MS Sample Set 7, Round 2 from NSB
Coal formed from the remains of plants that died more than 300 million years ago. In what period did these plants live? W) Precambrian X) Cenozoic Y) Carboniferous Z) Cretaceous
W: W) Precambrian
X: X) Cenozoic
Y: Y) Carboniferous
Z: Z) Cretaceous
Answer: Y) Y) Carboniferous
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? W) Mitosis refers to cell division while meiosis refers to cell repair X) Mitosis produces haploid cells while meiosis produces diploid cells Y) Meiosis has fewer stages than mitosis Z) Meiosis typically produces haploid gametes while mitosis does not
W: W) Mitosis refers to cell division while meiosis refers to cell repair
X: X) Mitosis produces haploid cells while meiosis produces diploid cells
Y: Y) Meiosis has fewer stages than mitosis
Z: Z) Meiosis typically produces haploid gametes while mitosis does not
Answer: Z) Z) Meiosis typically produces haploid gametes while mitosis does not
Our Sun is a power source that generates energy through nuclear fusion. In this process, lighter hydrogen nuclei combine to form what heavier element?
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Given a temperature of 95 °F, the energy efficiency ratio (EER) is defined as the cooling capacity in Btu per hour over watts. Calculate the EER of an air conditioner with a cooling capacity of 10,000 Btu per hour and a watts unit consumption of 1000 watts.
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A student hears the siren of a steadily approaching police car. Which of the following is true? W) The sound waves decrease in speed as the car nears X) The sound waves increase in speed as the car nears Y) The perceived frequency of the siren is greater than the frequency heard when the police car is at rest Z) The perceived frequency of the siren is less than the frequency heard when the police car is at rest
W: W) The sound waves decrease in speed as the car nears
X: X) The sound waves increase in speed as the car nears
Y: Y) The perceived frequency of the siren is greater than the frequency heard when the police car is at rest
Z: Z) The perceived frequency of the siren is less than the frequency heard when the police car is at rest
Answer: Y) Y) The perceived frequency of the siren is greater than the frequency heard when the police car is at rest
The dynamic equilibrium of a reaction is best characterized by which of the following? W) Equal amounts of products, enzymes, and reactants X) Complete use of all enzymes Y) The forward rate of reaction has reached the maximum rate Z) The forward and reverse rates of reaction are equal
W: W) Equal amounts of products, enzymes, and reactants
X: X) Complete use of all enzymes
Y: Y) The forward rate of reaction has reached the maximum rate
Z: Z) The forward and reverse rates of reaction are equal
Answer: Z) Z) The forward and reverse rates of reaction are equal
Which of the following cellular organelles does NOT contain DNA? W) Chloroplasts X) Mitochondria Y) Nuclei Z) Ribosomes
W: W) Chloroplasts
X: X) Mitochondria
Y: Y) Nuclei
Z: Z) Ribosomes
Answer: Z) Z) Ribosomes
Why are so-called nectar robbers a problem for plants? W) They cause inappropriate cross-pollination X) They do not help pollinate plants Y) They steal the plant’s pollen Z) They cause self-pollination
W: W) They cause inappropriate cross-pollination
X: X) They do not help pollinate plants
Y: Y) They steal the plant’s pollen
Z: Z) They cause self-pollination
Answer: X) X) They do not help pollinate plants
Once it breaks through the ground, a type of flower grows ¾ of an inch a day. How many days will it take to reach a height of 6 feet?
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Identify all of the following five block letters that have rotational symmetry: M, T, S, O, X.
Choices:
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What primary weather factor is driven by the pressure gradient caused by uneven heating of Earth’s surface?
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Which of the following states would have the least amount of mass wasting based on the state’s topography? W) Virginia X) Colorado Y) South Dakota Z) Oregon
W: W) Virginia
X: X) Colorado
Y: Y) South Dakota
Z: Z) Oregon
Answer: Y) Y) South Dakota
Your body senses balance using semicircular canals, which are located in which of the following? W) Hippocampus X) Ears Y) Thyroid Z) Optic nerve
W: W) Hippocampus
X: X) Ears
Y: Y) Thyroid
Z: Z) Optic nerve
Answer: X) X) Ears
Which members of our solar system left the majority of craters, scars, and apparent pockmarks on the surface of Earth's moon as a result of multiple impacts?
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Pressure is defined as: W) Force divided by unit area X) Force divided by mass of air above the object Y) Force divided by unit volume Z) Power divided by unit force
W: W) Force divided by unit area
X: X) Force divided by mass of air above the object
Y: Y) Force divided by unit volume
Z: Z) Power divided by unit force
Answer: W) W) Force divided by unit area
Which of the following is true about sound perception? W) The intensity of sound is independent of loudness X) The frequency of sound is logarithmically related to the intensity Y) The loudness of a sound is logarithmically related to the intensity Z) Sounds measured in decibels are independent of the threshold of hearing
W: W) The intensity of sound is independent of loudness
X: X) The frequency of sound is logarithmically related to the intensity
Y: Y) The loudness of a sound is logarithmically related to the intensity
Z: Z) Sounds measured in decibels are independent of the threshold of hearing
Answer: Y) Y) The loudness of a sound is logarithmically related to the intensity
In humans, red-green color blindness is caused by a recessive sex-linked trait on the X chromosome. If a man and a woman produce a color blind son, assuming no spontaneous mutation, which of the following must be true? W) The father is color blind X) Both parents carry the allele for color blindness Y) The mother carries the allele for color blindness Z) Neither parent carries the allele for color blindness
W: W) The father is color blind
X: X) Both parents carry the allele for color blindness
Y: Y) The mother carries the allele for color blindness
Z: Z) Neither parent carries the allele for color blindness
Answer: Y) Y) The mother carries the allele for color blindness
Expressed as a fraction, what is the probability that the daughter of a color blind father and carrier mother will also be color blind?
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The slope of a line with equation y = p x + b is greater than the slope of the line with equation y = q x + b. Which of the following must be true about the relationship between p and q? W) p > q X) p < q Y) p = q Z) p ≤ q
W: W) p > q
X: X) p < q
Y: Y) p = q
Z: Z) p ≤ q
Answer: W) W) p > q
What fraction has 0.757575… as its infinite repeating decimal?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of sediment load carried by a river? W) Dissolved X) Drifting Y) Suspended Z) Bed
W: W) Dissolved
X: X) Drifting
Y: Y) Suspended
Z: Z) Bed
Answer: X) X) Drifting
What is the name for the characteristic assigned to minerals that do NOT cleave in an organized fashion?
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Wolbachia bacteria are maternally transmitted in insect hosts. Wolbachia tend to localize to what region of their insect host? W) Digestive tract X) Head Y) Ovaries Z) Lungs
W: W) Digestive tract
X: X) Head
Y: Y) Ovaries
Z: Z) Lungs
Answer: Y) Y) Ovaries
Which of the following is NOT a method by which Wolbachia manipulate the reproductive processes of their hosts in order to promote their proliferation through a host population? W) Killing male offspring X) Inducing parthenogenesis Y) Causing infected males to develop as females Z) Increasing the proportion of haploid offspring
W: W) Killing male offspring
X: X) Inducing parthenogenesis
Y: Y) Causing infected males to develop as females
Z: Z) Increasing the proportion of haploid offspring
Answer: Z) Z) Increasing the proportion of haploid offspring
When exposed to the atmosphere, iron begins to rust. This surface process represents what type of reaction? W) Oxidation X) Electrolysis Y) Gas evolution Z) Reduction
W: W) Oxidation
X: X) Electrolysis
Y: Y) Gas evolution
Z: Z) Reduction
Answer: W) W) Oxidation
Traditional incandescent light bulbs are being replaced by more energy efficient devices such as LEDs. What is the full term for the acronym LED?
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The kinetic energy of an object is which of the following? W) Directly proportional to the square of the velocity X) Independent of the speed at which it is moving Y) Always a vector quantity Z) Independent of the mass of the object
W: W) Directly proportional to the square of the velocity
X: X) Independent of the speed at which it is moving
Y: Y) Always a vector quantity
Z: Z) Independent of the mass of the object
Answer: W) W) Directly proportional to the square of the velocity
Which of the following is NOT true of metals? W) They exist as extended planes of atoms X) They are malleable and ductile Y) They conduct electricity but do not conduct heat Z) They can be combined to form alloys
W: W) They exist as extended planes of atoms
X: X) They are malleable and ductile
Y: Y) They conduct electricity but do not conduct heat
Z: Z) They can be combined to form alloys
Answer: Y) Y) They conduct electricity but do not conduct heat
The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from what? W) Carbon dioxide X) Water Y) Glucose Z) Rubisco
W: W) Carbon dioxide
X: X) Water
Y: Y) Glucose
Z: Z) Rubisco
Answer: X) X) Water
Arrange the following four groupings of organisms from narrowest to broadest level of categorization: 1) genus, 2) phylum, 3) domain, 4) class.
Choices:
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For a system of two linear equations, which of the following is true if their graphs intersect and have the same slope? W) There is a unique solution X) There are exactly two solutions Y) There are infinitely many solutions Z) There is no solution
W: W) There is a unique solution
X: X) There are exactly two solutions
Y: Y) There are infinitely many solutions
Z: Z) There is no solution
Answer: Y) Y) There are infinitely many solutions
Solve the following equation for x over the real numbers: $$(x – 5)(x + 5) = -16.$$
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What is the meteorological term for the level of water vapor in a given air parcel?
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Which of the following is the crystal habit of halite? W) Cubic X) Hexagonal prism Y) Rhombohedra Z) Dodecahedra
W: W) Cubic
X: X) Hexagonal prism
Y: Y) Rhombohedra
Z: Z) Dodecahedra
Answer: W) W) Cubic
An adaptation is any kind of modification in bodily structure or behavior that increases an organism’s chance of survival in their environment. Which of the following is NOT an example of an adaptation in an organism to its current environment? W) The large eyes of an owl for improved night vision X) The spines of a cactus for improved water retention Y) The appendix of a human for improved protein digestion Z) The jaws of a Venus Flytrap for improved ability to capture insects
W: W) The large eyes of an owl for improved night vision
X: X) The spines of a cactus for improved water retention
Y: Y) The appendix of a human for improved protein digestion
Z: Z) The jaws of a Venus Flytrap for improved ability to capture insects
Answer: Y) Y) The appendix of a human for improved protein digestion
Exopolymeric substances, or EPS, are exuded by microorganisms during times of environmental stress. Which of the following is NOT a function of EPS? W) Protection against starvation X) Protection against mechanical damage Y) Protection against desiccation Z) Protection against viral attack
W: W) Protection against starvation
X: X) Protection against mechanical damage
Y: Y) Protection against desiccation
Z: Z) Protection against viral attack
Answer: W) W) Protection against starvation
Tapeworms can infect the human digestive tract, where they grow and persist for long periods of time, causing relatively moderate symptoms such as diarrhea and anemia. Therefore, tapeworms are best described as which of the following? W) Commensalists X) Parasites Y) Mutualists Z) Parasitoids
W: W) Commensalists
X: X) Parasites
Y: Y) Mutualists
Z: Z) Parasitoids
Answer: X) X) Parasites
What two products are most commonly formed when a strong acid and a strong base react?
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Approximately which of the following percentages of U.S. electric power is generated by nuclear reactors? W) 2% X) 19% Y) 37% Z) 56%
W: W) 2%
X: X) 19%
Y: Y) 37%
Z: Z) 56%
Answer: X) X) 19%
What is primarily used in Brazil as a source of sugar for the production of ethanol?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of an electromagnetic wave? W) Visible light X) Sound waves Y) Microwaves Z) Gamma rays
W: W) Visible light
X: X) Sound waves
Y: Y) Microwaves
Z: Z) Gamma rays
Answer: X) X) Sound waves
Rubbing alcohol has a density of 0.778 g/mL. Providing your answer to two significant figures, what is the mass in grams of a sample that has a volume of 81.0 mL?
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Which of the following is NOT made primarily out of glucose? W) Maltose X) Silk Y) Starch Z) Cotton
W: W) Maltose
X: X) Silk
Y: Y) Starch
Z: Z) Cotton
Answer: X) X) Silk
A simplified food chain for the Aleutian Islands consists of killer whales, sea otters, sea urchins, and kelp. Reducing the number of sea otters is likely to have what impact on the population of kelp?
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Divide 16 into two parts, such that twice the smaller number is 4 less than the larger number. What are the two numbers? W) 4, 12 X) 6, 10 Y) 7, 9 Z) 8, 8
W: W) 4, 12
X: X) 6, 10
Y: Y) 7, 9
Z: Z) 8, 8
Answer: W) W) 4, 12
What are the prime numbers between 70 and 82?
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Which of the following intrusive rock deposits is largest in size? W) Dike X) Batholith Y) Laccolith Z) Sill
W: W) Dike
X: X) Batholith
Y: Y) Laccolith
Z: Z) Sill
Answer: X) X) Batholith
The presence of snow on sea ice has what effect on freeboard, the amount of snow and ice protruding above the surface?
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Which of the following is an example of abrasion weathering? W) Loose rocks collide with each other, wearing each other down X) Oxygen combines with iron to form iron oxide Y) Water enters the cracks of rocks and freezes, causing the cracks to expand Z) Hydrogen ions in water replace elements such as potassium or calcium in rocks
W: W) Loose rocks collide with each other, wearing each other down
X: X) Oxygen combines with iron to form iron oxide
Y: Y) Water enters the cracks of rocks and freezes, causing the cracks to expand
Z: Z) Hydrogen ions in water replace elements such as potassium or calcium in rocks
Answer: W) W) Loose rocks collide with each other, wearing each other down
In 1912, Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift. It wasn’t until the 1960s that enough evidence was found to propose a theory of how continental drift occurred, the theory we still use today. What is the name for this theory?
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