MS Sample Set 14, Round 10 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP phys phrase

In the RGB additive color system, what color is complementary to green?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MAGENTA

BONUS phys phrase

To the nearest gram, what is the mass of two moles of nitrogen atoms?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 28

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

If m is an integer and 15m is divisible by 12, which of the following could be m? W) 2 X) 3 Y) 4 Z) 5

W: W) 2

X: X) 3

Y: Y) 4

Z: Z) 5

Answer: Y) Y) 4

BONUS math phrase

If x varies inversely as the square root of y and x equals 20 when y equals 49, what is the value of x when y = 64?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 35/2
  • 17½
  • 17.5

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Most long-period comets are thought to originate in what part of the solar system?

Acceptable Answers:

  • OORT CLOUD

DO NOT ACCEPT:

  • KUIPER BELT

BONUS ess phrase

Algol variables are binary star systems where the brightness of the system dips twice each orbital cycle. What phenomenon causes these dips?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ECLIPSES
  • SYZYGY

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Under normal base pairing rules, what DNA base is complementary to cytosine?

Acceptable Answers:

  • GUANINE
  • G

BONUS energy phrase

What is the chemical formula for neutral aluminum hydroxide?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Al(OH)3

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following criteria is most important in determining if a lens is converging or diverging? W) Its composition X) The thickness of its center compared to its edges Y) Its index of refraction Z) The angle of incident light

W: W) Its composition

X: X) The thickness of its center compared to its edges

Y: Y) Its index of refraction

Z: Z) The angle of incident light

Answer: X) X) The thickness of its center compared to its edges

BONUS phys phrase

Suppose that a 10-kilogram object is moving initially with a velocity of 10 meters per second across a surface, and experiences a frictional force that stops it in 2 seconds. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, to one decimal place?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 0.5

TOSS-UP bio phrase

What is the term for the specialized membrane-bound compartments in eukaryotic cells that carry out specific functions for the cell?

Acceptable Answers:

  • ORGANELLES

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following geologic periods was ended by a major mass extinction? W) Pennsylvanian X) Cretaceous Y) Jurassic Z) Silurian

W: W) Pennsylvanian

X: X) Cretaceous

Y: Y) Jurassic

Z: Z) Silurian

Answer: X) X) Cretaceous

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following translations changes the graph of y = x^2 into that of y = (x + 4)^2 + 6? W) 6 units down and 4 units to the left X) 6 units down and 4 units to the right Y) 6 units up and 4 units to the left Z) 6 units up and 4 units to the right

W: W) 6 units down and 4 units to the left

X: X) 6 units down and 4 units to the right

Y: Y) 6 units up and 4 units to the left

Z: Z) 6 units up and 4 units to the right

Answer: Y) Y) 6 units up and 4 units to the left

BONUS math phrase

One angle of an isosceles triangle measures 68 degrees. In degrees, what are the possible measures of the smallest angle of the triangle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 44 and 56

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

Which of the following transformations is NOT a chemical change? W) Dissolving a salt in water X) Vaporizing a drop of ethanol Y) Mixing solutions of magnesium sulfate and barium nitrate Z) Heating calcium carbonate until it expels a gas

W: W) Dissolving a salt in water

X: X) Vaporizing a drop of ethanol

Y: Y) Mixing solutions of magnesium sulfate and barium nitrate

Z: Z) Heating calcium carbonate until it expels a gas

Answer: X) X) Vaporizing a drop of ethanol

BONUS phys multiple_choice

The atomic number of chlorine is 17. What does this necessarily imply about chlorine atoms? W) They have a mass number of 34 X) They contain 17 protons Y) They contain 17 neutrons Z) They contain 17 electrons

W: W) They have a mass number of 34

X: X) They contain 17 protons

Y: Y) They contain 17 neutrons

Z: Z) They contain 17 electrons

Answer: X) X) They contain 17 protons

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Archaeopteryx was a dinosaur that is thought to be one of the first members of what modern-day class of animals?

Acceptable Answers:

  • AVES
  • BIRDS

BONUS bio phrase

What muscle in the human body causes extension at the elbow joint?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TRICEPS
  • TRICEPS BRACHII

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the degree of the product of the three binomials x^2 + 5, x^6 + x^2, and 7x – 6?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 9

BONUS math phrase

A bag contains 200 identically-sized marbles. Exactly 10% are purple, 20% are blue, 30% are orange, and the rest are red. What is the probability of randomly selecting first an orange marble, replacing it, and then selecting a blue one?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 6%
  • 0.06
  • 3/50

TOSS-UP ess phrase

The Hadley cell is associated with what set of prevailing winds found in tropical latitudes?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TRADE WINDS

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three rock types that contain a significant proportion of calcium carbonate: 1) Limestone; 2) Travertine; 3) Coquina.

Choices:

  • Limestone
  • Travertine
  • Coquina

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Researchers at Brookhaven National Lab have developed a new catalyst for the combustion of ethanol in fuel cells. Other than high-energy electrons that can be used for power, what are the two primary chemical products of this reaction?

Acceptable Answers:

  • Carbon dioxide and water
  • CO2
  • H2O

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab are developing methods to prevent damage to tokamaks during operation. For what application are tokamaks designed? W) Containment of antimatter X) Generation of high-pressure environments Y) Creation of high-intensity ion beams Z) Sustained nuclear fusion

W: W) Containment of antimatter

X: X) Generation of high-pressure environments

Y: Y) Creation of high-intensity ion beams

Z: Z) Sustained nuclear fusion

Answer: Z) Z) Sustained nuclear fusion

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following terms is used to describe the extra copy of a chromosome synthesized during S phase prior to mitosis? W) Homologous chromosome X) Sister chromatid Y) Centromere Z) Mitotic spindle

W: W) Homologous chromosome

X: X) Sister chromatid

Y: Y) Centromere

Z: Z) Mitotic spindle

Answer: X) X) Sister chromatid

BONUS bio phrase

What type of mimicry involves two distasteful species resembling each other?

Acceptable Answers:

  • MÜLLERIAN

TOSS-UP math phrase

If a right triangle has an exterior angle of measure 160 degrees, what is the degree measure of the larger of its acute interior angles?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 70

BONUS math phrase

The graph of the line with equation y = 3x – 4 is reflected through the y-axis. What is the slope-intercept equation of the reflected line?

Acceptable Answers:

  • y = –3x – 4

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

A star’s apparent magnitude is most directly related to which of its properties? W) Brightness X) Temperature Y) Size Z) Age

W: W) Brightness

X: X) Temperature

Y: Y) Size

Z: Z) Age

Answer: W) W) Brightness

BONUS ess phrase

What process is primarily responsible for the ongoing heating and volcanic activity that occurs on some of Jupiter’s moons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • TIDAL HEATING
  • TIDAL FRICTION

TOSS-UP phys phrase

What is the SI unit for luminous intensity?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CANDELA

BONUS phys multiselect

Identify all of the following three statements that are true of water solubility: 1) Increasing the temperature increases solubility of sugar; 2) Increasing the temperature increases the rate of dissolving of sugar; 3) Increasing the temperature increases the solubility of calcium carbonate.

Choices:

  • Increasing the temperature increases solubility of sugar
  • Increasing the temperature increases the rate of dissolving of sugar
  • Increasing the temperature increases the solubility of calcium carbonate

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2

TOSS-UP energy phrase

Scientists at the National Renewable Energy Lab collaborated with counterparts at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab to map electronic relationships between ternary metal nitrides, such as the compound zinc antimony nitride. In most of these compounds, what is the oxidation state of the nitrogen atom?

Acceptable Answers:

  • –3

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Lab recently studied a new phase of water ice in the lab. What type of bond is responsible for holding together adjacent water molecules in normal water ice? W) Hydrogen bond X) Covalent bond Y) Ionic bond Z) Metallic bond

W: W) Hydrogen bond

X: X) Covalent bond

Y: Y) Ionic bond

Z: Z) Metallic bond

Answer: W) W) Hydrogen bond

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Eusociality and intraspecies communication are most apparent in which of the following groups of insects? W) Flies X) Grasshoppers Y) Ants Z) Beetles

W: W) Flies

X: X) Grasshoppers

Y: Y) Ants

Z: Z) Beetles

Answer: Y) Y) Ants

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following parts of the brain is responsible for controlling heart rate and breathing? W) Cerebrum X) Cerebellum Y) Thalamus Z) Medulla

W: W) Cerebrum

X: X) Cerebellum

Y: Y) Thalamus

Z: Z) Medulla

Answer: Z) Z) Medulla

TOSS-UP ess phrase

What name is given to the study of ocean depth and seafloor topography?

Acceptable Answers:

  • BATHYMETRY

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three features of a geologic section that could be used to determine the relative age of a series of rocks: 1) Strike and dip; 2) Intrusion of dikes; 3) Cross-cutting relationships.

Choices:

  • Strike and dip
  • Intrusion of dikes
  • Cross-cutting relationships

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP phys phrase

The pH value of a solution is defined as the negative log of the concentration of what ion?

Acceptable Answers:

  • HYDRONIUM
  • HYDROGEN
  • H+
  • H3O+

BONUS phys phrase

All objects that have a temperature above absolute zero release some energy by emitting photons. What is the term for this type of energy?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RADIANT
  • RADIATION

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following genetic disorders results from a chromosomal trisomy? W) Red-green colorblindness X) Down syndrome Y) Polydactyly Z) Tay-Sachs disease

W: W) Red-green colorblindness

X: X) Down syndrome

Y: Y) Polydactyly

Z: Z) Tay-Sachs disease

Answer: X) X) Down syndrome

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following scenarios is the LEAST likely to result in allopatric speciation? W) Two species of wolves living on either side of a now-underwater isthmus X) Two bird species living on nearby islands formed by rising sea levels Y) Two species of ground squirrels separated by a large canyon formed by an earthquake Z) Two species of fish moving back and forth across a tropical reef system

W: W) Two species of wolves living on either side of a now-underwater isthmus

X: X) Two bird species living on nearby islands formed by rising sea levels

Y: Y) Two species of ground squirrels separated by a large canyon formed by an earthquake

Z: Z) Two species of fish moving back and forth across a tropical reef system

Answer: Z) Z) Two species of fish moving back and forth across a tropical reef system

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Pulsars were first discovered from observations in what region of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Acceptable Answers:

  • RADIO

BONUS ess multiselect

Identify all of the following three types of solar activity that are associated with the photosphere: 1) Sunspots; 2) Flares; 3) CMEs.

Choices:

  • Sunspots
  • Flares
  • CMEs

Correct Answers:

  • 1

TOSS-UP math phrase

A car travels 350 miles in 9 hours. To the nearest mile per hour, over the nine-hour period, what is the average speed of the car?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 39

BONUS math phrase

A flower bed is formed in the shape of a 120-degree sector of a circle of radius 10 feet. To the nearest foot, what is the perimeter of the flower bed?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 41