MS Sample Set 10, Round 14 from NSB
Which of the following organs is NOT part of the endocrine system? W) Pancreas X) Spleen Y) Ovary Z) Hypothalamus
W: W) Pancreas
X: X) Spleen
Y: Y) Ovary
Z: Z) Hypothalamus
Answer: X) X) Spleen
Arrange these four groups in order of age of origin, from earliest to latest: 1) Amphibians; 2) Birds; 3) Fish; 4) Crocodiles.
Choices:
Correct Order:
Neglecting air resistance, at what angle, in degrees, should a projectile be fired from ground level in order to maximize its range?
Acceptable Answers:
A particle initially at rest had a constant acceleration applied to it for 12 seconds, at which point it had been displaced by 216 meters from its original position. What was the magnitude, in meters per second squared, of the applied acceleration?
Acceptable Answers:
A polynomial function has a zero at x = –6. Which of the following must be a factor of the polynomial? W) –6x X) 6x Y) x + 6 Z) x – 6
W: W) –6x
X: X) 6x
Y: Y) x + 6
Z: Z) x – 6
Answer: Y) Y) x + 6
An isosceles right triangle with legs of length 10 is inscribed in a circle in such a way that its hypotenuse coincides with a diameter of the circle. To the nearest integer, what is the area of the circle?
Acceptable Answers:
Radiocarbon dating is a commonly used technique for determining the age of organic material. Which of the following numbers is closest to the age, in years, after which organic material is unsuitable for carbon dating? W) 5,000 X) 50,000 Y) 500,000 Z) 5 million
W: W) 5,000
X: X) 50,000
Y: Y) 500,000
Z: Z) 5 million
Answer: X) X) 50,000
Which of the following materials should a geochronologist study to get the best estimate of the age of the Earth? W) Oldest continental crust X) Oldest oceanic crust Y) Lunar rock Z) Meteorites
W: W) Oldest continental crust
X: X) Oldest oceanic crust
Y: Y) Lunar rock
Z: Z) Meteorites
Answer: Z) Z) Meteorites
In what California desert is the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generation System, the world's largest solar thermal power station?
Acceptable Answers:
When nuclear fuel rods are placed underwater, a blue glow can be observed around them. What is the term for this phenomenon? W) Cherenkov radiation X) Mendeleev radiation Y) Gamma radiation Z) Ultraviolet radiation
W: W) Cherenkov radiation
X: X) Mendeleev radiation
Y: Y) Gamma radiation
Z: Z) Ultraviolet radiation
Answer: W) W) Cherenkov radiation
Who estimated the circumference of the Earth using geometry in about 230 B.C.?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following describes the type of growth represented by a population pyramid with a wide base and a narrow peak? W) Expansive growth X) Constrictive growth Y) Decreasing Z) Neutral
W: W) Expansive growth
X: X) Constrictive growth
Y: Y) Decreasing
Z: Z) Neutral
Answer: W) W) Expansive growth
Iodine deficiency is associated with the swelling of what gland?
Acceptable Answers:
In adult humans, what leukocyte type composes the largest percentage of leukocytes in circulation?
Acceptable Answers:
Identify all of the following three scientific ideas and explanations that are considered to be a proven fact: 1) A law; 2) A theory; 3) A hypothesis.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
Arrange the following four events in chronological order from earliest to most recent: 1) Newton invents calculus; 2) Galileo discovers sunspots; 3) Copernicus hypothesizes that the planets revolve around the sun; 4) Bernoulli proposes the laws of fluid mechanics.
Choices:
Correct Order:
What is the equation of the axis of symmetry for the graph of $$y = x^2 - 4x + 4$$? W) x = -2 X) y = -2 Y) x = 2 Z) y = 2
W: W) x = -2
X: X) y = -2
Y: Y) x = 2
Z: Z) y = 2
Answer: Y) Y) x = 2
How many diagonals does a convex 13-sided polygon have?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following is TRUE of the apparent path of the Sun across the sky in the United States in June? W) The Sun rises North of East and sets North of West X) The Sun rises North of East and sets South of West Y) The Sun rises South of East and sets North of West Z) The Sun rises South of East and sets South of West
W: W) The Sun rises North of East and sets North of West
X: X) The Sun rises North of East and sets South of West
Y: Y) The Sun rises South of East and sets North of West
Z: Z) The Sun rises South of East and sets South of West
Answer: W) W) The Sun rises North of East and sets North of West
Identify all of the following three statements about pulsars that are true: 1) They are rotating white dwarfs; 2) There are four in our Solar System; 3) They were discovered by Jocelyn Bell.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
What area of chemistry is concerned with studying the rates of chemical reactions?
Acceptable Answers:
Gluons are the carrier of what fundamental force?
Acceptable Answers:
In a lithium-ion battery, what happens to the battery when the anode and cathode reactions are run in reverse? W) It goes dead X) It short-circuits Y) It runs twice as long Z) It recharges
W: W) It goes dead
X: X) It short-circuits
Y: Y) It runs twice as long
Z: Z) It recharges
Answer: Z) Z) It recharges
High-voltage transmission line voltages are typically at least which of the following voltages? W) 220 X) 1,100 Y) 44,000 Z) 110,000
W: W) 220
X: X) 1,100
Y: Y) 44,000
Z: Z) 110,000
Answer: Z) Z) 110,000
In 2012, what commercial spacecraft successfully flew to the International Space Station and back? W) Arecibo X) Dragon Y) Constellation Z) Vostok 1
W: W) Arecibo
X: X) Dragon
Y: Y) Constellation
Z: Z) Vostok 1
Answer: X) X) Dragon
Arrange the following three units of distance from shortest to longest: 1) Astronomical unit; 2) Parsec; 3) Light-year.
Choices:
Correct Order:
Nondisjunction can result in an abnormal number of chromosomes. What is the name for this condition?
Acceptable Answers:
If a cell contains 18 chromatids in metaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes exist in each daughter cell after cytokinesis?
Acceptable Answers:
What is the SI unit of energy? W) Volt X) Joule Y) Watt Z) Ampere
W: W) Volt
X: X) Joule
Y: Y) Watt
Z: Z) Ampere
Answer: X) X) Joule
To two significant figures, how many ounces is equivalent to 400 grams?
Acceptable Answers:
What particle was found as a result of historic cathode ray experiments?
Acceptable Answers:
A discharged capacitor is connected to a DC battery. One-half second after the connection is made, an ammeter in line with the capacitor shows that the current is 1.2 amps. As you continue to watch the ammeter, what will you see? W) The current will remain constant at 1.2 amps X) The current will stay constant at 1.2 amps and then rapidly drop to zero Y) The current will slowly increase to a maximum and then slowly decrease to zero Z) The current will steadily decrease to zero
W: W) The current will remain constant at 1.2 amps
X: X) The current will stay constant at 1.2 amps and then rapidly drop to zero
Y: Y) The current will slowly increase to a maximum and then slowly decrease to zero
Z: Z) The current will steadily decrease to zero
Answer: Z) Z) The current will steadily decrease to zero
Solve the following equation for x: \(\lvert x - 3\rvert = 9\).
Acceptable Answers:
Find the length, rounded to the nearest whole number, of a space diagonal in a right rectangular prism with edges of length 5, 7, and 10.
Acceptable Answers:
According to the Department of Energy, as of 2014, which of the following is closest to the percentage of U.S. energy used for transportation that is provided by oil? W) 56 X) 71 Y) 92 Z) 100
W: W) 56
X: X) 71
Y: Y) 92
Z: Z) 100
Answer: Y) Y) 92
According to the EPA, which of the following is closest to the percentage of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2009 that resulted from the provision of food? W) 1 X) 7 Y) 13 Z) 19
W: W) 1
X: X) 7
Y: Y) 13
Z: Z) 19
Answer: Y) Y) 13
Which of the following sediment loads in a stream can be transported by saltation? W) Dissolved X) Suspended Y) Bed Z) Floating
W: W) Dissolved
X: X) Suspended
Y: Y) Bed
Z: Z) Floating
Answer: Y) Y) Bed
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding plate tectonics? W) The Mid-Atlantic ridge is a divergent plate boundary X) Convergent and transform boundaries are responsible for most major earthquakes Y) Approximately 75% of the world’s volcanoes are associated with the circum-Pacific belt Z) The Juan de Fuca plate is diverging from the North American plate
W: W) The Mid-Atlantic ridge is a divergent plate boundary
X: X) Convergent and transform boundaries are responsible for most major earthquakes
Y: Y) Approximately 75% of the world’s volcanoes are associated with the circum-Pacific belt
Z: Z) The Juan de Fuca plate is diverging from the North American plate
Answer: Z) Z) The Juan de Fuca plate is diverging from the North American plate
If \(\sin(\theta) = \tfrac{3}{5}\) for an angle \(\theta\) in a right triangle, what is \(\cos(\theta)\)?
Acceptable Answers:
Solve the following system of two equations for x and y: x + y = 5, x – 3y = 13.
Acceptable Answers:
According to alkane nomenclature, the “two” in 2-methylpentane indicates the position of what functional group?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following is the correctly balanced equation for the electrolysis of water? W) H₂O → H₂ + O₂ X) H₂ + O₂ → H₂O Y) 2 H₂O → 2 H₂ + O₂ Z) 2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
W: W) H₂O → H₂ + O₂
X: X) H₂ + O₂ → H₂O
Y: Y) 2 H₂O → 2 H₂ + O₂
Z: Z) 2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
Answer: Y) Y) 2 H₂O → 2 H₂ + O₂
What is the term for the amount of energy required to homolytically break a bond between two atoms?
Acceptable Answers:
What is the kinetic energy, in joules, of an object with a mass of 15 kilograms and a velocity of 5 meters per second?
Acceptable Answers:
If a person has cyanosis, what color is his or her skin? W) Blue X) Red Y) Yellow Z) Pale or blanched
W: W) Blue
X: X) Red
Y: Y) Yellow
Z: Z) Pale or blanched
Answer: W) W) Blue
Villi and microvilli in the small intestine, cristae in the mitochondrial inner membrane, and thylakoids in the plant chloroplast are structures that evolved to maximize what physical property?
Acceptable Answers: