HS Sample Set 12, Round 5 from NSB
The tangent of \(\pi + \theta\) is equal to which of the following? W) Tangent theta X) Negative tangent theta Y) Cotangent theta Z) Negative cosecant theta
W: W) Tangent theta
X: X) Negative tangent theta
Y: Y) Cotangent theta
Z: Z) Negative cosecant theta
Answer: W) W) Tangent theta
Special water for a 650-liter aquarium is only sold in 42-liter containers. What is the minimum number of these 42-liter containers you would need to buy to be able to completely fill the tank?
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What is the term for infections or diseases that are naturally transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans?
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Identify all of the following three plants that associate parasitically with other plants: 1) Vanilla; 2) Mistletoe; 3) Venus flytrap.
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Which of the following is NOT among the criteria that define a substance as a mineral? W) Specific chemical composition X) Specific crystal structure Y) Specific melting point Z) Naturally-occurring
W: W) Specific chemical composition
X: X) Specific crystal structure
Y: Y) Specific melting point
Z: Z) Naturally-occurring
Answer: Y) Y) Specific melting point
Identify all of the following three statements that are true about the positions of American cities relative to tectonic plates: 1) San Francisco is located on the North American Plate; 2) Los Angeles is located on the Pacific Plate; 3) Seattle is located on the Pacific Plate.
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The conversion of carbon-14 into nitrogen-14 is an example of what type of radioactive decay?
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A construction worker accidentally drops a hammer off the roof of a building. If it takes 4 seconds for the hammer to hit the ground, then, how tall, to the nearest meter, is the building?
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In which of the following compounds is the oxidation state of oxygen equal to zero? W) CuO X) H₂O Y) O₂ Z) H₃PO₄
W: W) CuO
X: X) H₂O
Y: Y) O₂
Z: Z) H₃PO₄
Answer: Y) Y) O₂
A chemist adds ethylenediamine, methylamine, and EDTA to an aqueous solution of cadmium(II). Which of the following ligands will form the most stable complex in this solution? W) Water X) Ethylenediamine Y) Methylamine Z) EDTA
W: W) Water
X: X) Ethylenediamine
Y: Y) Methylamine
Z: Z) EDTA
Answer: Z) Z) EDTA
Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab recently studied the effect of variation in genes regulating genomic integrity in a myriad of cancers. What specific complex of proteins, to which spindle fibers attach during mitosis, was coded for by many of these genes?
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Jefferson Lab researchers are performing experimental tests to better understand the effects of virtual quark/anti-quark pairs inside the proton. What second-generation quark, the third lightest of all quarks, is the most likely to be found as a virtual pair in the proton?
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When used as adjectives, Fresnel and Fraunhofer are examples of what property of waves that results in them bending around obstacles?
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What quark, discovered in 1995, is the most massive known quark?
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Which of the following is true regarding the graph of \(\displaystyle y = -x^5\) at \(x = -4\)? W) Increasing and concave up X) Increasing and concave down Y) Decreasing and concave up Z) Decreasing and concave down
W: W) Increasing and concave up
X: X) Increasing and concave down
Y: Y) Decreasing and concave up
Z: Z) Decreasing and concave down
Answer: Y) Y) Decreasing and concave up
What are the radius and the coordinates of the center, respectively, of the circle with equation \(\;x^2 + 12x + y^2 - 4y - 81 = 0\)?
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What type of tide occurs when the Moon is at first or third quarter?
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A moon with a small mass is orbiting a large planet of unknown mass with an orbital period of \(10^5\) seconds and a semimajor axis of \(10^8\) meters. Which of the following values is closest to the mass, in kilograms, of the planet? W) \(6\times10^{15}\) X) \(6\times10^{20}\) Y) \(6\times10^{25}\) Z) \(6\times10^{30}\)
W: W) \(6\times10^{15}\)
X: X) \(6\times10^{20}\)
Y: Y) \(6\times10^{25}\)
Z: Z) \(6\times10^{30}\)
Answer: Y) Y) \(6\times10^{25}\)
In the uranium fuel cycle, mined ore is milled and uranium is precipitated using solvent extraction or trituration. The precipitate is formed into bricks known as what?
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Identify all of the following three statements that are true of the Dark Energy Camera: 1) It uses charge-coupled devices to detect light; 2) It is better at detecting red and near-infrared light than violet and ultraviolet light; 3) It is part of an interferometer.
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Identify all of the following three acids that are polyprotic: 1) Phosphorous acid; 2) Hydroiodic acid; 3) Selenic acid.
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Consider the dehydration of isopropanol by sulfuric acid to form propene. What is the mechanism of this reaction?
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What structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes prevent their degradation?
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In DNA replication, which of the following components is necessary for the synthesis of the lagging strand but not the leading strand? W) Helicase X) Ligase Y) Primase Z) Single-strand binding proteins
W: W) Helicase
X: X) Ligase
Y: Y) Primase
Z: Z) Single-strand binding proteins
Answer: X) X) Ligase
What is the thermodynamic efficiency of a Carnot engine whose hot source is at 2000 K and whose cold sink is at 250 K?
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An earthquake occurs, causing a tsunami. A satellite observes that the distance between wave peaks is 540 km and the waves are hitting the shore once per hour. What is the speed, in meters per second, of these waves?
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The molecular mass of atomic oxygen is expressed as 15.9994 ± 0.0003. Which of the following best explains the source of the error? W) Human error from measurement to measurement X) Lack of precision in ultra-low weighing techniques Y) Minute differences in measurement equipment used by different research groups Z) Isotopic variation in different samples of oxygen
W: W) Human error from measurement to measurement
X: X) Lack of precision in ultra-low weighing techniques
Y: Y) Minute differences in measurement equipment used by different research groups
Z: Z) Isotopic variation in different samples of oxygen
Answer: Z) Z) Isotopic variation in different samples of oxygen
Consider the interaction between two rotating dipoles in the gas phase. If the distance between the dipoles is doubled, by what factor is the dipole–dipole potential energy multiplied?
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What layer of the Earth’s interior accounts for the largest percentage of the Earth's total mass?
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At which of the following times, in millions of years ago, was Pangaea intact? W) 240 X) 458 Y) 650 Z) 750
W: W) 240
X: X) 458
Y: Y) 650
Z: Z) 750
Answer: W) W) 240
The neurons found in humans require nourishment from supporting cells known as what?
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In land plants, what is the term for the male gametangia?
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What is the distance between the points (0, 5) and (4, 9)?
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Three coplanar circles with radii of lengths 3, 5, and 7, respectively, have the same center, forming a shape consisting of two annuluses and a circle that are nonoverlapping. What is the ratio of the area of the smaller annulus to that of the larger annulus?
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Gaseous diffusion is currently the most common method used in the United States for the enrichment of uranium. What is the chemical formula of the gaseous uranium compound in this stage?
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Scientists at SLAC are studying how heat and compression result in the formation of different minerals. They have demonstrated their technique in the lab by growing stishovite, which is an extremely dense mineral related to quartz. What is the chemical formula of stishovite?
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The 21-centimeter radio emission line is due to a transition in what element?
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The Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt are due to orbital resonance with what body?
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A reaction has a rate constant with units of liters³·moles⁻³·seconds⁻¹. What is the order of this reaction?
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Identify all of the following three statements that are true about intermolecular forces and phase diagrams: 1) Dinitrogen has a high critical temperature relative to water; 2) Substances with higher vapor pressures have lower boiling points; 3) Substances with stronger intermolecular forces have lower vapor pressures.
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What is the slope of the line with equation \(4x - 7y = 8\)?
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What is the average value of the function \(f(x) = x^2\) over the interval \([-1, 3]\)?
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One common method of cloning DNA is incorporating a small loop of DNA containing the gene of interest into *E. coli*. What is the term for these small loops?
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Insulin is secreted by what structures in the pancreas?
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What set of rules states that for an electron configuration, the term with maximum multiplicity has the lowest energy?
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A beam of light whose wavelength is 600 nm in a vacuum passes into a medium with an index of refraction of four-thirds. To the nearest integer multiple of a thousand kilometers per second, what is the speed of the light in this medium?
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