HS Sample Set 11, Round 5 from NSB
A deficiency of what trace element can result in goiter? W) Sodium X) Chlorine Y) Potassium Z) Iodine
W: W) Sodium
X: X) Chlorine
Y: Y) Potassium
Z: Z) Iodine
Answer: Z) Z) Iodine
Which of the following is NOT a symptom or sign of a person suffering from diabetes mellitus? W) Increase in protein breakdown X) Presence of sugar in urine Y) Decrease in the amount of urine production Z) Increased levels of blood glucose
W: W) Increase in protein breakdown
X: X) Presence of sugar in urine
Y: Y) Decrease in the amount of urine production
Z: Z) Increased levels of blood glucose
Answer: Y) Y) Decrease in the amount of urine production
The natural log of which of the following is irrational? W) 1 X) √e Y) e Z) 10
W: W) 1
X: X) √e
Y: Y) e
Z: Z) 10
Answer: Z) Z) 10
If two sides of a right triangle have lengths 13 and 7, then, rounded to the nearest whole numbers, what are the possible lengths of the third side?
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Which of the following energy sources produces the least carbon dioxide per unit of energy? W) Oil X) Coal Y) Natural gas Z) Nuclear
W: W) Oil
X: X) Coal
Y: Y) Natural gas
Z: Z) Nuclear
Answer: Z) Z) Nuclear
Fuel cell vehicles are commercially available in the U.S. How is the hydrogen fuel stored on these vehicles? W) As a gas at 8000 psi X) As a liquid under cryogenic conditions Y) Absorbed in metal hydrides Z) Adsorbed in ceramic zeolites
W: W) As a gas at 8000 psi
X: X) As a liquid under cryogenic conditions
Y: Y) Absorbed in metal hydrides
Z: Z) Adsorbed in ceramic zeolites
Answer: W) W) As a gas at 8000 psi
Which of the following atoms is commonly found in a +3 oxidation state? W) Calcium X) Nickel Y) Iron Z) Zirconium
W: W) Calcium
X: X) Nickel
Y: Y) Iron
Z: Z) Zirconium
Answer: Y) Y) Iron
Identify all of the following properties that are examples of state functions: 1) Volume 2) Temperature 3) Entropy
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What type of earthquake wave is associated with ground roll? W) Love wave X) P-wave Y) Rayleigh wave Z) S-wave
W: W) Love wave
X: X) P-wave
Y: Y) Rayleigh wave
Z: Z) S-wave
Answer: Y) Y) Rayleigh wave
Galena is an ore of what element?
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If a constant force is applied to an object, which of the following quantities must also be constant? W) Position X) Acceleration Y) Velocity Z) Speed
W: W) Position
X: X) Acceleration
Y: Y) Velocity
Z: Z) Speed
Answer: X) X) Acceleration
A Carnot engine is operating between a hot reservoir at 125 °C and a cold reservoir at 25 °C. If the engine extracts 600 J from the hot reservoir, to two significant figures and in joules, how much heat is discarded as waste per cycle?
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What is the x-coordinate of the vertex of the parabola with equation $$\displaystyle y = 6x^2 + 4x - 7\;?$$
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During football season, a player catches passes for 687 yards and averages 14.6 yards per catch, rounded to the nearest tenth. How many catches did the player make?
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A circuit contains a 6-volt battery and a 2-ohm resistor. What is the power, in watts, of this circuit?
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If an electron in a hydrogen atom decays to emit a photon, which of the following transitions emits the longest wavelength photon? W) First excited state to ground state X) Second excited state to ground state Y) Second excited state to first excited state Z) Third excited state to first excited state
W: W) First excited state to ground state
X: X) Second excited state to ground state
Y: Y) Second excited state to first excited state
Z: Z) Third excited state to first excited state
Answer: Y) Y) Second excited state to first excited state
What is found in clouds that can acquire opposite charges, creating the potential for lightning? W) Entrained mist X) Liquid water Y) Dust grains Z) Ice crystals
W: W) Entrained mist
X: X) Liquid water
Y: Y) Dust grains
Z: Z) Ice crystals
Answer: Z) Z) Ice crystals
With what type of plate boundary is the Mariana Trench associated?
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Which of the following is the adjective for a leaf arrangement in which two leaves are present at each node? W) Opposite X) Alternate Y) Whorled Z) Sessile
W: W) Opposite
X: X) Alternate
Y: Y) Whorled
Z: Z) Sessile
Answer: W) W) Opposite
What is the highest level of protein structure found in hemoglobin?
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What is the shape of an isolated complex in which a metal ion is bonded to six ligands?
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Rank the boiling points of the following three hydrocarbons, from lowest to highest: 1) Isobutane 2) Butane 3) Pentane
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DOE scientists have recently been studying the material properties of graphene. Which of the following pairs of characteristics did they discover regarding graphene? W) High strength, high toughness X) High strength, low toughness Y) Low strength, high toughness Z) Low strength, low toughness
W: W) High strength, high toughness
X: X) High strength, low toughness
Y: Y) Low strength, high toughness
Z: Z) Low strength, low toughness
Answer: X) X) High strength, low toughness
Which of the following is derived from kerosene? W) Gasoline X) Paraffin wax Y) Jet fuel Z) Propane
W: W) Gasoline
X: X) Paraffin wax
Y: Y) Jet fuel
Z: Z) Propane
Answer: Y) Y) Jet fuel
Consider an ideal gas initially occupying a volume of 5 L at a pressure of 5 atm that undergoes an adiabatic expansion to 1 atm. Which of the following is TRUE concerning the final volume of the gas? W) It is greater than 25 L X) It is equal to 25 L Y) It is between 5 L and 25 L Z) It is equal to 5 L
W: W) It is greater than 25 L
X: X) It is equal to 25 L
Y: Y) It is between 5 L and 25 L
Z: Z) It is equal to 5 L
Answer: Y) Y) It is between 5 L and 25 L
What class of microporous aluminosilicates is used to soften hard water by removing metal ions such as iron and replacing them with sodium?
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97% of US gasoline sold today contains what percentage of ethanol? W) 0 X) 10 Y) 15 Z) 85
W: W) 0
X: X) 10
Y: Y) 15
Z: Z) 85
Answer: X) X) 10
In the United States, what is the maximum percentage of ethanol upon which a “flex-fuel” vehicle is designed to run?
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For which of the following is Erwin Schrödinger most famous? W) Describing how wavefunctions change over time X) Discovering that electrons occupy energy levels in atoms Y) Discovering that atoms contain a positively charged nucleus Z) Discovering nuclear fission
W: W) Describing how wavefunctions change over time
X: X) Discovering that electrons occupy energy levels in atoms
Y: Y) Discovering that atoms contain a positively charged nucleus
Z: Z) Discovering nuclear fission
Answer: W) W) Describing how wavefunctions change over time
Identify all of the following three statements that are true of semiconductors: 1) Silicon dioxide is a semiconductor 2) Silicon is commonly used as a semiconductor 3) LEDs can be made of semiconductors
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In what cloud type does hail generally form? W) Cirrocumulus X) Cirrostratus Y) Altocumulus Z) Cumulonimbus
W: W) Cirrocumulus
X: X) Cirrostratus
Y: Y) Altocumulus
Z: Z) Cumulonimbus
Answer: Z) Z) Cumulonimbus
You find a chunk of granite that you conclude, via radiometric dating, is 3.2 billion years old. The granite also contains inclusions of quartzite. Which of the following is a reasonable conclusion based on this data? W) The quartzite likely formed less than 3.2 billion years ago X) Because the quartzite is contained in the granite, it also formed 3.2 billion years ago Y) The quartzite likely formed more than 3.2 billion years ago Z) The sandstone from which the quartzite came is likely older than 3.2 billion years, but the quartzite itself is younger than that
W: W) The quartzite likely formed less than 3.2 billion years ago
X: X) Because the quartzite is contained in the granite, it also formed 3.2 billion years ago
Y: Y) The quartzite likely formed more than 3.2 billion years ago
Z: Z) The sandstone from which the quartzite came is likely older than 3.2 billion years, but the quartzite itself is younger than that
Answer: Y) Y) The quartzite likely formed more than 3.2 billion years ago
What is the name of the muscle attachment point that remains relatively stationary during contraction?
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When viewed under a microscope, a eukaryotic cell has visible chromosomes. In what phase of the cell cycle is the cell? W) M X) S Y) G1 Z) G₀
W: W) M
X: X) S
Y: Y) G1
Z: Z) G₀
Answer: W) W) M
What is 145 squared?
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For what values of x does the function $$\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{x^2-25}{3x^2-16x+5}$$ have a vertical asymptote?
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A hydraulic press has two ends that are level but have different areas. Identify all of the following quantities that may have differing magnitudes at the two ends: 1) Force 2) Work 3) Displacement 4) Pressure
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Identify all of the following classes of levers that are capable of producing a mechanical advantage greater than unity: 1) Class 1 2) Class 2 3) Class 3
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What causes the trees in Alaskan forests to start tilting in many different directions, creating an area called a “drunken forest”?
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What type of faulting is defined by strike-slip offset along an essentially vertical fault plane? W) Normal X) Reverse Y) Thrust Z) Transcurrent
W: W) Normal
X: X) Reverse
Y: Y) Thrust
Z: Z) Transcurrent
Answer: Z) Z) Transcurrent
Identify all of the following solutions that would be acidic: 1) A solution of iron(III) atoms hexacoordinated by water molecules 2) A solution of ammonium sulfate 3) A solution of sodium cyanide
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The compound sulfurous acid has a first pKa of approximately 1.8 and a second pKa of approximately 7.2. To one decimal place, what is the pH of a solution of 0.1 M sodium bisulfite?
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3 is one-third percent of what number?
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For real numbers a and b, define the binary operation “star” by $$a\star b=\text{one less than the average of }a\text{ and }b.$$ What is $$3\star\bigl(4\star5\bigr)\;?$$
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The hamstrings allow flexion of what joint?
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In humans, what group of muscles produce extension of the knee joint, such as during jumping?
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