MS Sample Set 13, Round 4 from NSB
Discovered in the early 1600s, the four Galilean moons orbit what planet?
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Which of the following types of stars is expected to last for the longest time in its current stage of stellar evolution? W) Red giant X) Blue supergiant Y) Yellow dwarf Z) Red dwarf
W: W) Red giant
X: X) Blue supergiant
Y: Y) Yellow dwarf
Z: Z) Red dwarf
Answer: Z) Z) Red dwarf
In humans, olfactory receptors are primarily located in which of the following locations? W) Mouth X) Lungs Y) Nose Z) Ears
W: W) Mouth
X: X) Lungs
Y: Y) Nose
Z: Z) Ears
Answer: Y) Y) Nose
What is the term for the process by which bacteria divide into two cells?
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What is the chemical symbol for the element chlorine?
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Identify all of the following four quantities that are conserved during the electrolysis of water:
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Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Lab used energetic X-rays to punch electrons out of water molecules. The water goes through a phase transition from liquid to an electrically charged gas, also known as what?
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Geochemists at Pacific Northwest National Lab are studying the mixing between groundwater and river water. This phenomenon can only occur when what specific level, the upper surface of the zone of saturation, is at the surface of a river bed?
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What is the greatest integer less than or equal to $$\lfloor \log_5(1234)\rfloor$$?
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Solve the following equation for \(x\): $$x^2 + 6x - 216 = 0$$.
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Chalcopyrite is the primary ore of what element commonly used to produce wire?
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Identify all of the following three rock types that typically contain clay minerals:
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What hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to increased levels of blood sugar?
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In a plant’s root tip, what type of cell division would one expect to be nearly constantly occurring?
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Scientists at Argonne National Lab are building 3D structures of proteins associated with infectious diseases. What technique do they use with the Advanced Photon Source to determine these crystal structures?
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Scientists at Brookhaven National Lab are studying the structure of the replisome within the cell’s nucleus. The replisome forms in order to synthesize what molecule?
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What is the name for the spherical region around a black hole past which no information can be transmitted to an outside observer?
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In which of the following parts of the Milky Way is the solar system located? W) Core X) Spiral arm Y) Between spiral arms Z) Galactic halo
W: W) Core
X: X) Spiral arm
Y: Y) Between spiral arms
Z: Z) Galactic halo
Answer: X) X) Spiral arm
What is the term for an object’s tendency to resist changes in its motion?
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A recipe calls for 5 cups of flour. A baker measures and adds a quantity of flour to a mixing bowl 5 times. Afterward, the quantity of flour in the bowl is measured and determined to be 5 cups. If the same thing happens on repeated attempts to make the recipe, which of the following is a correct description of the baker’s measurements? W) Neither accurate nor precise X) Accurate, but not precise Y) Precise, but not accurate Z) Both accurate and precise
W: W) Neither accurate nor precise
X: X) Accurate, but not precise
Y: Y) Precise, but not accurate
Z: Z) Both accurate and precise
Answer: Z) Z) Both accurate and precise
Simplify the following expression: $$10 - 2 \times 3$$
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Mary decorates cookies at a rate of 20 per hour and John decorates them at a rate of 15 per hour. If John has a two-hour head start and they both then work continuously, after how many hours from the time she starts will Mary have decorated the same number of cookies as John?
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Scientists at Fermi National Accelerator Lab have been developing a next-generation lens to replace octupole magnets that are used to focus proton beams in particle accelerators. These magnets are a circular arrangement of how many magnets?
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Scientists at Idaho National Lab have developed a new method to refine biodiesel. The solvent in this method is composed of a high-pressure phase of what molecule in which carbon is in its +4 oxidation state?
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Given that the chemical formula of glucose is C$_6$H$_{12}$O$_6$, what is its empirical formula?
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At STP, how much volume, in liters, does 4 moles of an ideal gas occupy?
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A certain cell’s primary responsibility is to produce a hormone for the rest of the body. To what organ system does this cell most likely belong?
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What type of ecological succession typically happens after a forest fire?
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The Modified Mercalli scale is used to measure the intensity of what?
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How many high tides and how many low tides occur at a location with a semidiurnal tidal pattern each lunar day?
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Julie brings 24 candy bars to class and divides them so that each of her classmates receives an equal share of $$\tfrac{3}{4}$$ of a bar. How many classmates does Julie have?
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What is the least common multiple of 14, 15, and 18?
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Your friend rubs a balloon on your head and your hair sticks to the balloon due to static electricity. This occurs because which of the following particles has been exchanged between your hair and the balloon? W) Electrons X) Protons Y) Neutrons Z) Quarks
W: W) Electrons
X: X) Protons
Y: Y) Neutrons
Z: Z) Quarks
Answer: W) W) Electrons
A particle is moving with a horizontal velocity of 12 meters per second and a vertical velocity of \(-5\) meters per second. In meters per second, what is its speed?
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A small subset of a population of organisms might migrate to another location, resulting in their descendants having different allele frequencies than the larger population from which the migrants came. What is the term for this effect?
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You measure someone’s pulse for 10 seconds and feel 15 beats. What is the person’s heart rate as measured in beats per minute?
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A triangle has two angles measuring 32° and 77°, respectively. What is the degree measure of the third angle?
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Your electric car has a range of 310 miles on a full battery. If you start driving with 18% of your battery drained, to the nearest mile, how far can you drive before the battery dies?
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For a standing wave, what is the term for points of maximum displacement?
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To two significant figures and in amperes, how much current will a 100-watt light bulb draw from a 120-volt power supply?
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What theory is the most accepted scientific viewpoint regarding the origin of the universe from an infinitely dense and hot point?
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While observing a total solar eclipse, in what part of the eclipse shadow do you observe this event?
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What type of fossil, due to its wide geographic distribution and short period of existence, is used by scientists to compare the relative age of other fossils?
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What group of pathogens possesses nucleic acids but not ribosomes?
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What is the multiplicative inverse of $$-\tfrac{11}{5}$$?
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From the Earth, you measure a change in the Moon’s position of 18° over two hours. Assuming the Moon is 380,000 kilometers away from the Earth, and rounding your answer to the nearest ten thousand, how many kilometers does it seem that the Moon has moved during your observation?
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