HS Sample Set 15, Round 8 from NSB
What state of matter has a definite volume but not a definite shape?
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What is the minimum number of carbon atoms a ketone can possess?
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What is the ratio of the kinetic energy of a 5-kilogram mass moving at four meters per second to that of a 2-kilogram mass moving at two meters per second?
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Nick is sitting in a car that has a tennis ball hanging from a string attached to the ceiling. As the car accelerates forward at two meters per second squared, he observes the ball appear to be pulled toward the back of the car. Relative to the horizontal, what is the absolute value of the tangent of the angle the string makes to the ceiling?
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Researchers at Brookhaven National Lab are studying electron-hole pairing in the superconducting material lanthanum barium copper oxide, or LBCO. Which of the following is the characteristic of LBCO they are studying? W) It heats up substantially when an external magnetic field is shut off X) Its conductance increases rapidly below 40 kelvins Y) It develops a strong spontaneous electric polarization in response to mechanical stress Z) It undergoes strong resonance oscillation in response to an oscillating electric field
W: W) It heats up substantially when an external magnetic field is shut off
X: X) Its conductance increases rapidly below 40 kelvins
Y: Y) It develops a strong spontaneous electric polarization in response to mechanical stress
Z: Z) It undergoes strong resonance oscillation in response to an oscillating electric field
Answer: X) X) Its conductance increases rapidly below 40 kelvins
Ames Lab researchers are making measurements of superconductors at temperatures of 50 milli-kelvins. To two significant figures, standard temperature is how many times hotter than 50 milli-kelvins?
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In humans, the cerebellum is primarily responsible for which of the following functions? W) Memory X) Balance Y) Breathing Z) Vision
W: W) Memory
X: X) Balance
Y: Y) Breathing
Z: Z) Vision
Answer: X) X) Balance
Order the following three types of mature, mammalian blood vessels in increasing mean blood velocity in the systemic circulation: 1) Veins; 2) Capillaries; 3) Arteries.
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What is the greatest common factor of 60 and 285?
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Each day, Bella eats 20% of the jellybeans left in a jar. At the end of the second day, there are 112 jellybeans left in the jar. How many jellybeans were in the jar originally?
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What type of cataclysmic event created the Crab Nebula?
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Two stars in a circular binary system have masses of 1 and 3 solar masses, respectively. If the distance from the lighter star’s center of mass to the center of mass of the system is 2 AU, then, in AU, what is the distance between the stars’ centers of mass?
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Consider a 12-gram sample of carbon-12. What is the name for the constant one obtains by dividing the mass of this sample by the atomic mass of carbon-12?
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Which of the following would be the best indicator for the titration of ammonia with hydrochloric acid? W) Bromothymol blue X) Phenolphthalein Y) Methyl red Z) Methyl violet
W: W) Bromothymol blue
X: X) Phenolphthalein
Y: Y) Methyl red
Z: Z) Methyl violet
Answer: Y) Y) Methyl red
What physical quantity describes the rate of change of angular momentum around a center of mass?
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Consider a bullet with mass one gram and speed one kilometer per second that is stopped in 0.1 milliseconds upon collision with an object. In newtons, what is the average stopping force on the bullet during this interval?
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Scientists at Argonne National Lab are studying how Lepidopterans drink liquids. Which of the following types of animals are part of Lepidoptera? W) Beetles X) Butterflies Y) Spiders Z) Fruit flies
W: W) Beetles
X: X) Butterflies
Y: Y) Spiders
Z: Z) Fruit flies
Answer: X) X) Butterflies
Engineers at Pacific Northwest National Lab have developed a new technology to manufacture aluminum alloys. Their method increases the plastic deformability of the alloys under stress, increasing the amount of strain the alloys can withstand before they eventually break. What is this property of metals to deform under tensile stress called?
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What is the second derivative with respect to \(x\) of $$7x^2 - 3x + 15$$ evaluated at \(x = 4\)?
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What number must be added to both the numerator and denominator of \(\tfrac{6}{7}\) to get \(\tfrac{8}{5}\)?
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Following the breakup of Pangea, modern day Antarctica was part of what major landmass?
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In soil, what is the term for the upper surface of the zone of saturation?
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Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete what hormone in response to low blood glucose?
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In glycolysis, what enzyme catalyzes the transformation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bis-phosphate?
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What is the y-intercept of the line with slope 6 that contains the point (2, 5)?
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What is the derivative at \(x = \tfrac12\) of the function \(x^3 e^{2x}\)?
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A child spins a ball on the end of a string in such a way that it traces out a circle with a diameter of 50 cm. In seconds, what is the period of rotation if the ball has a constant speed of one meter per second?
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There are two long, parallel wires each carrying the same current. If the current in each wire is doubled and the distance between the two wires is also doubled, by what factor will the attractive force between the wires be multiplied?
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Savannah River National Lab scientists are tracking the activity of microbes by using electrical impedance in monitoring cultures. Impedance is an AC analog of what quantity?
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Sandia National Lab researchers are engineering Metal–Organic Polyhedra, or MOPs, for targeted drug delivery. One problem with MOPs is that they are typically small enough to pass through the barriers in the glomerulus. This means that they will be rapidly eliminated by what organ?
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In the northern hemisphere, the sidereal time of zero hours and zero minutes corresponds with what point on the celestial sphere?
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The precise value of the Hubble constant continues to inspire debate. Which of the following ranges, in kilometers per second per megaparsec, is closest to the modern estimate of the Hubble constant? W) 50 to 100 X) 101 to 150 Y) 151 to 200 Z) 201 to 250
W: W) 50 to 100
X: X) 101 to 150
Y: Y) 151 to 200
Z: Z) 201 to 250
Answer: W) W) 50 to 100
Which of the following functional groups has the weakest carbon–oxygen bond? W) Alcohol X) Aldehyde Y) Ketone Z) Carboxylic acid
W: W) Alcohol
X: X) Aldehyde
Y: Y) Ketone
Z: Z) Carboxylic acid
Answer: W) W) Alcohol
If it is 31 °C outside, then, in degrees Fahrenheit, what is the temperature outside?
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Polyps and medusae represent the alternating life cycle forms found in what phylum of animals?
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Identify all of the following three actions that are characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system: 1) Increasing heart rate; 2) Stimulated digestive activity; 3) Pupillary constriction.
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Simplify the product of \(\frac{12x^2}{5y}\) and \(\frac{10y}{4x}\).
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Two complex numbers have absolute values of \(5\sqrt2\) and \(3\sqrt3\), and angles of 257° and 136°, respectively. What are the absolute value and the angle degree measure of their product?
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The derivative of momentum with respect to time will yield what physical quantity?
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You measure the root-mean-square voltage of a sinusoidal AC power source as 100 V. In volts with two significant figures, what is the potential difference between a peak and a trough of the wave?
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Which of the following rock types has the highest melting temperature? W) Granite X) Diorite Y) Peridotite Z) Gabbro
W: W) Granite
X: X) Diorite
Y: Y) Peridotite
Z: Z) Gabbro
Answer: Y) Y) Peridotite
The Moho separates what two compositional layers of the Earth?
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Monocytes in the blood are precursors to which of the following cell types found in tissues? W) Fibroblasts X) Erythrocytes Y) Macrophages Z) Endothelial cells
W: W) Fibroblasts
X: X) Erythrocytes
Y: Y) Macrophages
Z: Z) Endothelial cells
Answer: Y) Y) Macrophages
Identify all of the following three processes that virulent phages can undergo: 1) Lytic cycle; 2) Lysogenic cycle; 3) Formation of a prophage.
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What type of bond typically forms between two atoms that have similar or equal electronegativity values?
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Identify all of the following three metals that have a green flame test: 1) Potassium; 2) Strontium; 3) Barium.
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