HS Sample Set 6, Round 3 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Female insects usually lay their eggs near which of the following? W) Light X) Shade Y) Food Z) Water

W: W) Light

X: X) Shade

Y: Y) Food

Z: Z) Water

Answer: Y) Y) Food

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following biological molecules most directly enables the structural compartmentalization required for cellular respiration and photosynthesis? W) Amino acids X) Phospholipids Y) Glycogen Z) Cholesterol

W: W) Amino acids

X: X) Phospholipids

Y: Y) Glycogen

Z: Z) Cholesterol

Answer: X) X) Phospholipids

TOSS-UP phys phrase

Which Greek scientist discovered that, when an object is immersed in a fluid, there is a buoyant force acting upward on the object equal to the weight of the displaced fluid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ARCHIMEDES

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following is true for a cyclist applying her brakes while traveling west on a straight path? W) Her acceleration is zero X) She accelerates to the east Y) She accelerates to the west Z) She accelerates both to the east and the west

W: W) Her acceleration is zero

X: X) She accelerates to the east

Y: Y) She accelerates to the west

Z: Z) She accelerates both to the east and the west

Answer: X) X) She accelerates to the east

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

In which of the following ways would oxygen’s electrons fill the 3p subshells? W) 1 pair, 2 unpaired X) 1 pair, 1 unpaired Y) 2 pairs Z) 3 pairs

W: W) 1 pair, 2 unpaired

X: X) 1 pair, 1 unpaired

Y: Y) 2 pairs

Z: Z) 3 pairs

Answer: W) W) 1 pair, 2 unpaired

BONUS chem phrase

What gaseous organic compound is made when ethanol is heated in a concentrated solution of sulfuric acid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ETHYLENE
  • ETHENE

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Mechanical weathering is one type of weathering, what is the other?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CHEMICAL
  • BIOLOGICAL

BONUS ess multiple_choice

For the June solstice, which of the following statements is NOT true? W) The northern hemisphere experiences the day with the longest period of sunlight X) There are 24 hours of sunlight in the Arctic Circle Y) Earth is further from the Sun than it is at the winter solstice Z) The Sun is directly overhead at noon in the Arctic Circle

W: W) The northern hemisphere experiences the day with the longest period of sunlight

X: X) There are 24 hours of sunlight in the Arctic Circle

Y: Y) Earth is further from the Sun than it is at the winter solstice

Z: Z) The Sun is directly overhead at noon in the Arctic Circle

Answer: Z) Z) The Sun is directly overhead at noon in the Arctic Circle

TOSS-UP math phrase

How many distinct diagonals does a pentagon have?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5

BONUS math phrase

The polynomial $$p(x) = x^4 + 5x^3 - 2x^2 - 24x$$ has a zero at $$x = 2$$. Factor $$p$$ completely.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $x(x - 2)(x + 3)(x + 4)$

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following describes the purpose of the ground connection on a common power outlet? W) Provide a zero potential reference X) Remove excess heat from the transmission system Y) Give a low resistance path for short circuits to travel through Z) Act as a small current source to prevent corrosion

W: W) Provide a zero potential reference

X: X) Remove excess heat from the transmission system

Y: Y) Give a low resistance path for short circuits to travel through

Z: Z) Act as a small current source to prevent corrosion

Answer: Y) Y) Give a low resistance path for short circuits to travel through

BONUS energy phrase

If a solar panel produces energy directly proportional to the flux of incident photons, what is the best orientation it can have, relative to the line from the Earth to the Sun?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PERPENDICULAR
  • ORTHOGONAL

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true about spike moss? W) They do not have true roots X) They have a well-developed vascular system Y) They are widely distributed in all parts of the world Z) Their leaves are spore-bearing

W: W) They do not have true roots

X: X) They have a well-developed vascular system

Y: Y) They are widely distributed in all parts of the world

Z: Z) Their leaves are spore-bearing

Answer: X) X) They have a well-developed vascular system

BONUS bio phrase

What is the term for the organic substance that consists of a dendritic network polymer of phenylpropene units and binds the cells, fibers, and vessels that constitute wood?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LIGNIN

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Pascal’s law governs the actions of forces in which of the following? W) Gases X) Solids Y) Incompressible fluids Z) A vacuum

W: W) Gases

X: X) Solids

Y: Y) Incompressible fluids

Z: Z) A vacuum

Answer: Y) Y) Incompressible fluids

BONUS phys phrase

What current, in amperes, is carried in a lightning stroke that lasts 0.5 seconds and transfers 100 coulombs of charge?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 200

TOSS-UP chem phrase

In a flame test on an unknown compound, the flame is violet. What element is likely to be in the compound?

Acceptable Answers:

  • POTASSIUM
  • RUBIDIUM, CESIUM

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following anhydrous compounds has the lowest melting point? W) Aluminum chloride X) Calcium chloride Y) Copper (II) chloride Z) Lead (III) chloride

W: W) Aluminum chloride

X: X) Calcium chloride

Y: Y) Copper (II) chloride

Z: Z) Lead (III) chloride

Answer: W) W) Aluminum chloride

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What term is used to describe the advance of desert conditions into formerly non-desert areas?

Acceptable Answers:

  • DESERTIFICATION

BONUS ess multiple_choice

The Intertropical Convergence Zone is NOT characterized by which of the following? W) Divergence X) Uplift Y) High cloud cover Z) Heavy precipitation

W: W) Divergence

X: X) Uplift

Y: Y) High cloud cover

Z: Z) Heavy precipitation

Answer: W) W) Divergence

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the surface area of a cube with volume 8?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 24

BONUS math phrase

In terms of $$x$$ and in standard polynomial form, what is the volume of a right rectangular prism with dimensions $$(x + 4), (x + 1), (x + 6)$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $x^3 + 11x^2 + 34x + 24$

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following uses stored electricity and is required to get a gasoline-powered car's engine going? W) Catalytic converter X) Starter motor Y) Fuel rail Z) Alternator

W: W) Catalytic converter

X: X) Starter motor

Y: Y) Fuel rail

Z: Z) Alternator

Answer: X) X) Starter motor

BONUS energy phrase

Most coals of the softer varieties are forms of which of the three major rock types?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SEDIMENTARY

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes blood? W) It is a specialized type of cell found in blood vessels X) It is a type of cell formed in the bone marrow Y) It is a kind of connective tissue in which red and white blood cells are suspended in plasma Z) It is a kind of epithelial tissue

W: W) It is a specialized type of cell found in blood vessels

X: X) It is a type of cell formed in the bone marrow

Y: Y) It is a kind of connective tissue in which red and white blood cells are suspended in plasma

Z: Z) It is a kind of epithelial tissue

Answer: Y) Y) It is a kind of connective tissue in which red and white blood cells are suspended in plasma

BONUS bio phrase

Valproic acid and trapoxin are inhibitors of what class of enzymes that regulate gene expression by altering chromatin accessibility?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HDAC
  • HISTONE DEACETYLASES

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • HAT

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following statements about the Moon best describes why we only see one side of the Moon from Earth? W) It does not rotate X) It has a side that is always dark Y) It does not revolve Z) It has the same period for rotation and revolution

W: W) It does not rotate

X: X) It has a side that is always dark

Y: Y) It does not revolve

Z: Z) It has the same period for rotation and revolution

Answer: Z) Z) It has the same period for rotation and revolution

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following elements CANNOT be a source of fuel in nuclear fusion? W) Iron X) Oxygen Y) Nitrogen Z) Carbon

W: W) Iron

X: X) Oxygen

Y: Y) Nitrogen

Z: Z) Carbon

Answer: W) W) Iron

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following statements best describes the thermodynamic effect of an enzyme on the reaction it catalyzes? W) The energy level of the reactants is decreased in the presence of the enzyme X) The activation energy of the reaction is decreased Y) The activation energy of the reaction is increased Z) The $\Delta G$ between products and reactants is decreased

W: W) The energy level of the reactants is decreased in the presence of the enzyme

X: X) The activation energy of the reaction is decreased

Y: Y) The activation energy of the reaction is increased

Z: Z) The $\Delta G$ between products and reactants is decreased

Answer: X) X) The activation energy of the reaction is decreased

BONUS bio phrase

What recessive, life-threatening disorder affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices, rendering secretions thick and sticky?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CYSTIC FIBROSIS
  • CF, MUCOVISCIDOSIS

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The two leaves of an electroscope repel each other and stand out at an angle. What force balances the electrical force so the leaves don’t stand out farther?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GRAVITY

BONUS phys phrase

A block of wood, when floating in water, displaces 300 cubic centimeters of water. When completely submerged, the block displaces 400 cubic centimeters of water. What is the specific gravity of the block?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.75

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

A nitrogen atom present in the backbone of a polypeptide is part of which of the following functional groups? W) A primary amine X) A secondary amine Y) A tertiary amine Z) An amide

W: W) A primary amine

X: X) A secondary amine

Y: Y) A tertiary amine

Z: Z) An amide

Answer: Z) Z) An amide

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following is the final product of purine metabolism excreted in the urine? W) Urea X) Uric acid Y) Ammonia Z) Ammonium

W: W) Urea

X: X) Uric acid

Y: Y) Ammonia

Z: Z) Ammonium

Answer: X) X) Uric acid

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What is the most common element in Earth’s crust?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OXYGEN

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the mixed layer of the ocean? W) Relatively stratified in the vertical X) In direct contact with the atmosphere Y) Stirred by winds and convection Z) Varied depth with latitude and season

W: W) Relatively stratified in the vertical

X: X) In direct contact with the atmosphere

Y: Y) Stirred by winds and convection

Z: Z) Varied depth with latitude and season

Answer: W) W) Relatively stratified in the vertical

TOSS-UP math phrase

For what values of $$x$$ is the function $$f(x)=\frac{x^2}{x^2 - 4x + 4}$$ NOT defined?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

BONUS math multiple_choice

Which of the following inequalities has NO solutions? W) 7x + 4 > 3 X) |x – 1| > -10 Y) |x + 3| < -2 Z) -100x + 5 ≥ 8

W: W) 7x + 4 > 3

X: X) |x – 1| > -10

Y: Y) |x + 3| < -2

Z: Z) -100x + 5 ≥ 8

Answer: Y) Y) |x + 3| < -2

TOSS-UP energy phrase

What energy barrier must a chemical reaction pass in order to proceed?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ACTIVATION ENERGY

BONUS energy phrase

One proposed geoengineering mechanism that could be used to mitigate increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels is called iron seeding and involves spreading large quantities of iron over the surface of the ocean. What is the name of the organism that would grow as a result, leading to carbon sequestration?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PLANKTON
  • PHYTOPLANKTON

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following choices is NOT a source of new genetic combinations? W) Mitosis X) Fertilization Y) Mutation Z) Meiosis

W: W) Mitosis

X: X) Fertilization

Y: Y) Mutation

Z: Z) Meiosis

Answer: W) W) Mitosis

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following parts of B and T cells bind to antigens? W) Variable region X) Heavy chain Y) Alpha chain only Z) Disulfide bridge

W: W) Variable region

X: X) Heavy chain

Y: Y) Alpha chain only

Z: Z) Disulfide bridge

Answer: W) W) Variable region

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What force does a charged particle moving through a magnetic field experience that is perpendicular to the direction the particle is traveling?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LORENTZ
  • MAGNETIC FORCE

BONUS phys phrase

What is the mass, in kilograms, of a 2 kilogram rock on a planet with a gravitational acceleration of 8.2 meters per second squared?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP chem phrase

At -78º Celsius, dry ice changes directly from a solid to a gas. What is this process called?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SUBLIMATION

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following is the formula for n-Octadecanoic acid? W) C6H12O6 X) C18H36COOH Y) C17H35COOH Z) C16H32COOH

W: W) C6H12O6

X: X) C18H36COOH

Y: Y) C17H35COOH

Z: Z) C16H32COOH

Answer: Y) Y) C17H35COOH

TOSS-UP ess phrase

In what compass direction would the magnetic north pole of your compass point during a period in which the Earth’s magnetic field was reversed?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SOUTH

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes why Neptune is blue? W) A sub-surface ocean below a layer of ice X) Absorption of light by methane in its atmosphere Y) Blue-shifted due to its orbit Z) Hydrocarbon haze

W: W) A sub-surface ocean below a layer of ice

X: X) Absorption of light by methane in its atmosphere

Y: Y) Blue-shifted due to its orbit

Z: Z) Hydrocarbon haze

Answer: X) X) Absorption of light by methane in its atmosphere

TOSS-UP math phrase

If $$\ln(x^3) = 6$$, what is $$\ln(x^2)$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 4

BONUS math phrase

If $$f(x) = 4x^3 - 4x^2 + 10$$, then what is $$f(-2)$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • -38