HS Sample Set 6, Round 8 from NSB
Indicate the name of the common and treatable condition that occurs when a person’s eyeball is longer than normal and the lens focuses distant objects in the front of the retina.
Acceptable Answers:
Quorum [KWOHR-uhm] sensing in bacteria occurs when bacteria “sense” other bacteria. Which of the following triggers this phenomenon to occur? W) Number of bacteria X) Density of bacteria Y) Production and detection of autoinducers Z) Bacterial fission
W: W) Number of bacteria
X: X) Density of bacteria
Y: Y) Production and detection of autoinducers
Z: Z) Bacterial fission
Answer: Y) Y) Production and detection of autoinducers
What type of particle mediates the strong nuclear force?
Acceptable Answers:
A car with a mass of 1100 kilograms moves at 24 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the braking force, in newtons, needed to bring the car to a halt in 20 seconds?
Acceptable Answers:
What is the standard molar enthalpy of formation, in kilojoules per mole, for hydrogen gas?
Acceptable Answers:
Name all of the following five compounds that are soluble in water: 1) sodium sulfate, 2) lead (II) iodide, 3) barium chloride, 4) iron (II) hydroxide, 5) calcium sulfate.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
Liquid water can store more heat energy than an equal amount of any other naturally occurring substance because liquid water has which of the following characteristics? W) It expands when cooled X) It has its greatest density at 4° Celsius Y) It has higher specific heat Z) It can be changed into a solid or a gas
W: W) It expands when cooled
X: X) It has its greatest density at 4° Celsius
Y: Y) It has higher specific heat
Z: Z) It can be changed into a solid or a gas
Answer: Y) Y) It has higher specific heat
Which of the following factors has the greatest influence on the weathering rate of Earth’s surface bedrock? W) Regional climate X) Angle of insolation Y) Age of the bedrock Z) Local air pressure
W: W) Regional climate
X: X) Angle of insolation
Y: Y) Age of the bedrock
Z: Z) Local air pressure
Answer: W) W) Regional climate
If \(g(u)=\int_{0}^{u}\sec^2(t)\,dt\), find \(g'(u)\).
Acceptable Answers:
Factor completely the expression: \(5rs + 25r - 3s - 15\).
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following will NOT usually increase the gas mileage of gasoline cars manufactured since the early 1980s? W) Driving at or below 60 miles per hour on the freeway X) Using cruise control Y) Replacing clogged air filters Z) Using overdrive gears
W: W) Driving at or below 60 miles per hour on the freeway
X: X) Using cruise control
Y: Y) Replacing clogged air filters
Z: Z) Using overdrive gears
Answer: Y) Y) Replacing clogged air filters
A solar cell is an electrical device that converts light energy directly into electricity. What is the term for this conversion process?
Acceptable Answers:
DO NOT ACCEPT:
As could be detected clinically during a functional magnetic resonance image, which of the following parts of the brain would be activated when a person is faced with a fearful situation? W) Neocortex X) Hippocampus Y) Amygdala Z) Superior colliculi
W: W) Neocortex
X: X) Hippocampus
Y: Y) Amygdala
Z: Z) Superior colliculi
Answer: Y) Y) Amygdala
Indicate where action potentials are generated in a myelinated post-synaptic cell. W) Axon hillock X) Dendrites Y) Neuron nucleus Z) Schwann cell
W: W) Axon hillock
X: X) Dendrites
Y: Y) Neuron nucleus
Z: Z) Schwann cell
Answer: W) W) Axon hillock
If a 0.20 kg apple fell 7.0 m, hitting Newton’s head, given \(g=10\ \mathrm{m/s^2}\), what was the change in potential energy in joules?
Acceptable Answers:
Taking \(g=10\ \mathrm{m/s^2}\), what kinetic coefficient of friction will exert a force of 20 N on a 4 kg object as it moves over a horizontal surface?
Acceptable Answers:
What subshell is defined by an electron with quantum numbers \(n=3\) and \(\ell=2\)?
Acceptable Answers:
In a titration experiment, how many grams of sodium hydroxide are needed to neutralize 25 mL of a 0.1 M hydrogen chloride solution?
Acceptable Answers:
Which planet takes more time to complete one rotation on its axis than to complete one revolution around the Sun?
Acceptable Answers:
A major belt of asteroids is located between Mars and Jupiter. Which of the following is the approximate average distance in millions of kilometers between the Sun and this major asteroid belt? W) 110 X) 220 Y) 390 Z) 850
W: W) 110
X: X) 220
Y: Y) 390
Z: Z) 850
Answer: Y) Y) 390
How many terms does the binomial expansion of \((x^2 + 2y^3)^{20}\) contain?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following functions has an oblique asymptote? W) \(\frac{x^5 + 1}{x^4 + 3x^2 + 2}\) X) \(\frac{x^2 + 1}{x^3 - x^2 - 1}\) Y) \(\frac{4x^2 + x + 1}{x^2}\) Z) \(\frac{x^5}{x^2 - 1}\)
W: W) \(\frac{x^5 + 1}{x^4 + 3x^2 + 2}\)
X: X) \(\frac{x^2 + 1}{x^3 - x^2 - 1}\)
Y: Y) \(\frac{4x^2 + x + 1}{x^2}\)
Z: Z) \(\frac{x^5}{x^2 - 1}\)
Answer: W) W) \(\frac{x^5 + 1}{x^4 + 3x^2 + 2}\)
What is the term for a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, and chemicals from biomass?
Acceptable Answers:
Name all of the following five products that have been made with green algae: 1) biodiesel, 2) methane, 3) ethanol, 4) gasoline, 5) biogasoline.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
Given \(f(x)=x+1\) and \(g(x)=3x\), what is \(f(g(x))\)?
Acceptable Answers:
If \(g(b)=6b^3-4b^2+b+4b^{-1}\), what is \(g'(b)\)?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following is the name given to soil that forms over millions of years from weathering of crystalline bedrock? W) Advanced X) Mature Y) Transported Z) Parent
W: W) Advanced
X: X) Mature
Y: Y) Transported
Z: Z) Parent
Answer: X) X) Mature
Which of the following is unlikely, given the Moon’s current orbital plane? W) Solar eclipses visible from Earth X) The Moon passing directly over the poles Y) Lunar eclipses visible from Earth Z) Variations in the lunar path across the sky
W: W) Solar eclipses visible from Earth
X: X) The Moon passing directly over the poles
Y: Y) Lunar eclipses visible from Earth
Z: Z) Variations in the lunar path across the sky
Answer: X) X) The Moon passing directly over the poles
Which of the following senses is most important to the behavior of most spiders? W) Audition X) Olfaction Y) Mechanoreception Z) Polarized light vision
W: W) Audition
X: X) Olfaction
Y: Y) Mechanoreception
Z: Z) Polarized light vision
Answer: Y) Y) Mechanoreception
Which of the following parts of a nerve cell acts as a resistor? W) Ion channels X) Cytoplasm Y) Plasma membrane Z) Mitochondria
W: W) Ion channels
X: X) Cytoplasm
Y: Y) Plasma membrane
Z: Z) Mitochondria
Answer: W) W) Ion channels
A current of 4 mA flows when a resistor is connected across a 12 V battery. What is the resistance of this resistor in ohms?
Acceptable Answers:
Two asteroids that are 10 000 km apart attract each other with a gravitational force of \(F\). If the two asteroids move to 20 000 km apart, what will the gravitational force be in terms of \(F\)?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following molecules is an alkane? W) C4H8 X) C3H8 Y) C2H2 Z) C2H5OH
W: W) C4H8
X: X) C3H8
Y: Y) C2H2
Z: Z) C2H5OH
Answer: X) X) C3H8
Of the following five solutions, name all that are nonelectrolytic: 1) acetone; 2) glucose; 3) acetic acid; 4) nitric acid; 5) ammonia.
Choices:
Correct Answers:
The metamorphism of a sandstone rock will cause the rock to do which of the following? W) Melt X) Contain more fossils Y) Become denser Z) Occupy a greater volume
W: W) Melt
X: X) Contain more fossils
Y: Y) Become denser
Z: Z) Occupy a greater volume
Answer: Y) Y) Become denser
Which of the following pairs of minerals could be contained in the rocks gabbro and granite? W) Calcite and dolomite X) Mica and amphibole Y) Orthoclase and olivine Z) Plagioclase and nepheline
W: W) Calcite and dolomite
X: X) Mica and amphibole
Y: Y) Orthoclase and olivine
Z: Z) Plagioclase and nepheline
Answer: X) X) Mica and amphibole
Which of the following is an identity? W) \(\cos(2x)=2\cos(x)\) X) \(\sin(2x)=2\sin(x)\cos(x)\) Y) \(\cos(x+y)=\cos(x)+\cos(y)\) Z) \(\sin(x-y)=\sin(x)-\sin(y)\)
W: W) \(\cos(2x)=2\cos(x)\)
X: X) \(\sin(2x)=2\sin(x)\cos(x)\)
Y: Y) \(\cos(x+y)=\cos(x)+\cos(y)\)
Z: Z) \(\sin(x-y)=\sin(x)-\sin(y)\)
Answer: X) X) \(\sin(2x)=2\sin(x)\cos(x)\)
For Valentine’s Day, Adam bought several dozen roses and several dozen carnations. The roses cost \$15 per dozen, and the carnations cost \$8 per dozen. Adam bought a total of 17 dozen flowers and paid \$192. How many dozen roses did he buy?
Acceptable Answers:
What is the term for the process during the thermodynamic cycle in which a fluid or gas changes volume or pressure without any heat exchange between it and its surrounding environment?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following statements about carbon sequestration is false? W) Costs of carbon sequestration programs increase due to integration X) Iron fertilization in the ocean encourages phytoplankton growth, which removes additional carbon from the atmosphere Y) The use of cover crops between planting seasons could remove carbon from the atmosphere Z) Peat bogs are excellent for carbon storage
W: W) Costs of carbon sequestration programs increase due to integration
X: X) Iron fertilization in the ocean encourages phytoplankton growth, which removes additional carbon from the atmosphere
Y: Y) The use of cover crops between planting seasons could remove carbon from the atmosphere
Z: Z) Peat bogs are excellent for carbon storage
Answer: W) W) Costs of carbon sequestration programs increase due to integration
Which of the following animal species is usually NOT considered gregarious? W) Leopards X) Harbor seals Y) Brown-headed cowbirds Z) Nile crocodiles
W: W) Leopards
X: X) Harbor seals
Y: Y) Brown-headed cowbirds
Z: Z) Nile crocodiles
Answer: W) W) Leopards
What name is used both for the breathing aperture on arthropods and the nasal opening of whales?
Acceptable Answers:
A wheel with moment of inertia \(m\) is mounted horizontally to a frictionless axle. At \(t=0\) the initial angular speed is \(\omega\). A constant torque \(Q\) is applied, bringing it to a stop in time \(t\). Which of the following is the average power required to dissipate the wheel’s energy in this time? W) \(\frac{m\omega}{2t}\) X) \(\frac{m\omega^2}{2t}\) Y) \(\frac{m\omega}{t}\) Z) \(\frac{m\omega}{Q}\)
W: W) \(\frac{m\omega}{2t}\)
X: X) \(\frac{m\omega^2}{2t}\)
Y: Y) \(\frac{m\omega}{t}\)
Z: Z) \(\frac{m\omega}{Q}\)
Answer: X) X) \(\frac{m\omega^2}{2t}\)
A pole vaulter wishes to clear a bar 5 m above her center of mass. Given an ideal pole and launch, assuming her mass is uniformly distributed, and \(g=10\ \mathrm{m/s^2}\), how fast must she run in m/s?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following chemicals is least likely to hydrogen bond with water? W) Benzene X) Water Y) Ammonia Z) Formic acid
W: W) Benzene
X: X) Water
Y: Y) Ammonia
Z: Z) Formic acid
Answer: W) W) Benzene
A sample containing sulfuric acid requires 10 mL of 0.6 M sodium hydroxide to reach the equivalence point during a titration. How many moles of sulfuric acid were in the sample? (Answer as decimal to three places.)
Acceptable Answers:
Extremely small crystal grains in an igneous rock are an indication that the crystals formed in which of the following ways? W) Under high pressure X) Over a short period of time Y) From an iron-rich magma Z) Deep below the surface of the Earth
W: W) Under high pressure
X: X) Over a short period of time
Y: Y) From an iron-rich magma
Z: Z) Deep below the surface of the Earth
Answer: X) X) Over a short period of time
What quantity is used to compare the speed of light in different mediums?
Acceptable Answers:
What is the name for the boundary between two or more ecological communities?
Acceptable Answers:
Which of the following correctly describes the path of a newly synthesized secreted protein? W) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, plasma membrane X) Golgi apparatus, vesicles, rough endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, plasma membrane Y) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane Z) Golgi apparatus, vesicles, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane
W: W) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, plasma membrane
X: X) Golgi apparatus, vesicles, rough endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, plasma membrane
Y: Y) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane
Z: Z) Golgi apparatus, vesicles, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane
Answer: W) W) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, plasma membrane