HS Sample Set 3, Round 13 from NSB
Which of the following is the form of highly condensed chromatin that is not transcribable in its present form and typical of the type of chromatin visible in the light microscope when the cell is in interphase? W) Z DNA X) euchromatin Y) heterochromatin Z) histochromatin
W: W) Z DNA
X: X) euchromatin
Y: Y) heterochromatin
Z: Z) histochromatin
Answer: Y) Y) heterochromatin
Which of the following is a primary consequence of histone acetylation: W) increased access of transcriptional factors to DNA X) decreased access of transcriptional factors to DNA Y) increased rate of cells entering mitosis Z) G-1 block
W: W) increased access of transcriptional factors to DNA
X: X) decreased access of transcriptional factors to DNA
Y: Y) increased rate of cells entering mitosis
Z: Z) G-1 block
Answer: W) W) increased access of transcriptional factors to DNA
What type of magnetism exists in substances in which electrons are unpaired and are very weakly attracted by magnetic fields?
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Which of the following diatomic molecules will exhibit paramagnetism: W) B2 X) N2 Y) C2 Z) F2
W: W) B2
X: X) N2
Y: Y) C2
Z: Z) F2
Answer: W) W) B2
What percent of energy in our Universe is believed to consist of dark matter and normal matter: W) 4.4% X) 16% Y) 27% Z) 73%
W: W) 4.4%
X: X) 16%
Y: Y) 27%
Z: Z) 73%
Answer: Y) Y) 27%
Order the following 4 substances from the one with the LOWEST dielectric constant to the HIGHEST at 20ºC:
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Solve the following trigonometric equation for x, giving your answer in degrees such that 0º ≤ x < 360º: $$2 \sin x - 1 = 0$$
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Solve the following logarithmic equation in base 10 for x over the real numbers: $$\log(2x - 1) = \log(x + 2) + \log(x - 2)$$
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DO NOT ACCEPT:
Which of the following BEST describes the largest size of sediment particle that can be transported by a particular flow in a river: W) discharge X) competency Y) capacity Z) bed load
W: W) discharge
X: X) competency
Y: Y) capacity
Z: Z) bed load
Answer: X) X) competency
A ship accidentally loses a cargo of floating rubber balls off the East coast of Japan. If they follow the prevailing currents, in which of the following locations will most of them likely FIRST wash on shore: W) the western coast of North America X) the eastern coast of Australia Y) the western coast of Australia Z) the south-central coast of Alaska
W: W) the western coast of North America
X: X) the eastern coast of Australia
Y: Y) the western coast of Australia
Z: Z) the south-central coast of Alaska
Answer: W) W) the western coast of North America
Which of the following is a mint-flavoring used in chewing gum, toothpaste, and mouthwashes produced naturally in fruits and vegetables: W) wintergreen X) xylitol Y) winterol Z) arabinose
W: W) wintergreen
X: X) xylitol
Y: Y) winterol
Z: Z) arabinose
Answer: X) X) xylitol
The separation of proteins using SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is primarily based on: W) charge only X) charge and shape Y) molecular mass Z) shape only
W: W) charge only
X: X) charge and shape
Y: Y) molecular mass
Z: Z) shape only
Answer: Y) Y) molecular mass
Which of the following is LEAST accurate: W) magnetic fields can be strongly amplified when 2 neutron stars merge X) Saturn’s moon Titan has been found to have large dunes Y) hydrogen and nitrogen isotopes have been found in organic matter of primitive meteorites Z) interplanetary dust particles are typically nitrogen-rich and carbon-poor
W: W) magnetic fields can be strongly amplified when 2 neutron stars merge
X: X) Saturn’s moon Titan has been found to have large dunes
Y: Y) hydrogen and nitrogen isotopes have been found in organic matter of primitive meteorites
Z: Z) interplanetary dust particles are typically nitrogen-rich and carbon-poor
Answer: Z) Z) interplanetary dust particles are typically nitrogen-rich and carbon-poor
Which of the following is LEAST accurate: W) the imaginary north-south line that passes through the zenith on the celestial sphere is the meridian X) Kirkwood gaps are gaps in the main asteroid belt caused by the gravitational effects of Mars Y) Population TWO stars are composed mostly of hydrogen and helium Z) a negative sign indicates the celestial coordinate is in the southern hemisphere
W: W) the imaginary north-south line that passes through the zenith on the celestial sphere is the meridian
X: X) Kirkwood gaps are gaps in the main asteroid belt caused by the gravitational effects of Mars
Y: Y) Population TWO stars are composed mostly of hydrogen and helium
Z: Z) a negative sign indicates the celestial coordinate is in the southern hemisphere
Answer: X) X) Kirkwood gaps are gaps in the main asteroid belt caused by the gravitational effects of Mars
Which of the following is a primary target of certain HIV drugs, such as AZT, specifically because HIV is a retrovirus: W) reverse transcriptase X) HIV receptors Y) CD 4 cells Z) CD 8 cells
W: W) reverse transcriptase
X: X) HIV receptors
Y: Y) CD 4 cells
Z: Z) CD 8 cells
Answer: W) W) reverse transcriptase
Name all of the following 5 products that are NOT produced by the adult human liver: clotting factors; glycogen; erythropoietin; bile; corticotropin
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Which of the following is a term used to describe the electronic geometry around a central atom that has 5 regions of high electron density: W) tetrahedral X) trigonal pyramidal Y) trigonal bipyramidal Z) octahedral
W: W) tetrahedral
X: X) trigonal pyramidal
Y: Y) trigonal bipyramidal
Z: Z) octahedral
Answer: Y) Y) trigonal bipyramidal
Which of the following is NOT an aromatic amino acid: W) glutamine X) tryptophan Y) phenylalanine Z) tyrosine
W: W) glutamine
X: X) tryptophan
Y: Y) phenylalanine
Z: Z) tyrosine
Answer: W) W) glutamine
Giving your answer in hertz, what is the lowest frequency possible for a string that is 90 centimeters long and whose wave speed is 360 meters per second?
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Current accounting of the composition of the universe suggests that dark energy and dark matter together make up about what percent of the energy in the universe: W) 65% X) 75% Y) 85% Z) 95%
W: W) 65%
X: X) 75%
Y: Y) 85%
Z: Z) 95%
Answer: Z) Z) 95%
Simplify the following radical expression, giving your answer in standard bi form: $$\sqrt{\frac{49}{-144}}$$
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Multiply the following complex numbers, giving your answer in standard form: $(2 + i^2)(3 - i^2)$
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Which of the following was the primary instrument used to gather 5 to 35 micrometer spectra data from the Deep Impact mission: W) Chandra X-ray observatory X) Arecibo radio telescope Y) Hubble gamma-ray telescope Z) Spitzer infrared spectrograph
W: W) Chandra X-ray observatory
X: X) Arecibo radio telescope
Y: Y) Hubble gamma-ray telescope
Z: Z) Spitzer infrared spectrograph
Answer: Z) Z) Spitzer infrared spectrograph
By what multiple does the brightness of two stars differ with apparent magnitudes of –3 and +4: W) 2.5 X) 25 Y) 250 Z) 625
W: W) 2.5
X: X) 25
Y: Y) 250
Z: Z) 625
Answer: Z) Z) 625
Which of the following glacial features are deposited in annual layers and can be used by geologists to determine seasonal variations during past ice ages: W) drumlins X) moraines Y) varves Z) eskers
W: W) drumlins
X: X) moraines
Y: Y) varves
Z: Z) eskers
Answer: Y) Y) varves
Which of the following is a geothermal process that has mostly led to concentrated stores of copper and zinc in the Earth’s crust: W) soil leaching X) hydrothermal precipitation Y) igneous cooling Z) evaporation of water
W: W) soil leaching
X: X) hydrothermal precipitation
Y: Y) igneous cooling
Z: Z) evaporation of water
Answer: X) X) hydrothermal precipitation
If the temperature of an object is doubled, and all other things remain the same, how many times as fast will it radiate energy?
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How many sidereal minutes are in 4 sidereal hours?
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During the electron transport system, a store of potential energy is created that will be converted into high energy phosphates. The potential energy is best described as: W) ADP X) ATP Y) the hydrogen ion gradient Z) the sodium differential
W: W) ADP
X: X) ATP
Y: Y) the hydrogen ion gradient
Z: Z) the sodium differential
Answer: Y) Y) the hydrogen ion gradient
What is the first place in the breakdown of glucose, starting in glycolysis and through the Krebs cycle, where CO₂ is released: W) pyruvate yielding Acetyl Co-A X) 3-phosphoglycerate yielding 2-phosphoglycerate Y) isocitrate yielding alpha-ketoglutarate Z) oxaloacetate yielding citrate
W: W) pyruvate yielding Acetyl Co-A
X: X) 3-phosphoglycerate yielding 2-phosphoglycerate
Y: Y) isocitrate yielding alpha-ketoglutarate
Z: Z) oxaloacetate yielding citrate
Answer: W) W) pyruvate yielding Acetyl Co-A
Which of the following molecules has the highest bond enthalpy, or energy it would take to break apart the bond: W) F₂ X) H₂ Y) HCl Z) CO
W: W) F₂
X: X) H₂
Y: Y) HCl
Z: Z) CO
Answer: Z) Z) CO
Silver iodide, or AgI, is LEAST soluble in which of the following aqueous solutions: W) NaOH X) distilled water Y) HNO₃ Z) KI
W: W) NaOH
X: X) distilled water
Y: Y) HNO₃
Z: Z) KI
Answer: Z) Z) KI
In using a frequency of light that causes the photoelectric effect, which of the following will occur when there is an increase in the intensity of the incident light beam on a metal surface: W) the maximum kinetic energy of ejected electrons will increase exponentially X) the maximum kinetic energy of ejected electrons will increase linearly Y) it will increase the work function Z) more electrons will be ejected from the metal
W: W) the maximum kinetic energy of ejected electrons will increase exponentially
X: X) the maximum kinetic energy of ejected electrons will increase linearly
Y: Y) it will increase the work function
Z: Z) more electrons will be ejected from the metal
Answer: Z) Z) more electrons will be ejected from the metal
Which of the following is NOT true according to the Standard Model of Particle Physics: W) quarks carry color charge X) hadrons are color-neutral particles Y) quarks can be isolated from their hadrons Z) the carrier particle for the electromagnetic interaction has zero charge
W: W) quarks carry color charge
X: X) hadrons are color-neutral particles
Y: Y) quarks can be isolated from their hadrons
Z: Z) the carrier particle for the electromagnetic interaction has zero charge
Answer: Y) Y) quarks can be isolated from their hadrons
In degrees, what is the least positive angle that is coterminal with 650°?
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Given the function \(f(x) = x^3 + 3x - k\) and \(f(3) = 31\), solve for \(k\).
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It is estimated that the supercontinent Pangaea began to break up at the end of the Triassic Period about how many years ago: W) 2.5 billion years X) 225 million years Y) 5 million years Z) 150,000 years
W: W) 2.5 billion years
X: X) 225 million years
Y: Y) 5 million years
Z: Z) 150,000 years
Answer: X) X) 225 million years
A group of small volcanoes, called the petit spot volcanoes, was recently found. What makes this find so unusual is they are believed to be formed: W) from asthenosphere material squeezing through cracks caused by bending in Earth’s crust X) from plumes rising rapidly from the boundary between Earth’s core and mantle Y) at a convergent plate boundary Z) at a mid-ocean ridge
W: W) from asthenosphere material squeezing through cracks caused by bending in Earth’s crust
X: X) from plumes rising rapidly from the boundary between Earth’s core and mantle
Y: Y) at a convergent plate boundary
Z: Z) at a mid-ocean ridge
Answer: W) W) from asthenosphere material squeezing through cracks caused by bending in Earth’s crust
Which of the following is NOT true: W) long-term variation in Earth’s insolation is partially caused by precession X) there has yet to be any scientifically well-documented case of a human whose immune system has eradicated HIV from their body Y) Candida albicans is a common fungal infective agent in humans Z) most scientific evidence supports the belief that C3 plants evolved from C4 plants
W: W) long-term variation in Earth’s insolation is partially caused by precession
X: X) there has yet to be any scientifically well-documented case of a human whose immune system has eradicated HIV from their body
Y: Y) Candida albicans is a common fungal infective agent in humans
Z: Z) most scientific evidence supports the belief that C3 plants evolved from C4 plants
Answer: Z) Z) most scientific evidence supports the belief that C3 plants evolved from C4 plants
By number or name, identify all of the following blood measures that would suggest a woman is deficient in iron: 1) low hematocrit; 2) larger than average size of erythrocytes; 3) high levels of TSH; 4) increased transferrin level
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Name all of the following 4 objects that would NOT be found on Earth: meteors; craters; asteroid impact remnants; bolides
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For someone standing at 22° North latitude, how many degrees above the horizon will the north celestial pole be?
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How many codons in the entire genetic code call for amino acids?
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Name all of the following organelles that are bounded by a double membrane: nucleus; mitochondrion; chloroplast; lysosome
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Order the following 3 ionic solids in terms of their lattice energies, going from the HIGHEST to the LOWEST: LiBr; KBr; NaBr
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Arrange the following 3 oxoacids or oxyacids in order of INCREASING acid strength: HBrO₃; HBrO₂; HBrO
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If a rock is spun on a sling with a frequency of 100 revolutions per minute, what is the rock’s period, in seconds?
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A 3-kilogram model airplane has velocity components of 5 m/s due east and 8 m/s due north. What is the plane’s kinetic energy, in joules to the nearest whole number?
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What part of the human brain releases the most corticotropin?
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What is the average yield of ATP for every NADH and for every FADH₂, respectively, that pass through the electron transport system?
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