typical electron orbiting a nucleus
Answer: Y) Y) Energy of 1 electron accelerated through a 1 volt potential difference
What is the world’s largest and highest energy particle accelerator, designed to collide proton beams at 7 teraelectron volts?
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During oxidative phosphorylation, the proton gradient is used to drive which enzyme?
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What is the approximate Gibbs free energy change per mole associated with oxidation of glucose? W) –3000 kilojoules X) –3000 joules Y) 3000 joules Z) 3000 kilojoules
W: W) –3000 kilojoules
X: X) –3000 joules
Y: Y) 3000 joules
Z: Z) 3000 kilojoules
Answer: W) W) –3000 kilojoules
What are the x-intercepts of y = x² – 15x + 54?
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Which of the following equations does not have real solutions? W) –3x² + 3 = 0 X) x² – 5x + 2 = 0 Y) 4x² – 3x – 0.25 = 0 Z) x² – x + 1 = 0
W: W) –3x² + 3 = 0
X: X) x² – 5x + 2 = 0
Y: Y) 4x² – 3x – 0.25 = 0
Z: Z) x² – x + 1 = 0
Answer: Z) Z) x² – x + 1 = 0
An engine yields 100 watts of power for every 1000 watts received. What is the efficiency of the engine?
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Using 750 watts per horsepower, if a 120 horsepower engine ran for 10 hours, how much energy, in kilowatt-hours, would it consume? Provide your answer to the nearest integer.
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Which of the following molecules is NOT known to destroy ozone molecules in our stratosphere? W) Chlorofluorocarbons X) Chlorine Y) Bromine Z) Argon
W: W) Chlorofluorocarbons
X: X) Chlorine
Y: Y) Bromine
Z: Z) Argon
Answer: Z) Z) Argon
In which of the following months is the Antarctic ozone hole the largest? W) January X) April Y) July Z) September
W: W) January
X: X) April
Y: Y) July
Z: Z) September
Answer: Z) Z) September
Which of the following is NOT an example of the negative effects of bioaccumulation of toxins in the environment? W) The thinning of bird eggshells due to DDT X) Inedibility of oysters due to their filter feeding on naturally occurring red tide algae Y) Birth defects in babies exposed to Accutane in utero Z) Inedibility of fish due to mercury content
W: W) The thinning of bird eggshells due to DDT
X: X) Inedibility of oysters due to their filter feeding on naturally occurring red tide algae
Y: Y) Birth defects in babies exposed to Accutane in utero
Z: Z) Inedibility of fish due to mercury content
Answer: Y) Y) Birth defects in babies exposed to Accutane in utero
If a deer population exceeds its carrying capacity, which of the following will likely happen? W) The birth rate will increase X) The death rate will increase Y) The death rate will decrease Z) Carrying capacity will increase
W: W) The birth rate will increase
X: X) The death rate will increase
Y: Y) The death rate will decrease
Z: Z) Carrying capacity will increase
Answer: X) X) The death rate will increase
What is the reference angle for [angle shown in diagram]?
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Given coordinates A (1, 2), B (7, 1), C (3, 0), and D (4, 6), find the angle in degrees between the vectors shown.
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Flood basalts, such as the Cretaceous Deccan Traps in Siberia, may have had a major impact on which of the following past events? W) Climate change X) Formation of island arcs Y) Human development Z) Interruption in stratospheric circulation
W: W) Climate change
X: X) Formation of island arcs
Y: Y) Human development
Z: Z) Interruption in stratospheric circulation
Answer: W) W) Climate change
The Deccan traps of 66 million years ago may have influenced Earth’s climate through the release of which sulfur species common to volcanic gases?
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What is the smallest integer greater than 1 that is relatively prime with 210?
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Which of the following numbers is not a Mersenne prime? W) 7 X) 31 Y) 61 Z) 127
W: W) 7
X: X) 31
Y: Y) 61
Z: Z) 127
Answer: Y) Y) 61
Which of the following 1.0 molar solutions will have the highest pH? W) Hydrochloric acid X) Nitrous acid Y) Sulfuric acid Z) Hydrobromic acid
W: W) Hydrochloric acid
X: X) Nitrous acid
Y: Y) Sulfuric acid
Z: Z) Hydrobromic acid
Answer: X) X) Nitrous acid
10 milliliters of a 0.1 molar solution of which of the following substances added to 10 milliliters of a 0.1 molar acetic acid solution will form a buffer solution? W) Hydrochloric acid X) Sodium chloride Y) Sodium hydroxide Z) Potassium acetate
W: W) Hydrochloric acid
X: X) Sodium chloride
Y: Y) Sodium hydroxide
Z: Z) Potassium acetate
Answer: Z) Z) Potassium acetate