HS Sample Set 7, Round 9 from NSB
What is the spectral type of the Sun?
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When a strong south wind occurs along the west coast of North America, Ekman transport causes water to move to which of the following? W) Onshore X) Offshore Y) Alongshore to the south Z) Alongshore to the north
W: W) Onshore
X: X) Offshore
Y: Y) Alongshore to the south
Z: Z) Alongshore to the north
Answer: W) W) Onshore
Which of the following marine microbe groups has a cell membrane mainly comprised of lipids? W) Foraminiferans X) Radiolarians Y) Ciliates Z) Tritaxis
W: W) Foraminiferans
X: X) Radiolarians
Y: Y) Ciliates
Z: Z) Tritaxis
Answer: Y) Y) Ciliates
Which of the following habitat and life history combinations would select for the production of a large brood size? W) Arctic, precocial young X) Arctic, altricial young Y) Tropics, precocial young Z) Tropics, altricial young
W: W) Arctic, precocial young
X: X) Arctic, altricial young
Y: Y) Tropics, precocial young
Z: Z) Tropics, altricial young
Answer: W) W) Arctic, precocial young
If \(f(x) = 3^x\), find the value of \(f(\log_3 7)\).
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Find the product of complex numbers \((1 - i)\times(2 - i)\).
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What percentage of the world’s production of rare earth metals is produced by China? W) 57% X) 68% Y) 83% Z) 95%
W: W) 57%
X: X) 68%
Y: Y) 83%
Z: Z) 95%
Answer: Z) Z) 95%
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of distributed generation? W) Decreased transmission investment X) Greater grid resiliency Y) Elimination of distribution system investment Z) Reduction in line losses
W: W) Decreased transmission investment
X: X) Greater grid resiliency
Y: Y) Elimination of distribution system investment
Z: Z) Reduction in line losses
Answer: Y) Y) Elimination of distribution system investment
In atomic orbital overlap, which of the following is true of destructive interference? W) It gives a bonding orbital and no nodes X) It gives an antibonding orbital and a node parallel to the internuclear axis Y) It gives an antibonding orbital and a node perpendicular to the internuclear axis Z) It gives an antibonding orbital and no nodes
W: W) It gives a bonding orbital and no nodes
X: X) It gives an antibonding orbital and a node parallel to the internuclear axis
Y: Y) It gives an antibonding orbital and a node perpendicular to the internuclear axis
Z: Z) It gives an antibonding orbital and no nodes
Answer: Y) Y) It gives an antibonding orbital and a node perpendicular to the internuclear axis
In order to enhance the activity of the catalyst, a textural or chemical promoter may be used in ammonia synthesis. Which of the following is an example of a chemical promoter? W) Calcium oxide X) Potassium oxide Y) Aluminum oxide Z) Silicon dioxide
W: W) Calcium oxide
X: X) Potassium oxide
Y: Y) Aluminum oxide
Z: Z) Silicon dioxide
Answer: X) X) Potassium oxide
How many types of quarks are there in nature? W) 3 X) 5 Y) 6 Z) 10
W: W) 3
X: X) 5
Y: Y) 6
Z: Z) 10
Answer: Y) Y) 6
Which of the following is the approximate distance in kilometers covered by a photon in one year? W) 9 thousand X) 9 million Y) 9 billion Z) 9 trillion
W: W) 9 thousand
X: X) 9 million
Y: Y) 9 billion
Z: Z) 9 trillion
Answer: Z) Z) 9 trillion
On July 4, under modern conditions, the planet is at which of the following in relation to the Sun? W) Perihelion X) Aphelion Y) Perigee Z) Apogee
W: W) Perihelion
X: X) Aphelion
Y: Y) Perigee
Z: Z) Apogee
Answer: X) X) Aphelion
During La Niña events, which of the following is most likely? W) Drought in northeast Brazil X) Drought in most of Australia Y) Drought in the southwestern U.S. Z) Wetter than normal in Oregon and Washington
W: W) Drought in northeast Brazil
X: X) Drought in most of Australia
Y: Y) Drought in the southwestern U.S.
Z: Z) Wetter than normal in Oregon and Washington
Answer: Y) Y) Drought in the southwestern U.S.
During meiosis, when a cell has lost both members of a homologous pair of chromosomes, which of the following types of aneuploidy would apply to the cell? W) Tetrasomy X) Nullisomy Y) Monosomy Z) Trisomy
W: W) Tetrasomy
X: X) Nullisomy
Y: Y) Monosomy
Z: Z) Trisomy
Answer: X) X) Nullisomy
By number, place the following steps necessary for cloning a gene into bacteria from genomic DNA in order from first to last: 1) Cut the target gene and the cloning vector with restriction enzymes 2) Transform bacteria with the plasmid 3) Ligate the target gene and the cloning vector with DNA ligase 4) Amplify the target gene using PCR
Choices:
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In how many ways can a committee of 7 be seated along one side of a table if the chair of the committee must sit in the middle? W) 49 X) 120 Y) 720 Z) 5040
W: W) 49
X: X) 120
Y: Y) 720
Z: Z) 5040
Answer: Y) Y) 720
How many three-digit numbers can be made using digits 0 through 4, provided the first digit is not zero?
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From 2001 to 2011, the installed wind power in the U.S. in megawatts has increased by approximately what factor? W) 3 X) 6 Y) 10 Z) 15
W: W) 3
X: X) 6
Y: Y) 10
Z: Z) 15
Answer: Y) Y) 10
The characteristics of heating oil and diesel fuel are similar, except for which of the following? W) Evaporation X) Sulfur composition Y) Volatility Z) BTU
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Which of the following statements is true of the compression of a system? W) Work is done on the system, and dV and dw are greater than 0 X) Work is done on the system, dV is less than 0, and dw is greater than 0 Y) Work is done by the system, dV is greater than 0, and dw is less than 0 Z) Work is done by the system, and dV and dw are less than 0
W: W) Work is done on the system, and dV and dw are greater than 0
X: X) Work is done on the system, dV is less than 0, and dw is greater than 0
Y: Y) Work is done by the system, dV is greater than 0, and dw is less than 0
Z: Z) Work is done by the system, and dV and dw are less than 0
Answer: X) X) Work is done on the system, dV is less than 0, and dw is greater than 0
Polycatenane and polyrotaxane are examples of what type of unconventional polymer? W) Supramolecular X) Branched Y) Network Z) Dendrimer
W: W) Supramolecular
X: X) Branched
Y: Y) Network
Z: Z) Dendrimer
Answer: W) W) Supramolecular
You are traveling down a level highway in your car with mass 1000 kg at 30 m/s when you see a deer and hit the brakes. How much time, in seconds, would it take to stop fully if the applied braking force is 5000 N?
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Epsilon naught, ε₀, and mu naught, µ₀, are permittivity and permeability constants of free space, respectively. The speed of light is found in terms of these constants as which of the following? W) \(1/\sqrt{\varepsilon_0\mu_0}\) X) \(\sqrt{\varepsilon_0\mu_0}\) Y) \(\mu_0/(4\pi\varepsilon_0)\) Z) \(\varepsilon_0/\mu_0\)
W: W) \(1/\sqrt{\varepsilon_0\mu_0}\)
X: X) \(\sqrt{\varepsilon_0\mu_0}\)
Y: Y) \(\mu_0/(4\pi\varepsilon_0)\)
Z: Z) \(\varepsilon_0/\mu_0\)
Answer: W) W) \(1/\sqrt{\varepsilon_0\mu_0}\)
Which of the following rocks is most effective at neutralizing acid rain? W) Limestone X) Shale Y) Granite Z) Sandstone
W: W) Limestone
X: X) Shale
Y: Y) Granite
Z: Z) Sandstone
Answer: W) W) Limestone
As a hurricane approaches the east coast of Florida from the east, the storm surge waves would be greatest at which of the following? W) Northeast of the eye X) Southeast of the eye Y) Southwest of the eye Z) Northwest of the eye
W: W) Northeast of the eye
X: X) Southeast of the eye
Y: Y) Southwest of the eye
Z: Z) Northwest of the eye
Answer: Z) Z) Northwest of the eye
If you have a white horse mate with a white horse that has many spots called leopard spots and half of their offspring have a little bit of leopard spotting, which of the following is your likely conclusion about the leopard-spotting allele? W) Co-dominant X) Low penetrance Y) Incompletely dominant Z) Low expressivity
W: W) Co-dominant
X: X) Low penetrance
Y: Y) Incompletely dominant
Z: Z) Low expressivity
Answer: Y) Y) Incompletely dominant
DNA replication requires that the DNA that has been pulled apart stays single-stranded until the polymerase is able to use it as a template. What is the name of the protein that keeps the DNA single-stranded during replication?
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The power input in a perfectly efficient step-up transformer is which of the following? W) Larger than the power output X) Equal to the power output Y) Smaller than the power output Z) Not related to the power output
W: W) Larger than the power output
X: X) Equal to the power output
Y: Y) Smaller than the power output
Z: Z) Not related to the power output
Answer: X) X) Equal to the power output
A high energy photon near a nucleus can produce an electron-positron pair. What is the minimum energy a photon must have for this to happen? W) Half of the proper energy of the electron X) The proper energy of the electron Y) Two times the proper energy of the electron Z) Ten times the proper energy of the electron
W: W) Half of the proper energy of the electron
X: X) The proper energy of the electron
Y: Y) Two times the proper energy of the electron
Z: Z) Ten times the proper energy of the electron
Answer: Y) Y) Two times the proper energy of the electron
What is the coefficient of the \(xy^2\) term in the expansion of \((x + 2y)^3\)? W) 3 X) 8 Y) 12 Z) 18
W: W) 3
X: X) 8
Y: Y) 12
Z: Z) 18
Answer: Y) Y) 12
What is the area of a square inscribed in a circle of radius \(k\)?
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Which of the following is an example of an A+1 isotope? W) Nitrogen X) Oxygen Y) Sulfur Z) Fluorine
W: W) Nitrogen
X: X) Oxygen
Y: Y) Sulfur
Z: Z) Fluorine
Answer: W) W) Nitrogen
Which of the following techniques in the field of nanotechnology is considered to be non-destructive, non-volatile, and easy to integrate? W) Molecular electronic switch X) Room temperature single electron transistor Y) Ovonics unified memory Z) Spin resonance transistor
W: W) Molecular electronic switch
X: X) Room temperature single electron transistor
Y: Y) Ovonics unified memory
Z: Z) Spin resonance transistor
Answer: Y) Y) Ovonics unified memory
The Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales give the same reading at approximately which of the following temperatures? W) 0 X) 212 Y) 273 Z) 575
W: W) 0
X: X) 212
Y: Y) 273
Z: Z) 575
Answer: Z) Z) 575
In neutron decay, a neutron decays into a proton, an electron, and what else?
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The absence of which of the following transcript components would decrease eukaryotic translational initiation? W) Poly(A) tail X) Intron Y) Stop codon Z) Internal exon
W: W) Poly(A) tail
X: X) Intron
Y: Y) Stop codon
Z: Z) Internal exon
Answer: W) W) Poly(A) tail
Leghemoglobin functions as an oxygen binding protein in which of the following? W) Plant roots X) Bacteria Y) Human legs Z) Lactating mothers
W: W) Plant roots
X: X) Bacteria
Y: Y) Human legs
Z: Z) Lactating mothers
Answer: W) W) Plant roots
Which of the following stream types best describes the Columbia River along the Columbia River Gorge? W) Meandering X) Braided Y) Ephemeral Z) Antecedent
W: W) Meandering
X: X) Braided
Y: Y) Ephemeral
Z: Z) Antecedent
Answer: Z) Z) Antecedent
The Columbia River Gorge primarily cuts through what type of rock? W) Granite X) Basalt Y) Sandstone Z) Schist
W: W) Granite
X: X) Basalt
Y: Y) Sandstone
Z: Z) Schist
Answer: X) X) Basalt
Find the radius of a circle in which a 30° arc is \(2\pi\) units long. W) 12 X) 15 Y) \(15\pi\) Z) \(60\pi\)
W: W) 12
X: X) 15
Y: Y) \(15\pi\)
Z: Z) \(60\pi\)
Answer: W) W) 12
What is the exact value of \(\tan(120^\circ) + \cot(30^\circ)\)? W) \(-2\sqrt{3}\) X) 0 Y) \(\tfrac{2\sqrt{3}}3\) Z) \(2\sqrt{3}\)
W: W) \(-2\sqrt{3}\)
X: X) 0
Y: Y) \(\tfrac{2\sqrt{3}}3\)
Z: Z) \(2\sqrt{3}\)
Answer: X) X) 0
If my current annual heating bill of natural gas is \$800 with a furnace that is 70% efficient, approximately what will be my new bill if I install a 95% efficient furnace? W) \$500 X) \$600 Y) \$700 Z) \$800
W: W) \$500
X: X) \$600
Y: Y) \$700
Z: Z) \$800
Answer: X) X) \$600
What is the term for the point at which solar photovoltaic technology produces power at a cost that is equal to the price of purchasing power from the grid?
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A child who excretes black urine is born to two normal parents. The child has a recessive homozygous genotype. What is the most likely explanation for the genotype? W) Spontaneous mutations X) Consanguinity Y) Anticipation Z) Environmental exposure
W: W) Spontaneous mutations
X: X) Consanguinity
Y: Y) Anticipation
Z: Z) Environmental exposure
Answer: X) X) Consanguinity
Which of the following situations might cause disruptive selection to occur in a population of seed-eating finches on an island? W) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce medium-sized seeds X) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce small and large seeds Y) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce small seeds Z) A hurricane that reduces equally plants that produce all sizes of seeds
W: W) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce medium-sized seeds
X: X) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce small and large seeds
Y: Y) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce small seeds
Z: Z) A hurricane that reduces equally plants that produce all sizes of seeds
Answer: W) W) A hurricane that wipes out plants that produce medium-sized seeds
According to valence bond theory, we assume that in methane, each pair of electrons is confined to the region between the carbon and hydrogen nuclei, where the bond is strongest. What is the term used to describe this regional confinement?
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Steam cracking is one process used in the manufacture of lighter olefins. Which of the following is NOT true of steam cracking? W) Increasing temperature shifts cracking to the ends of molecules X) Short residence times cause more olefin formation Y) The reaction is favored by high pressure Z) To minimize coke formation, steam may be added
W: W) Increasing temperature shifts cracking to the ends of molecules
X: X) Short residence times cause more olefin formation
Y: Y) The reaction is favored by high pressure
Z: Z) To minimize coke formation, steam may be added
Answer: Y) Y) The reaction is favored by high pressure
Which of the following is true when light enters a denser medium and is refracted? W) Wavelength remains unchanged X) Wave speed increases Y) Wavelength increases Z) Frequency remains unchanged
W: W) Wavelength remains unchanged
X: X) Wave speed increases
Y: Y) Wavelength increases
Z: Z) Frequency remains unchanged
Answer: Z) Z) Frequency remains unchanged
A one-dimensional electrical potential has the form \(V(x) = 4x^2 - x\). What is the electrical field associated with this potential in terms of \(x\)?
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