HS Sample Set 2, Round 5 from NSB
The cell wall of a diatom is primarily composed of which of the following? W) Silicon dioxide X) Calcium carbonate Y) Magnesium carbonate Z) Cellulose
W: W) Silicon dioxide
X: X) Calcium carbonate
Y: Y) Magnesium carbonate
Z: Z) Cellulose
Answer: W) W) Silicon dioxide
Arrange the following four choices from proximal to distal of the trachea: 1) bronchiole; 2) alveolar sac; 3) primary bronchus; 4) alveolar duct.
Choices:
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Which of the following conjugate acid-base pairs will NOT function as a buffer? W) HNO₃ and NO₃⁻ X) NH₃ and NH₄⁺ Y) CH₃COOH and CH₃COO⁻ Z) HF and F⁻
W: W) HNO₃ and NO₃⁻
X: X) NH₃ and NH₄⁺
Y: Y) CH₃COOH and CH₃COO⁻
Z: Z) HF and F⁻
Answer: W) W) HNO₃ and NO₃⁻
Giving your answers to the nearest integers, identify the pressure in atmospheres of a gas that starts at 1 atm and 23 °C at each of the following three temperatures: 1) 52 °C; 2) 317 °C; 3) 2700 °C.
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Which of the following is equivalent to 25^(log₅8)? W) 8 X) 16 Y) 64 Z) 128
W: W) 8
X: X) 16
Y: Y) 64
Z: Z) 128
Answer: Y) Y) 64
Suppose 2½ woodchucks can chuck 1¼ cords of wood in 1⅕ hours; how many cords of wood can 1 woodchuck chuck in 1 hour?
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A block floats at rest with 1/3 of its total volume below the surface of the water. The block is pushed down until it is completely submerged. Which of the following is the magnitude of the net force on the block when it is released? W) Half of the block’s weight X) Equal to the block’s weight Y) Twice the block’s weight Z) Three times the block’s weight
W: W) Half of the block’s weight
X: X) Equal to the block’s weight
Y: Y) Twice the block’s weight
Z: Z) Three times the block’s weight
Answer: Y) Y) Twice the block’s weight
A 2 kg box is pushed forward with a 10 N force while it experiences a 5 N kinetic friction force opposite the motion. To the nearest meter, how far has the box moved after 3 seconds?
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After the Mount St. Helens volcanic eruption, what type of mudflow resulted from glacial melting and caused extensive damage?
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Which of the following volcanoes erupted the most sulfuric acid into the atmosphere? W) Mount St. Helens X) Pinatubo Y) Tambora Z) Toba
W: W) Mount St. Helens
X: X) Pinatubo
Y: Y) Tambora
Z: Z) Toba
Answer: Z) Z) Toba
In which of the following sets of three states is most U.S. oil shale located? W) Utah, Montana, and Idaho X) Colorado, Nevada, and New Mexico Y) Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming Z) Montana, Colorado, and Utah
W: W) Utah, Montana, and Idaho
X: X) Colorado, Nevada, and New Mexico
Y: Y) Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming
Z: Z) Montana, Colorado, and Utah
Answer: Y) Y) Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming
If a million people leave their cell phone chargers plugged in unnecessarily for 16 hours per day and each charger consumes 1 W when not in use, how many kilowatt-hours are consumed per year while the chargers are plugged in but not charging? (Nearest million)
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Which of the following methods of fish harvesting is most damaging to benthic habitats? W) Purse-seining X) Long-lining Y) Drift-net fishing Z) Bottom trawling
W: W) Purse-seining
X: X) Long-lining
Y: Y) Drift-net fishing
Z: Z) Bottom trawling
Answer: Z) Z) Bottom trawling
Long bristles are found around the bills of insectivorous birds. How might these bristles help birds when they catch prey? W) Improve aerial balance X) Protect the bird’s nares from an insect’s legs Y) Function only for attracting a mate Z) Act as nets, catching insects that the bird misses with its bill
W: W) Improve aerial balance
X: X) Protect the bird’s nares from an insect’s legs
Y: Y) Function only for attracting a mate
Z: Z) Act as nets, catching insects that the bird misses with its bill
Answer: Z) Z) Act as nets, catching insects that the bird misses with its bill
Which of the following elements is a metalloid? W) Copper X) Magnesium Y) Silicon Z) Sulfur
W: W) Copper
X: X) Magnesium
Y: Y) Silicon
Z: Z) Sulfur
Answer: Y) Y) Silicon
Assuming that the transition of an electron in the hydrogen atom from the fourth to the second energy level is two electronvolts, how many electronvolts is the transition between the first and third energy levels? (Nearest tenth)
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A room contains 2000 gnats at 12:00 noon and the number of gnats doubles every 6 minutes. The room is filled with gnats at 1:00 p.m. To the nearest minute, at what time was the room one-fourth full?
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If the position of a moving object in meters is given by $$s(t)=4t^3-6\ln(t),$$ what is its velocity in meters per second at \(t=3\) seconds?
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A skydiver is falling at a speed slightly less than terminal velocity. Which of the following statements about the magnitude of the forces on the skydiver is true? W) The air resistance is less than the weight, and the net force is down X) The air resistance is equal to the weight, and the net force is zero Y) The air resistance is equal to the weight, and the net force is down Z) The air resistance is greater than the weight, and the net force is down
W: W) The air resistance is less than the weight, and the net force is down
X: X) The air resistance is equal to the weight, and the net force is zero
Y: Y) The air resistance is equal to the weight, and the net force is down
Z: Z) The air resistance is greater than the weight, and the net force is down
Answer: W) W) The air resistance is less than the weight, and the net force is down
A laser beam moves from inside a glass block (n=1.4) to a vacuum. Which angle best represents the critical angle where total internal reflection begins? W) 30° X) 45° Y) 60° Z) 135°
W: W) 30°
X: X) 45°
Y: Y) 60°
Z: Z) 135°
Answer: X) X) 45°
Which of the Galilean moons experiences the strongest tidal forces?
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Which of the following mountain ranges exhibits basin and range topography? W) Cascade Mountains X) Rocky Mountains Y) Appalachian Mountains Z) Wasatch Mountains
W: W) Cascade Mountains
X: X) Rocky Mountains
Y: Y) Appalachian Mountains
Z: Z) Wasatch Mountains
Answer: Z) Z) Wasatch Mountains
Which of the following organisms would be described as demersal? W) Anchovy X) Flounder Y) Tuna Z) Sailfish
W: W) Anchovy
X: X) Flounder
Y: Y) Tuna
Z: Z) Sailfish
Answer: X) X) Flounder
Different species of hummingbirds have bills that vary to match flower structure. Which evolutionary scenario best explains this diversity? W) Coevolution of flowers and hummingbirds, leading to specialization X) Random mutation of plants, then hummingbird adaptation Y) Evolutionary race where flowers become extreme to prevent feeding Z) Opportunistic feeding regardless of flower shape
W: W) Coevolution of flowers and hummingbirds, leading to specialization
X: X) Random mutation of plants, then hummingbird adaptation
Y: Y) Evolutionary race where flowers become extreme to prevent feeding
Z: Z) Opportunistic feeding regardless of flower shape
Answer: W) W) Coevolution of flowers and hummingbirds, leading to specialization
According to the VSEPR model, what is the molecular geometry of carbon dioxide?
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Identify, respectively, the VSEPR shapes of: 1) sulfur dioxide; 2) phosphorus pentachloride; 3) ammonia; 4) boron trichloride.
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If \(f(x)\) is odd and \(\displaystyle\int_{0}^{4}f(x)\,dx=6\), what is \(\displaystyle\int_{-4}^{4}f(x)\,dx\)?
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Find the length, to the nearest tenth of a centimeter, of the arc of a circle with radius 6 cm intercepted by a central angle of 15°.
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A student of mass 50 kg (weight 500 N) is at the top of a roller coaster loop. The normal force on the student is 100 N downward. What is the magnitude of the student’s acceleration at the top of the loop?
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A pendulum with a 2 s period on Earth is moved to another planet where its period is 4 s. If \(g_{\text{Earth}}=10\,\mathrm{m/s}^2\), what is \(g\) on the new planet? (Two significant figures)
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Which of the following statements about groundwater is NOT true? W) Precipitation becomes groundwater after falling to the ground and seeping into aquifers X) Groundwater occurs almost everywhere beneath the land surface Y) Groundwater flows mainly in underground rivers Z) Groundwater is naturally pure and usually remains undisturbed for years before use
W: W) Precipitation becomes groundwater after falling to the ground and seeping into aquifers
X: X) Groundwater occurs almost everywhere beneath the land surface
Y: Y) Groundwater flows mainly in underground rivers
Z: Z) Groundwater is naturally pure and usually remains undisturbed for years before use
Answer: Y) Y) Groundwater flows mainly in underground rivers
What mineral commonly comprises green sand beaches forming in volcanic areas?
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Who is generally credited with defining the term horsepower? W) Thomas Edison X) James Watt Y) Michael Faraday Z) Samuel Clinton
W: W) Thomas Edison
X: X) James Watt
Y: Y) Michael Faraday
Z: Z) Samuel Clinton
Answer: X) X) James Watt
The half-life of radium is 1600 years. What fraction of the original quantity has decayed after 9600 years?
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Which of the following invertebrate groups has the most complex nervous system? W) Crustaceans X) Cephalopods Y) Scyphozoans Z) Segmented worms
W: W) Crustaceans
X: X) Cephalopods
Y: Y) Scyphozoans
Z: Z) Segmented worms
Answer: X) X) Cephalopods
Compared to the Antarctic region, the Arctic region has which of the following? W) Fewer endemic species X) Fewer terrestrial mammal species Y) Less seasonality in pack ice Z) More flightless birds
W: W) Fewer endemic species
X: X) Fewer terrestrial mammal species
Y: Y) Less seasonality in pack ice
Z: Z) More flightless birds
Answer: Y) Y) Less seasonality in pack ice
Which of the following is NOT a colligative property? W) Solubility X) Freezing point depression Y) Boiling point elevation Z) Osmotic pressure
W: W) Solubility
X: X) Freezing point depression
Y: Y) Boiling point elevation
Z: Z) Osmotic pressure
Answer: W) W) Solubility
In the following three ions, what are the highest energy sublevels that contain electrons: 1) Fe²⁺; 2) Sn⁴⁺; 3) P³⁻?
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How many unique 5-letter arrangements are possible from the letters in the word PAPER?
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What is the slope of the tangent line to the curve \(y=\sqrt{x^2-3x}\) at the point (4, 2)?
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You stand 2 m from a point source of sound. Ignoring reflections, by what factor is the intensity multiplied if you move to 3 m from the source?
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A wave pulse travels along a string at 20 m/s. If the tension is 100 N, what is the linear density of the string in kg/m?
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As corals grow and expand, reefs take on one of three major characteristic structures. Name all three.
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Imagine that you’ve just spent a long hot day at the beach. As night falls, you get chilled by the air but the water remains warm. Which property of water best explains this?
Choices:
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Which of the following is the typical electrical efficiency of a large energy-efficient electric motor? W) 74% X) 89% Y) 94% Z) 99%
W: W) 74%
X: X) 89%
Y: Y) 94%
Z: Z) 99%
Answer: Y) Y) 94%
Which of the following has the most kinetic energy? W) A 1 kg mass moving at 10 m/s X) A 2 kg mass moving at 7 m/s Y) A 0.5 kg mass moving at 14 m/s Z) A 0.25 kg mass moving at 18 m/s
W: W) A 1 kg mass moving at 10 m/s
X: X) A 2 kg mass moving at 7 m/s
Y: Y) A 0.5 kg mass moving at 14 m/s
Z: Z) A 0.25 kg mass moving at 18 m/s
Answer: W) W) A 1 kg mass moving at 10 m/s
If the two alleles for color sensitivity are Xᵇ = color-blind and Xᴮ = color-sensitive, which genotype corresponds to a color-blind individual? W) XᴮXᵇ X) XᴮXᴮ Y) XᵇY Z) XᴮY
W: W) XᴮXᵇ
X: X) XᴮXᴮ
Y: Y) XᵇY
Z: Z) XᴮY
Answer: Y) Y) XᵇY
Which of the following groups consists only of organisms incapable of photosynthesizing without the aid of symbiotic organisms? W) Dinoflagellates X) Radiolarians Y) Diatoms Z) Bacteria
W: W) Dinoflagellates
X: X) Radiolarians
Y: Y) Diatoms
Z: Z) Bacteria
Answer: X) X) Radiolarians
The energy of a photon is directly proportional to which of the following properties? W) Intensity X) Frequency Y) Polarity Z) Wavelength
W: W) Intensity
X: X) Frequency
Y: Y) Polarity
Z: Z) Wavelength
Answer: X) X) Frequency
At extremely high temperatures and pressures, N₂ and O₂ react to produce NO₂. If the reaction volume is doubled at constant temperature, what happens? W) No effect X) The reaction shifts to the left Y) The reaction shifts to the right Z) The equilibrium constant doubles
W: W) No effect
X: X) The reaction shifts to the left
Y: Y) The reaction shifts to the right
Z: Z) The equilibrium constant doubles
Answer: X) X) The reaction shifts to the left