MS Sample Set 9, Round 16 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP general phrase

What energy in a nucleus is equivalent to the mass defect?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BINDING ENERGY

BONUS general multiselect

Identify all of the following three diseases that are considered autoimmune disorders: 1) Lupus; 2) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; 3) Multiple Sclerosis.

Choices:

  • Lupus
  • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
  • Multiple Sclerosis

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

What organ in the human body is responsible for storing glucose in the form of glycogen? W) Pancreas X) Kidney Y) Liver Z) Spleen

W: W) Pancreas

X: X) Kidney

Y: Y) Liver

Z: Z) Spleen

Answer: Y) Y) Liver

BONUS bio multiple_choice

A scientist performs a Gram stain on an unknown strain of bacteria and observes that the bacteria are stained purple. What does this indicate about the bacteria? W) Their nuclei are high in collagen X) Their cell walls contain large amounts of peptidoglycan Y) Their cell walls are surrounded by lipotoxins Z) They contain membrane bound organelles

W: W) Their nuclei are high in collagen

X: X) Their cell walls contain large amounts of peptidoglycan

Y: Y) Their cell walls are surrounded by lipotoxins

Z: Z) They contain membrane bound organelles

Answer: X) X) Their cell walls contain large amounts of peptidoglycan

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Three identical circular plates sit at the very edge of a small square table. The plates are all tangent to each other, have collinear centers, and exactly fit the length of the table. The circumference of each plate is 12π inches. How many inches long is the table? W) 36 X) 72 Y) 36π Z) 72π

W: W) 36

X: X) 72

Y: Y) 36π

Z: Z) 72π

Answer: W) W) 36

BONUS math phrase

Find the surface area of a square pyramid whose base has sides of length 4 and a slant height of 6.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 64

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What was the heaviest element produced during the big bang nucleosynthesis? W) Hydrogen X) Helium Y) Lithium Z) Beryllium

W: W) Hydrogen

X: X) Helium

Y: Y) Lithium

Z: Z) Beryllium

Answer: Y) Y) Lithium

BONUS ess phrase

What is the term for the small, atmospheric particles onto which water vapor condenses to form clouds?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CONDENSATION NUCLEI
  • CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI, CCN

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Compared to cooler air, warm air can hold: W) More water vapor X) Less water vapor Y) The same amount of water vapor Z) Less water vapor, depending upon the humidity

W: W) More water vapor

X: X) Less water vapor

Y: Y) The same amount of water vapor

Z: Z) Less water vapor, depending upon the humidity

Answer: W) W) More water vapor

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Two electrons can occupy the same orbital if what value is different? W) Principal quantum number X) Angular momentum quantum number Y) Magnetic quantum number Z) Spin quantum number

W: W) Principal quantum number

X: X) Angular momentum quantum number

Y: Y) Magnetic quantum number

Z: Z) Spin quantum number

Answer: Z) Z) Spin quantum number

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Which of the following is typically used to sterilize laboratory glassware? W) Dishwasher X) Freeze dryer Y) Autoclave Z) Centrifuge

W: W) Dishwasher

X: X) Freeze dryer

Y: Y) Autoclave

Z: Z) Centrifuge

Answer: Y) Y) Autoclave

BONUS general phrase

What paradox, first published in 1826, suggested that in a static universe, the night sky would appear to be perpetually bright?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OLBERS’ PARADOX

TOSS-UP phys phrase

How many hydrogen atoms are contained in dichloro-difluoromethane?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ZERO

BONUS phys phrase

What term is used to describe the electrons in the highest energy level of an atom?

Acceptable Answers:

  • VALENCE

TOSS-UP math phrase

Determine the area of an equilateral triangle with side length $\sqrt{3}$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$\displaystyle \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}$$

BONUS math phrase

Sam places 2 red shirts and one green shirt in a bag. He places 3 blue pairs of shorts and one brown pair of shorts in a separate bag. He also places 3 pairs of white socks in a third bag. If he draws once from each bag, what is the probability that he will create a red, white, and blue outfit?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 1/2
  • 50%

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials are associated with which of the following? W) No nipples X) Embryonic development outside the uterus Y) Egg laying Z) Found in Australia and Africa

W: W) No nipples

X: X) Embryonic development outside the uterus

Y: Y) Egg laying

Z: Z) Found in Australia and Africa

Answer: X) X) Embryonic development outside the uterus

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following functional groups is possessed by alcohols? W) Carbonyl X) Thiol Y) Hydroxyl Z) Ketone

W: W) Carbonyl

X: X) Thiol

Y: Y) Hydroxyl

Z: Z) Ketone

Answer: Y) Y) Hydroxyl

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Raw natural gas contains approximately 5 percent of which of the following gases? W) Octane X) Propane Y) Butanol Z) Methane

W: W) Octane

X: X) Propane

Y: Y) Butanol

Z: Z) Methane

Answer: X) X) Propane

BONUS energy phrase

Adding hydrogen gas to compressed natural gas reduces the emission of pollutants that contain oxygen and what other element?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NITROGEN

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Reverse and normal faults are both examples of what general type of fault? W) Strike-slip fault X) Dip-slip fault Y) Transform fault Z) Conservative fault

W: W) Strike-slip fault

X: X) Dip-slip fault

Y: Y) Transform fault

Z: Z) Conservative fault

Answer: X) X) Dip-slip fault

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Over the Earth’s history, ice ages have occurred approximately how often? W) Every 2 million years X) Every 20 million years Y) Every 200 million years Z) Every 2 billion years

W: W) Every 2 million years

X: X) Every 20 million years

Y: Y) Every 200 million years

Z: Z) Every 2 billion years

Answer: Y) Y) Every 200 million years

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

A ball is swinging in a circle on a string in the absence of gravity. When the string length is doubled at the same velocity, the force on the string will be: W) Doubled X) Quadrupled Y) Halved Z) Quartered

W: W) Doubled

X: X) Quadrupled

Y: Y) Halved

Z: Z) Quartered

Answer: Y) Y) Halved

BONUS phys phrase

Which of Kepler’s laws states that a satellite’s angular momentum is conserved as it orbits?

Acceptable Answers:

  • SECOND

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What law relates the distance between the Milky Way and another galaxy to the speed that galaxy is receding from us?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HUBBLE’S LAW

BONUS ess phrase

What is the specific name for the theory that gravity is just a curvature of spacetime?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GENERAL RELATIVITY

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • RELATIVITY
  • SPECIAL RELATIVITY

TOSS-UP general phrase

An Atwood machine can be used to measure what fundamental force?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GRAVITY

BONUS general multiple_choice

What can analog signals do that digital signals cannot do? W) Carry only discrete values X) Transmit binary data Y) Transmit information Z) Have a continuum of values

W: W) Carry only discrete values

X: X) Transmit binary data

Y: Y) Transmit information

Z: Z) Have a continuum of values

Answer: Z) Z) Have a continuum of values

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the greatest integer less than or equal to the square root of 500?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 22

BONUS math phrase

Your fully charged cell phone is good for 8 hours. How many minutes remain after using 40% of the battery?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 288

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Certain diseases, like hemophilia, are mostly contracted by men and inherited from their carrier mothers. On what specific chromosome do the genes for these diseases reside?

Acceptable Answers:

  • X CHROMOSOME

BONUS bio phrase

Tapeworms are part of what phylum?

Acceptable Answers:

  • PLATYHELMINTHES

TOSS-UP energy order

Order the following three types of light bulbs from least efficient to most efficient: 1) LED; 2) Incandescent; 3) Compact fluorescent.

Choices:

  • LED
  • Incandescent
  • Compact fluorescent

Correct Order:

  • 2
  • 3
  • 1

BONUS energy multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true about propane and its usage for energy: 1) it is a comparatively clean burning fossil fuel; 2) it is supplied to local propane dealers at distribution terminals; 3) it is used to heat asphalt for highway construction and repairs.

Choices:

  • it is a comparatively clean burning fossil fuel
  • it is supplied to local propane dealers at distribution terminals
  • it is used to heat asphalt for highway construction and repairs

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Aside from neurons, what other general type of cells are found in the nervous system?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GLIAL CELLS
  • NEUROGLIA
  • GLIA

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through the plasma membrane of a cell? W) Estradiol X) Cholesterol Y) Water Z) Fibrinogen

W: W) Estradiol

X: X) Cholesterol

Y: Y) Water

Z: Z) Fibrinogen

Answer: Z) Z) Fibrinogen

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

What quantity is a measure of the amount of light that a star emits that reaches the Earth? W) Absolute magnitude X) Luminosity Y) Temperature Z) Apparent magnitude

W: W) Absolute magnitude

X: X) Luminosity

Y: Y) Temperature

Z: Z) Apparent magnitude

Answer: Z) Z) Apparent magnitude

BONUS ess phrase

The Very Large Array is a set of telescopes designed to capture what type of radiation?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RADIO WAVES

TOSS-UP math phrase

In terms of real numbers \(p\) and \(q\), for what value of \(x\) is the function \(-x^2 + px + q\) maximized?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $$\displaystyle \frac{p}{2}$$

BONUS math phrase

Mary went shopping in two stores with her birthday gift money. In the first store, she spent three-fourths of what she had plus \$3. In the second store, she spent two-thirds of what was left plus \$2. She then had \$5 left. How many dollars did she begin with?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 96

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Which of the following fuels has an octane rating of greater than 100? W) n-heptane X) Isopentane Y) Hexane Z) Propane

W: W) n-heptane

X: X) Isopentane

Y: Y) Hexane

Z: Z) Propane

Answer: Z) Z) Propane

BONUS energy phrase

What rating, similar to octane ratings for gasoline, is used to indicate the combustion speed of diesel fuel?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CETANE NUMBER

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What quantum number determines the shape of an electron’s orbital?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AZIMUTHAL
  • ANGULAR MOMENTUM
  • L

BONUS phys multiselect

For the decomposition of gaseous \( \mathrm{N_2O_4} \) to form two gaseous \( \mathrm{NO_2} \) molecules, identify all of the following three changes that would shift the equilibrium to the products: 1) Addition of helium gas; 2) Removal of NO\({_2}\); 3) Isothermal compression of the container.

Choices:

  • Addition of helium gas
  • Removal of NO\(_2\)
  • Isothermal compression of the container

Correct Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP general phrase

What products are formed from the reaction of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WATER AND SALT
  • H₂O AND NaCl

BONUS general phrase

What series of techniques is used for separating mixtures of gases, liquids, or dissolved substances and has variations such as thin layer, column, and liquid?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CHROMATOGRAPHY