MS Sample Set 13, Round 10 from NSB
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab have developed a method to use nanoscale spikes of carbon atoms to reduce gaseous nitrogen to what colorless, pungent gas important in the manufacturing of fertilizer?
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DOE researchers at Idaho National Lab are developing practical methods to reduce the cost of biodiesel production. From which of the following stocks is biodiesel made? W) Corn X) Wheat Y) Vegetable oil Z) Algae
W: W) Corn
X: X) Wheat
Y: Y) Vegetable oil
Z: Z) Algae
Answer: Y) Y) Vegetable oil
What mechanism of heat transfer in the mantle drives plate tectonics?
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Identify all of the following substances that would be able to scratch the mineral apatite: 1) Fluorite; 2) Quartz; 3) Gypsum.
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What is the term for a rod-shaped bacterium?
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Which of the following hormones requires iodine for its synthesis? W) Thyroid-stimulating hormone X) Thyroxine Y) Luteinizing hormone Z) Testosterone
W: W) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
X: X) Thyroxine
Y: Y) Luteinizing hormone
Z: Z) Testosterone
Answer: X) X) Thyroxine
Calculate the mean of the following 4 numbers: 12, 18, 30, 20.
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To the nearest whole number, what is the area of a circle with circumference 20?
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The pH scale can be used to quantify which of the following properties of a solution? W) Saturation X) Basicity Y) Boiling point Z) Osmolarity
W: W) Saturation
X: X) Basicity
Y: Y) Boiling point
Z: Z) Osmolarity
Answer: X) X) Basicity
After Rutherford's experiments in 1918, scientists were confident that the atom was composed of what two particles?
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Which of the following star masses, given in solar masses, is closest to the minimum amount of mass needed to form a black hole? W) 3 X) 10 Y) 18 Z) 25
W: W) 3
X: X) 10
Y: Y) 18
Z: Z) 25
Answer: W) W) 3
Order the following four star colors in decreasing order of related surface temperature: 1) Yellow; 2) White; 3) Red; 4) Blue.
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Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Lab are studying superconducting materials using computational modeling. In these materials, Cooper pairs form between what particles to allow the conduction of currents?
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Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Lab are supercooling liquid water to 136 kelvins, where it freezes extremely quickly to generate a glass-like ice. What is this temperature to the nearest degree Celsius?
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What is the slope of the line with equation 3x + 5y = –30?
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Simplify the fraction with numerator 2 + √2 and denominator 2 – √2.
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What type of tissue gives flexibility and elasticity to structures such as the ear and nose?
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Identify all of the following three animals that typically have an exoskeleton: 1) Lobster; 2) Tuna; 3) Ant.
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What type of electrical device stores electrical energy in the form of an electric field, such as between two conducting plates?
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If a 50-kilogram person expends 1000 joules of energy climbing up stairs, then to the nearest meter, what is the maximum theoretical height the person could climb?
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Relative humidity is calculated using what two quantities? W) Water vapor pressure and total atmospheric pressure X) Temperature and total atmospheric pressure Y) Water vapor pressure and saturation vapor pressure Z) Temperature and saturation vapor pressure
W: W) Water vapor pressure and total atmospheric pressure
X: X) Temperature and total atmospheric pressure
Y: Y) Water vapor pressure and saturation vapor pressure
Z: Z) Temperature and saturation vapor pressure
Answer: Y) Y) Water vapor pressure and saturation vapor pressure
A geologist has a metamorphic rock sample that she observes to be nonfoliated and appears to react with dilute acid. Which of the following rocks could she have? W) Marble X) Quartzite Y) Slate Z) Schist
W: W) Marble
X: X) Quartzite
Y: Y) Slate
Z: Z) Schist
Answer: W) W) Marble
Rounded to the nearest 100, what is 417 times 8?
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A cube and a right rectangular prism have the same volume. If the dimensions of the prism are 6, 10, and 12, what is the length of each edge of the cube?
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Tanning salons can increase the risk of skin cancer due to exposure to light of what region of the electromagnetic spectrum?
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Identify all of the following three organisms that are bryophytes: 1) Mosses; 2) Ferns; 3) Pine trees.
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What term do chemists use to describe the tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond?
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What is the pH of a solution at 25 degrees Celsius if the concentration of hydroxide ions is 10^–4 molar?
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Which of the following types of clouds would be most predictive of heavy rain? W) Cumulonimbus X) Cirrus Y) Altocumulus Z) Stratus
W: W) Cumulonimbus
X: X) Cirrus
Y: Y) Altocumulus
Z: Z) Stratus
Answer: W) W) Cumulonimbus
Hoarfrost is produced when water vapor undergoes what physical change?
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Which of the following is an example of a zoonotic disease? W) Measles X) Bubonic plague Y) Cholera Z) Chicken pox
W: W) Measles
X: X) Bubonic plague
Y: Y) Cholera
Z: Z) Chicken pox
Answer: X) X) Bubonic plague
Identify all of the following three diseases that are caused by viruses: 1) West Nile; 2) Influenza; 3) Tetanus.
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What is the remainder when 86 is divided by 14?
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What is the area of a right triangle with hypotenuse of length 13 and one leg of length 11?
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Nuclear power plants in the United States typically either generate power at their full rated capacity, or not at all, even though they have the capability to vary power output. Researchers at Argonne National Lab recently conducted a study that demonstrated the benefits of varying power output to help grid operators rebalance supply and demand in response to unexpected power events. Which of the following alternative energy sources, if attached to the grid, would be most likely to result in unplanned surpluses or shortfalls? W) Biofuel X) Geothermal Y) Wind Z) Biomass
W: W) Biofuel
X: X) Geothermal
Y: Y) Wind
Z: Z) Biomass
Answer: Y) Y) Wind
Los Alamos National Lab researchers are studying a group of pumps known as RND efflux pumps. These proteins perform which of the following types of transport? W) Passive diffusion X) Osmosis Y) Active transport Z) Facilitated diffusion
W: W) Passive diffusion
X: X) Osmosis
Y: Y) Active transport
Z: Z) Facilitated diffusion
Answer: Y) Y) Active transport
Which of the following substances likely has the strongest odor? W) NaCl X) Cu Y) NH3 Z) SiO2
W: W) NaCl
X: X) Cu
Y: Y) NH3
Z: Z) SiO2
Answer: Y) Y) NH3
You toss a baseball. Neglecting air resistance, identify all of the following three quantities that stay constant as the baseball travels: 1) Total speed; 2) Vertical speed; 3) Horizontal speed.
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The gas tail of a comet points away from the Sun due to its interaction with what stream of particles?
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What paradox states that, if the universe is infinite and static, then the night sky should be as bright as the Sun?
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What is the degree of the product of the three binomials x + 3, x^6 – 7x^2, and x^4 – 12?
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All 24 people at a party want to shake hands with everyone else. To accomplish this, how many handshakes must take place?
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If you listen to someone’s heart, the sounds you hear originate from the motion of what structures within the heart?
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In marine birds, glands near their eyes will secrete a fluid that drips off their beaks. What is the primary substance that this process is intended to excrete?
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When pushing a friend on a swing, there is a natural frequency that you can apply to the pushes so that your friend achieves maximal height. What is the adjective for this frequency?
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Identify all of the following three objects that are chiral: 1) Human hands; 2) Soda can; 3) Shoe.
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