MS Sample Set 14, Round 7 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at Brookhaven National Lab are studying hadrons that are made of a quark and an antiquark. What is the term for these hadrons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MESONS

BONUS energy multiselect

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab are using neutron spallation to study the structure of chocolate, which contains theobromine [theo-BROH-meen], also known as xantheose [ZAN-the-ohs]. Identify all of the following three elements that are in theobromine: 1) Nitrogen; 2) Carbon; 3) Bromine.

Choices:

  • Nitrogen
  • Carbon
  • Bromine

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Carl Seyfert [SEE-fert] is known for identifying six objects with unusually bright nuclei. What are these objects?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GALAXIES

BONUS ess multiple_choice

What prominent August meteor shower is associated with the comet Swift-Tuttle? W) Lyrids [LIE-rids] X) Orionids [oh-RYE-oh-nids] Y) Geminids [GEM-in-id] Z) Perseids [PURSE-ee-ids]

W: W) Lyrids [LIE-rids]

X: X) Orionids [oh-RYE-oh-nids]

Y: Y) Geminids [GEM-in-id]

Z: Z) Perseids [PURSE-ee-ids]

Answer: Z) Z) Perseids [PURSE-ee-ids]

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the term for an organism that possesses two copies of the same allele for a given gene?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HOMOZYGOUS

BONUS bio phrase

Alveoli [al-VEE-uh-lye] are small structures that are adapted for maximizing surface area for gas exchange. In what organ are they found?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LUNGS

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Researchers at the National Renewable Energy Lab are developing solar cells composed of a single element often obtained from sand. Of what element are these solar cells composed?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SILICON
  • Si

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Savannah River National Lab scientists are studying the diversity of macroinvertebrates in local streams. Which of the following animals is a macroinvertebrate they are studying? W) Lamprey X) Mayfly Y) Beaver trout Z) Bullfrog

W: W) Lamprey

X: X) Mayfly

Y: Y) Beaver trout

Z: Z) Bullfrog

Answer: X) X) Mayfly

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the number of inches in 3.5 yards?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 126

BONUS math phrase

What is $$\frac{11}{15} - \frac{19}{21}$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$-\frac{6}{35}$$

TOSS-UP phys phrase

A ray of light hits a mirror at an incidence angle of 30 degrees relative to the normal. In degrees, what is the angle of reflection relative to the normal?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 30

BONUS phys multiple_choice

When a roller coaster executes a loop-de-loop, riders do not feel like they are falling out of the seat. From a rider’s reference frame, which of the following best explains this? W) The outward-directed centrifugal force counteracts gravity X) The outward-directed centripetal force counteracts gravity Y) The inward-directed centrifugal force counteracts gravity Z) The inward-directed centripetal force counteracts gravity

W: W) The outward-directed centrifugal force counteracts gravity

X: X) The outward-directed centripetal force counteracts gravity

Y: Y) The inward-directed centrifugal force counteracts gravity

Z: Z) The inward-directed centripetal force counteracts gravity

Answer: W) W) The outward-directed centrifugal force counteracts gravity

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes the relationship between weather and climate? W) Weather describes temperature, precipitation, and wind, climate only describes temperature X) Weather and climate are synonyms Y) Weather describes day to day conditions, climate describes long-term average conditions Z) Weather describes the conditions on a global scale, climate describes the conditions in a particular location

W: W) Weather describes temperature, precipitation, and wind, climate only describes temperature

X: X) Weather and climate are synonyms

Y: Y) Weather describes day to day conditions, climate describes long-term average conditions

Z: Z) Weather describes the conditions on a global scale, climate describes the conditions in a particular location

Answer: Y) Y) Weather describes day to day conditions, climate describes long-term average conditions

BONUS ess phrase

The fundamental building block of all silicate [SILL-ih-kate] minerals is silicon and oxygen arranged in a shape similar to what platonic solid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TETRAHEDRON

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is 70% of 30 plus 70% of 40?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 49

BONUS math phrase

If the area of a circle is numerically four times its circumference, what is the area?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$64\pi$$

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Using an analytical balance, Rishi determines the mass of a sample to be 6.243 grams. How many significant figures are in this measured value?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FOUR

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three types of light that are generally unpolarized: 1) Glare from a road surface; 2) Direct sunlight; 3) LCD laptop display.

Choices:

  • Glare from a road surface
  • Direct sunlight
  • LCD laptop display

Correct Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the Galilean [gal-ih-LAY-en] moons? W) Ganymede [GAN-ih-meed] X) Io [EYE-oh] Y) Callisto [kah-LIS-toh] Z) Titan

W: W) Ganymede [GAN-ih-meed]

X: X) Io [EYE-oh]

Y: Y) Callisto [kah-LIS-toh]

Z: Z) Titan

Answer: Z) Z) Titan

BONUS ess phrase

During fusion reactions in the sun, a nucleus with 2 protons and 1 neutron is created. What is the name of this isotope?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HELIUM-3
  • HE-3

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Pacific Northwest National Lab scientists are studying aerosols. Aerosols are an example of what type of mixture in which the solute and solvent are of different phases?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SUSPENSION
  • HETEROGENEOUS

BONUS energy phrase

Savannah River National Lab researchers are studying how to manage feral pigs. Pigs are domesticated variants of wild boar that humans purposely selected for desirable traits. What is the term for this type of selection?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ARTIFICIAL
  • SELECTIVE BREEDING

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the term for a protein that acts as a catalyst?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ENZYME

BONUS bio phrase

What is the general term for a group of cells within an organ that work together to perform a higher-order function?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TISSUE

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the minimum number of seismometers needed to determine the location of an earthquake, assuming no stations are at the focus?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3

BONUS ess order

Rank the following three reservoirs of ice in order of increasing percentage of Earth's freshwater: 1) Ice sheets; 2) Sea ice; 3) Alpine glaciers.

Choices:

  • Ice sheets
  • Sea ice
  • Alpine glaciers

Correct Order:

  • 2
  • 3
  • 1

TOSS-UP math phrase

The point (4, –7) is reflected over the y-axis. In what quadrant does the reflected point lie?

Acceptable Answers:

  • THIRD
  • 3

BONUS math phrase

Forty students are in a room, with 23 of them playing in the school band. What is the least number of students that could be added to the room to raise the percentage of band members to at least 70 percent?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 17

TOSS-UP bio phrase

In type 1 diabetes, there is a deficiency of what hormone produced by the pancreas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • INSULIN

BONUS bio multiselect

For antiviral drugs, identify all of the following three mechanisms of actions that would be effective for directly inhibiting viral growth: 1) Preventing cross-linking of cell walls; 2) Inhibiting the 70S ribosome; 3) Preventing genome replication.

Choices:

  • Preventing cross-linking of cell walls
  • Inhibiting the 70S ribosome
  • Preventing genome replication

Correct Answers:

  • 3

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Jan travels a distance 135 meters in 4.5 seconds. In SI base units, what is her average speed during this interval?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 30
  • 30 meters per second

BONUS phys phrase

A piece of styrofoam has a mass of 50 grams and a volume of 200 cubic centimeters. If it is at rest while floating in water, what fraction of its volume will be above the surface of the water?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 3/4
  • 0.75
  • 75%

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What event occurs in the Northern Hemisphere when the most intense sunlight on Earth occurs at 23.5 degrees South latitude?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WINTER SOLSTICE

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Andrew is observing an eclipsing binary system. Which of the following can he directly determine from measuring the relative time between eclipses? W) The mass of each star X) The total mass of the binary system Y) The eccentricity of the stars’ orbit Z) The distance between the two stars

W: W) The mass of each star

X: X) The total mass of the binary system

Y: Y) The eccentricity of the stars’ orbit

Z: Z) The distance between the two stars

Answer: Y) Y) The eccentricity of the stars’ orbit

TOSS-UP math phrase

How many integers are there between –8 and 9, inclusive?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 18

BONUS math phrase

Give one of the linear factors of $$6x^2 - 7x - 55$$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $3x - 11$ or $2x + 5$

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Axons and dendrites are structures found in what type of cell, which is involved in signaling?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NEURON
  • NERVE CELL

BONUS bio multiple_choice

The geologic periods where birds and flowering plants emerged are part of what era? W) Paleozoic X) Cenozoic [SEN-oh-ZOH-ik] Y) Mesozoic [MEH-zoh-ZOH-ik] Z) Phanerozoic [fah-NAIR-oh-zoh-ik]

W: W) Paleozoic

X: X) Cenozoic [SEN-oh-ZOH-ik]

Y: Y) Mesozoic [MEH-zoh-ZOH-ik]

Z: Z) Phanerozoic [fah-NAIR-oh-zoh-ik]

Answer: Y) Y) Mesozoic [MEH-zoh-ZOH-ik]

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The equivalent resistance of two resistors in parallel is 2 ohms. If one of the resistors has a resistance of 4 ohms, then in ohms, what is the resistance of the other one?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

BONUS phys phrase

A microscope lens used to focus light emitted by a sample onto the user’s eyes is most likely to have what type of curvature?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CONVEX
  • BICONVEX

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the square of the binomial $x - 11$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $x^2 - 22x + 121$

BONUS math phrase

Determined Dog spots Swifty Squirrel. Swifty quickly runs 16 feet due east, then 6 feet due south. He then runs due west to a hole in the ground 2 feet away. How many feet is Swifty from where he was originally spotted by Determined?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $2\sqrt{58}$

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What organelle in a eukaryotic cell contains the chromosomes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NUCLEUS

BONUS bio phrase

One of the products of photosynthesis is glucose. From what reactant do the carbon atoms of this glucose originate?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CARBON DIOXIDE
  • CO2

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The pitch of a sound wave most directly corresponds to what physical property of the sound wave?

Acceptable Answers:

  • FREQUENCY
  • WAVELENGTH

BONUS phys phrase

What is the name given to the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons for a given nuclide?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MASS NUMBER
  • NUCLEON NUMBER

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • ATOMIC MASS