MS Sample Set 13, Round 11 from NSB
What is the term for a failed star that has a minimum mass of approximately 12 Jupiter-masses?
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The Maunder Minimum refers to a period of time during which very few of what features were observed?
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A number is 12 more than 4 times the number. What is the number?
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Two cards are drawn at random without replacement from a standard deck. What is the probability that they share the same color or the same face value?
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What type of plant ground tissue primarily consists of cells with thick, strong cell walls that are dead at maturity?
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In grasshoppers, air enters and leaves their bodies through small openings on the side of their bodies called what?
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Biologists at Oak Ridge National Lab were the first to identify and culture a novel oral pathogen *Desulfobulbus oralis*. In what domain of life is this Gram-negative organism found?
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Scientists at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory are trying to prevent corrosion in the next generation of instruments concentrating solar power, which require the use of high temperature fluids like molten salts. Which of the following is the purpose of these high temperature fluids? W) Heat thermoelectric materials X) Cool down the solar cells Y) Boil water to steam Z) Heat residential buildings
W: W) Heat thermoelectric materials
X: X) Cool down the solar cells
Y: Y) Boil water to steam
Z: Z) Heat residential buildings
Answer: Y) Y) Boil water to steam
What is the main component of gas bubbles in boiling water?
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Which of the following pairs of types of solids and their properties is NOT correctly matched? W) Ionic solid, brittle X) Metallic solid, malleable Y) Network covalent solid, malleable Z) Molecular covalent solid, soft
W: W) Ionic solid, brittle
X: X) Metallic solid, malleable
Y: Y) Network covalent solid, malleable
Z: Z) Molecular covalent solid, soft
Answer: Y) Y) Network covalent solid, malleable
Tobacco is highly addictive because it contains what acetylcholine-mimicking compound?
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In the fight-or-flight response, there is a release of what neurotransmitter that is directly synthesized from dopamine?
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Which of the following mass movement events occurs when rock layers fall down-slope along weak bedding planes? W) Rockfall X) Rockslide Y) Rock avalanche Z) Earthflow
W: W) Rockfall
X: X) Rockslide
Y: Y) Rock avalanche
Z: Z) Earthflow
Answer: X) X) Rockslide
What is the chemical formula for the mineral fluorite?
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Identify all of the following 3 types of numbers that both 5/13 and 1/8 are: 1) Rational; 2) Irrational; 3) Real.
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79 teams play in a single-elimination tournament; that is, each game is played by two teams, and the losing team is eliminated. Some teams have byes in the first round and don’t have to play, but, after the first round, each remaining team plays every round until they are eliminated. How many games are played in the first round?
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What law of circuits states that the current drawn in a circuit is equal to the voltage divided by the resistance?
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Identify all of the following three quantities that are always constant for an object as it undergoes free-fall near the Earth’s surface: 1) Velocity; 2) Acceleration; 3) Force.
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Scientists at Argonne National Lab are studying the secondary metabolites of *Streptococcus*, a bacterium with a large amount of peptidoglycan in its cell wall. In a classical Gram stain, what color would this bacterium be stained?
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Scientists at Idaho National Lab have developed a new method to recycle rare metals present in electronics. Their method involves using an electric current to reduce the precious metals and reform them at the cathode. What is this general process of metal refining called?
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What is the equation of the axis of symmetry for the graph of $$y = x^2 - 10x - 24$$? W) $x = -12$ X) $x = -5$ Y) $x = 5$ Z) $x = 12$
W: W) $x = -12$
X: X) $x = -5$
Y: Y) $x = 5$
Z: Z) $x = 12$
Answer: Y) Y) $x = 5$
A regular polygon with 24 sides has exterior angles of what degree measure?
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What is the primary mode of energy transport near the Sun’s core?
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Giving your answer to the nearest day, how many days after a new moon is a third quarter moon?
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Cyanobacteria and plants are able to move directionally in response to light sources through photoreceptor-modulated signal cascades. What is the name for this motion?
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In the Cnidarian life cycle, what is the term for the stage in which the organism remains attached to a surface and does not swim around?
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Two triangles have identical corresponding angle measures. The larger triangle has sides of lengths 6, 8, and 10. The smaller triangle has smallest side of length 5. What is the perimeter of the smaller triangle?
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Given the linear function $f(x) = -5x + b$, where $b$ is a real number, if $f(2) = 13$, what is $f(7)$?
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Red tides are a type of algal bloom associated with what group of organisms?
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In which of the following organs would one find the greatest amount of keratin proteins? W) Heart X) Skin Y) Stomach Z) Lung
W: W) Heart
X: X) Skin
Y: Y) Stomach
Z: Z) Lung
Answer: X) X) Skin
What is the term for molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas?
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Rank the following three substances in terms of increasing total mass: 1) Twelve moles of hydrogen atoms; 2) One mole of iron atoms; 3) Three moles of carbon atoms.
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Scientists at Savannah River National Lab are studying new ways of separating and storing tritium gas. Which of the following correctly describes the constituent particles in a nucleus of tritium? W) One proton and one neutron X) One proton and two neutrons Y) Two protons and one neutron Z) Two protons and three neutrons
W: W) One proton and one neutron
X: X) One proton and two neutrons
Y: Y) Two protons and one neutron
Z: Z) Two protons and three neutrons
Answer: X) X) One proton and two neutrons
Researchers at Ames Lab are using the Mössbauer effect to study metals. In this effect, a nucleus absorbs what particle without experiencing any recoil?
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Which of the following molecules contributes the most to the absorption of UV light in the stratosphere? W) Carbon dioxide X) Water vapor Y) Methane Z) Ozone
W: W) Carbon dioxide
X: X) Water vapor
Y: Y) Methane
Z: Z) Ozone
Answer: Z) Z) Ozone
What silicate group is first to crystallize from a cooling magma? W) Inosilicates X) Cyclosilicates Y) Phyllosilicates Z) Nesosilicates
W: W) Inosilicates
X: X) Cyclosilicates
Y: Y) Phyllosilicates
Z: Z) Nesosilicates
Answer: Z) Z) Nesosilicates
If $f(x) = x + 4$ and $g(x) = 2x - 3$, what is $f(g(5))$?
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What is the median of the first 10 cubes of positive integers?
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Which of the following reactions is endothermic? W) Chlorine gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form hydrogen chloride gas X) Liquid water vaporizes to yield steam Y) Sodium metal reacts with water to yield sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas Z) Liquid water freezes to yield solid ice
W: W) Chlorine gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form hydrogen chloride gas
X: X) Liquid water vaporizes to yield steam
Y: Y) Sodium metal reacts with water to yield sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
Z: Z) Liquid water freezes to yield solid ice
Answer: X) X) Liquid water vaporizes to yield steam
A student is performing an electroplating experiment in which he places two nickel electrodes in a solution of copper sulfate and connects the electrodes to a battery. He notes that the electroplating only occurs on one of the electrodes, while the other electrode remains pure nickel. Which of the following would cause the other electrode to participate in the plating instead? W) Changing the nickel to a metal with a higher reduction potential X) Changing the nickel to a metal with a lower reduction potential Y) Waiting until the entirety of the first electrode has been plated Z) Switching the terminals of the battery to which the electrodes are connected
W: W) Changing the nickel to a metal with a higher reduction potential
X: X) Changing the nickel to a metal with a lower reduction potential
Y: Y) Waiting until the entirety of the first electrode has been plated
Z: Z) Switching the terminals of the battery to which the electrodes are connected
Answer: Z) Z) Switching the terminals of the battery to which the electrodes are connected
In certain adverse conditions, a bacterium will form an internal structure around its DNA that enables it to remain dormant for years while waiting for the environment to become more favorable. What is the term for this structure?
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What blood type is considered to be the universal receiver?
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What is the term for the region around a star in which orbiting planets can sustain liquid water, and therefore, potentially life?
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What planet in our solar system has an axial tilt closest in degree measure to that of Earth?
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A proton is being repelled by a certain charged particle that is a distance $D$ away from it. If the proton is moved to distance $2D$, by what factor is the force on the proton multiplied?
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Two charges each have their magnitudes tripled, and the distance separating them is doubled. By what factor is the magnitude of the electric force between them multiplied?
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