MS Sample Set 1, Round 18 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

The Sun’s tide-generating force is about: W) one-half that of the Moon X) twice that of the Moon Y) one-fourth that of the Moon Z) 4-times that of the Moon

W: W) one-half that of the Moon

X: X) twice that of the Moon

Y: Y) one-fourth that of the Moon

Z: Z) 4-times that of the Moon

Answer: W) W) one-half that of the Moon

BONUS ess multiselect

Name all of the following 4 types of pelagic or marine sediments that are composed of more than 30% of the skeletal remains of microscopic organisms: 1) calcareous ooze; 2) terrigenous sediments; 3) red clay; 4) siliceous ooze

Choices:

  • calcareous ooze
  • terrigenous sediments
  • red clay
  • siliceous ooze

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 4

TOSS-UP math phrase

Assuming it is in standard position, a 1081º angle will lie in what quadrant of the rectangular coordinate system?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ONE
  • FIRST, I

BONUS math phrase

Giving your answer to the 1st decimal place, find the sum of the first six terms of the geometric sequence whose first three terms are: 0.1, 0.2, 0.4…

Acceptable Answers:

  • 6.3

TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

Leucine and isoleucine are both: W) essential amino acids X) fatty acids Y) complex carbohydrates Z) essential minerals

W: W) essential amino acids

X: X) fatty acids

Y: Y) complex carbohydrates

Z: Z) essential minerals

Answer: W) W) essential amino acids

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following would contain the most dietary vitamin D: W) 1 egg yolk X) 1 tablespoon cod liver oil Y) 1 ounce Swiss cheese Z) 1 cup vitamin D-fortified whole milk

W: W) 1 egg yolk

X: X) 1 tablespoon cod liver oil

Y: Y) 1 ounce Swiss cheese

Z: Z) 1 cup vitamin D-fortified whole milk

Answer: X) X) 1 tablespoon cod liver oil

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following organelles would be most abundant in cells that are producing large amounts of ATP through oxidative metabolism: W) smooth ER X) rough ER Y) mitochondria Z) lysosomes

W: W) smooth ER

X: X) rough ER

Y: Y) mitochondria

Z: Z) lysosomes

Answer: Y) Y) mitochondria

BONUS bio phrase

What is the oxidizing agent in the citric acid cycle that is derived in part from the vitamin niacin?

Acceptable Answers:

  • NAD⁺
  • NAD, NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • NADP, NADH

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following best explains the benefit of adding a solution of ethylene glycol, or antifreeze, to the radiator of a car: W) lowers the freezing point and raises the boiling point X) raises the freezing point and raises the boiling point Y) lowers the freezing point and lowers the boiling point Z) raises the freezing point and lowers the boiling point

W: W) lowers the freezing point and raises the boiling point

X: X) raises the freezing point and raises the boiling point

Y: Y) lowers the freezing point and lowers the boiling point

Z: Z) raises the freezing point and lowers the boiling point

Answer: W) W) lowers the freezing point and raises the boiling point

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Metallic bonding accounts for all but which of the following physical characteristics of metals: W) strength X) ductility Y) high electrical conductivity Z) poor thermal conductivity

W: W) strength

X: X) ductility

Y: Y) high electrical conductivity

Z: Z) poor thermal conductivity

Answer: Z) Z) poor thermal conductivity

TOSS-UP general phrase

Rounding your answer to the first decimal place, if at its closest approach to the Earth, a satellite in a circular orbit about the Sun is 0.3 astronomical units from Earth, how many astronomical units is the satellite from the Sun?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.7

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following is a type of star that is extremely useful in measuring large distances across the universe and led to the discovery that the universe is much bigger than just our Milky Way galaxy: W) eclipsing binaries X) Wolf-Rayets Y) Cepheid variables Z) neutrons

W: W) eclipsing binaries

X: X) Wolf-Rayets

Y: Y) Cepheid variables

Z: Z) neutrons

Answer: Y) Y) Cepheid variables

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Sometimes compared to a slow-moving glob of toothpaste extruding from a tube of toothpaste, which of the following has formed several times within the crater Mount Saint Helens since its 1980 eruption: W) lava domes X) cinder cones Y) flood basalts Z) spatter cones

W: W) lava domes

X: X) cinder cones

Y: Y) flood basalts

Z: Z) spatter cones

Answer: W) W) lava domes

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Knowing that the growth of lava domes is generally nonexplosive and they often grow for many months to years, which of the following best describes their magmas: W) low viscosity and low gas content X) low viscosity and high gas content Y) high viscosity and low gas content Z) high viscosity and high gas content

W: W) low viscosity and low gas content

X: X) low viscosity and high gas content

Y: Y) high viscosity and low gas content

Z: Z) high viscosity and high gas content

Answer: Y) Y) high viscosity and low gas content

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following is TRUE for the graph of the following two equations: •  $$x + y = 8$$ •  $$2x + 2y = 16$$ W) they coincide X) they are perpendicular lines Y) they are parallel lines Z) they are horizontal lines

W: W) they coincide

X: X) they are perpendicular lines

Y: Y) they are parallel lines

Z: Z) they are horizontal lines

Answer: W) W) they coincide

BONUS math phrase

Divide and simplify the following, combining like terms: • raw: (a³ – b³)/(a – b) • KaTeX: $$\frac{a^3 - b^3}{a - b}$$

Acceptable Answers:

  • a² + ab + b² Also: $$a^2 + ab + b^2$$

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is the most common energy intermediate that couples exergonic and endergonic reactions in living cells: W) fat X) cellulose Y) glucose Z) ATP

W: W) fat

X: X) cellulose

Y: Y) glucose

Z: Z) ATP

Answer: Z) Z) ATP

BONUS bio multiselect

Name all of the following 4 cells that are typically diploid: 1) zygote; 2) lymphocyte; 3) red blood cell; 4) mature ovum

Choices:

  • zygote
  • lymphocyte
  • red blood cell
  • mature ovum

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP phys phrase

How many times as much kinetic energy does a falling rock have if it triples its velocity?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 9

BONUS phys multiple_choice

Which of the following has the GREATEST kinetic energy for an object moving in a straight path: W) a mass of 2 kg with a velocity of 10 m/s X) a mass of 4 kg with a velocity of 8 m/s Y) a mass of 6 kg with a velocity of 6 m/s Z) a mass of 8 kg with a velocity of 4 m/s

W: W) a mass of 2 kg with a velocity of 10 m/s

X: X) a mass of 4 kg with a velocity of 8 m/s

Y: Y) a mass of 6 kg with a velocity of 6 m/s

Z: Z) a mass of 8 kg with a velocity of 4 m/s

Answer: X) X) a mass of 4 kg with a velocity of 8 m/s

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes what meteorologists call a mesoscale convective complex: W) an Alberta clipper X) a low-precipitation supercell tornado Y) a large cluster of thunderstorms Z) a widespread area of cool, clear conditions

W: W) an Alberta clipper

X: X) a low-precipitation supercell tornado

Y: Y) a large cluster of thunderstorms

Z: Z) a widespread area of cool, clear conditions

Answer: Y) Y) a large cluster of thunderstorms

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is the name for the fault in which displacement of the hanging wall is downward with respect to the footwall: W) normal X) reverse Y) strike-slip Z) thrust

W: W) normal

X: X) reverse

Y: Y) strike-slip

Z: Z) thrust

Answer: W) W) normal

TOSS-UP math phrase

What statistical quantity is computed knowing the square root of the variance and is a measure of a population’s dispersion?

Acceptable Answers:

  • STANDARD DEVIATION

BONUS math phrase

How many combinations are there of 8 things taken 6 at a time?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 28

TOSS-UP general phrase

What substance is the most common moderator used in nuclear reactors world-wide?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WATER
  • H₂O

BONUS general multiple_choice

Which of the following best describes how water typically functions as a moderator in nuclear reactors: W) to increase the distance among uranium atoms that are fissioned X) to cool the reactor core Y) to slow fast neutrons and ensure a sustained chain reaction Z) to provide protons for the initiation of fission

W: W) to increase the distance among uranium atoms that are fissioned

X: X) to cool the reactor core

Y: Y) to slow fast neutrons and ensure a sustained chain reaction

Z: Z) to provide protons for the initiation of fission

Answer: Y) Y) to slow fast neutrons and ensure a sustained chain reaction

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following is NOT true of ribosomes: W) they help translate mRNA into protein X) they are too small to be seen with a compound light microscope Y) they are about 20 nanometers in diameter Z) bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes are identical in shape and size

W: W) they help translate mRNA into protein

X: X) they are too small to be seen with a compound light microscope

Y: Y) they are about 20 nanometers in diameter

Z: Z) bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes are identical in shape and size

Answer: Z) Z) bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes are identical in shape and size

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following enzymes most likely catalyses the removal of electrons: W) transferase X) nuclease Y) hydrolase Z) oxidase

W: W) transferase

X: X) nuclease

Y: Y) hydrolase

Z: Z) oxidase

Answer: Z) Z) oxidase

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following would be the most logical choice for neutralizing a small amount of basic sodium hydroxide that was spilled on a lab bench: W) citric acid X) mercury pillow Y) concentrated sulfuric acid Z) concentrated hydrochloric acid

W: W) citric acid

X: X) mercury pillow

Y: Y) concentrated sulfuric acid

Z: Z) concentrated hydrochloric acid

Answer: W) W) citric acid

BONUS phys phrase

When the following chemical equation is balanced, the coefficient of oxygen will be what value: CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following is an example of a mountain range that was primarily formed by a process of fault-blocking: W) the Grand Tetons, Wyoming X) the Andes Mountains Y) the Himalayas Z) the Hawaiian Islands

W: W) the Grand Tetons, Wyoming

X: X) the Andes Mountains

Y: Y) the Himalayas

Z: Z) the Hawaiian Islands

Answer: W) W) the Grand Tetons, Wyoming

BONUS ess phrase

Match each of the following 3 layers of the Earth with the approximate depths given: 1) 25 to 90 km; 2) 5 to 10 km; 3) 2900 km. Layers (in order): oceanic crust; continental crust; mantle.

Acceptable Answers:

  • Oceanic crust = 2 (5 to 10 km); Continental crust = 1 (25 to 90 km); Mantle = 3 (2900 km)

TOSS-UP math order

If a given row of Pascal’s triangle has the values 1, 4, 6, 4, 1, give the exact values for the next row. CHOICES (implicit): next row entries

Choices:

    Correct Order:

    • 1
    • 5
    • 10
    • 10
    • 5
    • 1

    BONUS math phrase

    A balanced coin is flipped once and a fair 6-sided die is rolled once. What is the probability, as a fraction in lowest terms, of obtaining a tail AND a 3?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 1/12 Also: $$\frac{1}{12}$$

    TOSS-UP general multiple_choice

    Which of the following is NOT true of cholesterol: W) cholesterol is transported in blood X) LDL’s, or low density lipoproteins, are typically considered the “bad” cholesterol Y) elevated cholesterol often begins in childhood Z) cholesterol is a common component of plant cell membranes

    W: W) cholesterol is transported in blood

    X: X) LDL’s, or low density lipoproteins, are typically considered the “bad” cholesterol

    Y: Y) elevated cholesterol often begins in childhood

    Z: Z) cholesterol is a common component of plant cell membranes

    Answer: Z) Z) cholesterol is a common component of plant cell membranes

    BONUS general multiple_choice

    Which of the following foods contains the MOST milligrams of cholesterol: W) 1 cup dry, roasted cashew nuts X) 1 whole egg Y) 1 cup whole milk Z) 1 cup olive oil

    W: W) 1 cup dry, roasted cashew nuts

    X: X) 1 whole egg

    Y: Y) 1 cup whole milk

    Z: Z) 1 cup olive oil

    Answer: X) X) 1 whole egg

    TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

    Which of the following is considered the dominant generation in flowering plants: W) hypocotyl X) sporophyte Y) gametophyte Z) anthophyte

    W: W) hypocotyl

    X: X) sporophyte

    Y: Y) gametophyte

    Z: Z) anthophyte

    Answer: X) X) sporophyte

    BONUS bio multiple_choice

    Which of the following is the most distinguishing characteristic of all vertebrates adapted to life on land from amphibians: W) lack of metamorphosis X) presence of true kidneys Y) production of amniotic eggs Z) presence of a coelom

    W: W) lack of metamorphosis

    X: X) presence of true kidneys

    Y: Y) production of amniotic eggs

    Z: Z) presence of a coelom

    Answer: Y) Y) production of amniotic eggs

    TOSS-UP phys phrase

    For two planets separated by a given distance, if the mass of one planet doubles, by what factor will the gravitational attraction between the planets be multiplied?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 2
    • 2 TIMES

    BONUS phys phrase

    If the cost of electricity is 12 cents per kilowatt-hour, how much does it cost to run a 100-watt light bulb for 10 hours?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 12 CENTS

    TOSS-UP ess phrase

    What is the most common astronomical term for the geometrical configuration where an inferior planet is between the Earth and the Sun?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • INFERIOR CONJUNCTION

    BONUS ess phrase

    Giving your answer as crescent, quarter, half, or full, an inferior planet will be in what phase when at inferior conjunction with Earth?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • CRESCENT

    TOSS-UP math phrase

    Classify the graph of $$y = x^2 - 6x - 2$$ as a circle, parabola, straight line, or ellipse:

    Acceptable Answers:

    • PARABOLA

    BONUS math phrase

    A 20-cm long straw in the shape of an open right circular cylinder has a diameter of 2 cm. If the straw is exactly one-quarter filled with water, how many cubic centimeters, rounded to the first decimal place and using π = 3.14, of water are in the straw?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 15.7

    TOSS-UP general phrase

    Fusion of which of the following 5 isotopes will produce the LEAST amount of net energy gain: hydrogen-1; deuterium; tritium; helium; iron

    Acceptable Answers:

    • IRON

    BONUS general phrase

    It is 8:55 PM, December 9 in Boston, Massachusetts (71° W). What time and day is it in London, England (0° W)? Give AM/PM.

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 1:55 AM, DECEMBER 10

    TOSS-UP bio phrase

    How many carbon dioxide molecules are released in each turn of the Citric Acid Cycle?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 2

    BONUS bio multiselect

    By words or numbers, name all of the following 3 places where you would most likely find dense meristematic tissue in a tomato plant: 1) just behind the root cap; 2) in the stem pith; 3) just behind the terminal buds

    Choices:

    • just behind the root cap
    • in the stem pith
    • just behind the terminal buds

    Correct Answers:

    • 1
    • 3

    TOSS-UP phys phrase

    If the half-life of a given isotope is 7 days, what fraction of the original isotope will be left after 14 days?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • 1/4 Also: $$\tfrac{1}{4}$$

    BONUS phys phrase

    Using proper chemical formulas, finish balancing the following equation: Ba(OH)₂ + 2 HCl → ?

    Acceptable Answers:

    • BaCl₂ + 2 H₂O