HS Sample Set 2, Round 1 from NSB

Questions in Packet

TOSS-UP bio phrase

Stomata are pores in leaves that allow gas exchange. What is the name of the structure with this function that is present in twigs, stems, bark, and fruit?

Acceptable Answers:

  • LENTICEL

BONUS bio multiselect

Identify all of the following four choices that are typically K strategist life history characteristics: 1) Type III survivorship curve; 2) density dependent mortality; 3) large body size; 4) rapid embryonic development.

Choices:

  • Type III survivorship curve
  • density dependent mortality
  • large body size
  • rapid embryonic development

Correct Answers:

  • 2
  • 3

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following species would be expected to have the most covalent character? W) Beryllium fluoride X) Magnesium chloride Y) Aluminum oxide Z) Silver bromide

W: W) Beryllium fluoride

X: X) Magnesium chloride

Y: Y) Aluminum oxide

Z: Z) Silver bromide

Answer: W) W) Beryllium fluoride

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Under which of the following sets of conditions would nitrogen gas deviate the MOST from the ideal gas law? W) 500 Kelvin and 50 atmospheres X) 500 Kelvin and 5 atmospheres Y) 150 Kelvin and 50 atmospheres Z) 150 Kelvin and 5 atmospheres

W: W) 500 Kelvin and 50 atmospheres

X: X) 500 Kelvin and 5 atmospheres

Y: Y) 150 Kelvin and 50 atmospheres

Z: Z) 150 Kelvin and 5 atmospheres

Answer: Y) Y) 150 Kelvin and 50 atmospheres

TOSS-UP math phrase

What is the smallest possible sum of a positive number and its reciprocal?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 2

BONUS math phrase

Find the point of intersection of $$2x + 3y = -4$$ and $$5x - y = 7$$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • (1, –2)

TOSS-UP phys multiple_choice

The escape velocity for a 100 kilogram object to leave planet Earth is approximately 11,000 meters per second. Which of the following is the escape velocity in meters per second for a 200 kilogram object to leave Earth? W) 5,500 X) 11,000 Y) 16,500 Z) 22,000

W: W) 5,500

X: X) 11,000

Y: Y) 16,500

Z: Z) 22,000

Answer: X) X) 11,000

BONUS phys phrase

A proton with a charge of $1.6\times10^{-19}\,\mathrm{C}$ is moving with a speed of $2\times10^5\,\mathrm{m/s}$ when it encounters a uniform magnetic field of 2 teslas in a direction perpendicular to the proton’s motion. Providing your answer in scientific notation to two significant figures, what is the magnitude of the force in newtons experienced by the proton?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $6.4\times10^{-14}$

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

In terms of naturally supplied nutrients, which of the following elements is typically least abundant and most limiting to biological productivity in lakes? W) Nitrogen X) Phosphorus Y) Calcium Z) Carbon

W: W) Nitrogen

X: X) Phosphorus

Y: Y) Calcium

Z: Z) Carbon

Answer: X) X) Phosphorus

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following rock types could form from the earthfall material following a mass wasting event? W) Limestone X) Tillite Y) Breccia Z) Schist

W: W) Limestone

X: X) Tillite

Y: Y) Breccia

Z: Z) Schist

Answer: Y) Y) Breccia

TOSS-UP energy phrase

If it takes 900 Btus of fuel to produce a gallon of hot water and you take a 10 minute shower using 2 gallons of hot water per minute, how many Btus of fuel were used in the shower?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 18,000

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Which of the following is closest to the maximum horsepower a healthy person can briefly generate? W) 0.25 X) 0.5 Y) 1 Z) 2

W: W) 0.25

X: X) 0.5

Y: Y) 1

Z: Z) 2

Answer: Y) Y) 1

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following unusual vertebrates was known in the fossil record for over 100 years before a living specimen was discovered? W) Okapi X) Coelacanth Y) Pangolin Z) Seven gilled shark

W: W) Okapi

X: X) Coelacanth

Y: Y) Pangolin

Z: Z) Seven gilled shark

Answer: X) X) Coelacanth

BONUS bio multiselect

While chilling with your favorite tunes, the parasympathetic division of your autonomic nervous system is driving many of your physiological systems. Indicate all of the following four physiological responses that would be unlikely to occur: 1) widely dilated bronchi; 2) stimulated digestive processes; 3) dry mouth; 4) dilated pupils.

Choices:

  • widely dilated bronchi
  • stimulated digestive processes
  • dry mouth
  • dilated pupils

Correct Answers:

  • 1
  • 3
  • 4

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Infrared spectroscopy typically analyzes which of the following? W) Electronic excitement X) Nuclear spins Y) Molecular vibrations Z) Atomic rotation

W: W) Electronic excitement

X: X) Nuclear spins

Y: Y) Molecular vibrations

Z: Z) Atomic rotation

Answer: Y) Y) Molecular vibrations

BONUS chem phrase

What is the oxidation number of the central cobalt atom in $\mathrm{[Co(NH_3)_4Cl_2]^+}$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • +3
  • THREE PLUS

TOSS-UP math phrase

If $$f(t)=3t+1$$, what is $$\lim_{t\to2}f(t)$$?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 7

BONUS math phrase

Find the ratio of $$x$$ to $$y$$ if $$\displaystyle\frac{x - y}{x + y} = \frac{2}{3}$$.

Acceptable Answers:

  • 5 to 1
  • 5

TOSS-UP phys phrase

A planet is found with a mass that is 50 times the mass of Earth and a radius that is 5 times that of the Earth. Providing your answer to the nearest integer, what is the acceleration due to gravity in meters per second squared on this planet, given that the acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s²?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 20

BONUS phys phrase

In the de Broglie equation, Planck’s constant relates which two properties of a particle?

Acceptable Answers:

  • WAVELENGTH AND MOMENTUM
  • FREQUENCY AND ENERGY

TOSS-UP ess phrase

In the early part of the 20th century, the German geologist and meteorologist Alfred Wegener introduced what theory?

Acceptable Answers:

  • CONTINENTAL DRIFT

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Which of the following materials is most commonly associated with schistosity? W) Amphibolite X) Gneiss Y) Schist Z) Slate

W: W) Amphibolite

X: X) Gneiss

Y: Y) Schist

Z: Z) Slate

Answer: W) W) Amphibolite

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

A realized ecological niche includes all but which of the following? W) Resource requirements X) Range of tolerance Y) Geographical location Z) Competitors

W: W) Resource requirements

X: X) Range of tolerance

Y: Y) Geographical location

Z: Z) Competitors

Answer: Y) Y) Geographical location

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following organisms starts out as a free-swimming larva and then undergoes a metamorphosis during which its tail, notochord, and most of its nervous system are reabsorbed? W) Sea squirt X) Arrow worm Y) Eel Z) Hellgrammite

W: W) Sea squirt

X: X) Arrow worm

Y: Y) Eel

Z: Z) Hellgrammite

Answer: W) W) Sea squirt

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Which of the following does NOT have to contain an oxygen atom single-bonded to at least one carbon atom? W) Ether X) Ester Y) Mercaptan Z) Carboxylic acid

W: W) Ether

X: X) Ester

Y: Y) Mercaptan

Z: Z) Carboxylic acid

Answer: Y) Y) Mercaptan

BONUS chem multiple_choice

Which of the following elements is most reactive to water? W) Potassium X) Zinc Y) Palladium Z) Nickel

W: W) Potassium

X: X) Zinc

Y: Y) Palladium

Z: Z) Nickel

Answer: W) W) Potassium

TOSS-UP math phrase

If it takes 12 minutes to cut a log into 4 pieces, how many minutes will it take to cut a log into 3 pieces?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 8

BONUS math phrase

In simplest form, find the radius of a semi-circle in which is inscribed a square of side 4 units.

Acceptable Answers:

  • $2\sqrt{5}$

TOSS-UP phys phrase

A 10 kilogram object falls to the surface of a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 6.5 m/s². If the object is falling at terminal velocity, what is the drag force on the object in newtons?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 65

BONUS phys phrase

A 2000 kilogram car moves with a steady speed of 10 m/s up a hill that is inclined 10° above the horizontal. Describe the magnitude and direction of the net force on the car after 10 seconds.

Acceptable Answers:

  • THERE IS NO NET FORCE

TOSS-UP ess phrase

Give the name of the depressions that are the result of a violent volcanic eruption and within which lakes often form.

Acceptable Answers:

  • CALDERAS

BONUS ess multiple_choice

Where in the interstellar medium are stars believed to form? W) Giant molecular clouds X) Warm-hot interstellar medium Y) H I regions Z) H II regions

W: W) Giant molecular clouds

X: X) Warm-hot interstellar medium

Y: Y) H I regions

Z: Z) H II regions

Answer: W) W) Giant molecular clouds

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Chlorophyll undergoes which of the following types of reaction when it is activated by light? W) Reduction X) Oxidation Y) Hydrolysis Z) Phosphorylation

W: W) Reduction

X: X) Oxidation

Y: Y) Hydrolysis

Z: Z) Phosphorylation

Answer: X) X) Oxidation

BONUS energy multiple_choice

Approximately how many pounds of coal are required to light a 100 watt light bulb for one year? W) 325 X) 450 Y) 575 Z) 700

W: W) 325

X: X) 450

Y: Y) 575

Z: Z) 700

Answer: Z) Z) 700

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

The development of a streamlined body in a variety of fast swimming animals, including penguins, sharks, and dolphins, is a good example of which of the following evolutionary concepts? W) Coevolution X) Divergent evolution Y) Convergent evolution Z) Founder’s effect

W: W) Coevolution

X: X) Divergent evolution

Y: Y) Convergent evolution

Z: Z) Founder’s effect

Answer: Y) Y) Convergent evolution

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Access to desert aquifers has provided a positive feedback stimulus to all but which of the following? W) Human population X) Cattle population Y) Kangaroo rat population Z) Commercial agriculture

W: W) Human population

X: X) Cattle population

Y: Y) Kangaroo rat population

Z: Z) Commercial agriculture

Answer: Y) Y) Kangaroo rat population

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

A student is titrating an unknown acid with 0.100 M sodium hydroxide. At the end of the experiment, the student calculates the concentration of the acid to be 1.1% higher than the actual value. Which of the following sources of possible experimental error most likely contributed to this final error? W) Not zeroing the balance X) Adding 2 drops of indicator instead of the procedure-stated 3 drops Y) Not reading from the bottom of the meniscus when reading the burette Z) Leaving some water in the receiving Erlenmeyer flask before adding the acid

W: W) Not zeroing the balance

X: X) Adding 2 drops of indicator instead of the procedure-stated 3 drops

Y: Y) Not reading from the bottom of the meniscus when reading the burette

Z: Z) Leaving some water in the receiving Erlenmeyer flask before adding the acid

Answer: Z) Z) Leaving some water in the receiving Erlenmeyer flask before adding the acid

BONUS chem order

Place the following four molecules in order from strongest to weakest ionic bonding: 1) calcium oxide; 2) cesium iodide; 3) potassium chloride; 4) lithium fluoride.

Choices:

  • calcium oxide
  • cesium iodide
  • potassium chloride
  • lithium fluoride

Correct Order:

  • 1
  • 4
  • 3
  • 2

TOSS-UP math multiple_choice

Which of the following represents the degree measure of the angle between the circle and the chord for an arc of measure 90°? W) 45° X) 90° Y) 135° Z) 180°

W: W) 45°

X: X) 90°

Y: Y) 135°

Z: Z) 180°

Answer: W) W) 45°

BONUS math phrase

Savannah travels 5 miles in a direction north $30^\circ$ east and then 7 miles in a direction south $60^\circ$ east. In simplest form, how many miles is she from her starting point?

Acceptable Answers:

  • $\sqrt{74}$

TOSS-UP phys phrase

A 5 kilogram ball is thrown at a wall with a speed of 10 m/s. If the ball rebounds with a speed of 7 m/s, what was the magnitude of the impulse that the ball experienced in kilogram·meters per second?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 85

BONUS phys multiple_choice

An airplane is scheduled to travel to a city that is 100 miles due north of the departure city. If there is a wind that blows from east to west at a steady rate of 100 mph, and the plane travels at a speed of 200 mph in still air, then which of the following directions should the plane be directed? W) $30^\circ$ north of east X) $60^\circ$ north of east Y) $30^\circ$ north of west Z) $60^\circ$ north of west

W: W) $30^\circ$ north of east

X: X) $60^\circ$ north of east

Y: Y) $30^\circ$ north of west

Z: Z) $60^\circ$ north of west

Answer: X) X) $60^\circ$ north of east

TOSS-UP ess multiple_choice

Which of the following map projections has true latitude and longitude lines and angles, yet distortion increases near the map’s polar regions? W) Globe X) Mercator Y) Equidistant Z) Robinson

W: W) Globe

X: X) Mercator

Y: Y) Equidistant

Z: Z) Robinson

Answer: X) X) Mercator

BONUS ess phrase

Which spectral class of stars has the strongest hydrogen lines?

Acceptable Answers:

  • A

TOSS-UP energy multiple_choice

Methane’s influence on global warming is approximately how many times that of carbon dioxide? W) 1/2 X) 10 Y) 20 Z) 40

W: W) 1/2

X: X) 10

Y: Y) 20

Z: Z) 40

Answer: Y) Y) 20

BONUS energy multiple_choice

About how many pounds of carbon dioxide are generated by burning 6 pounds of pure carbon? W) 22 X) 32 Y) 42 Z) 52

W: W) 22

X: X) 32

Y: Y) 42

Z: Z) 52

Answer: W) W) 22

TOSS-UP bio multiple_choice

Which of the following molluscan structures is NOT correctly paired with its function? W) Adductor muscle and closing valves X) Siphon and feeding while buried Y) Radula and reproduction Z) Foot and locomotion

W: W) Adductor muscle and closing valves

X: X) Siphon and feeding while buried

Y: Y) Radula and reproduction

Z: Z) Foot and locomotion

Answer: Y) Y) Radula and reproduction

BONUS bio multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is true? W) Prostaglandins are paracrine regulators that act locally X) Insulin is a paracrine regulator that acts over long distances Y) Melatonin is an endocrine hormone that acts locally Z) Prostaglandins are endocrine hormones that act over long distances

W: W) Prostaglandins are paracrine regulators that act locally

X: X) Insulin is a paracrine regulator that acts over long distances

Y: Y) Melatonin is an endocrine hormone that acts locally

Z: Z) Prostaglandins are endocrine hormones that act over long distances

Answer: W) W) Prostaglandins are paracrine regulators that act locally

TOSS-UP chem multiple_choice

Jacques Charles is well-known as the inventor of the hot air balloon, and there is also a law that carries his name. Which of the following is a correct postulation, based on Charles’s Law? W) As the gas in a balloon is heated, its mass increases X) As the gas in a balloon is heated, the pressure of the gas outside the balloon decreases Y) As the gas in a balloon is heated, the pressure of the gas outside the balloon increases Z) As the gas in a balloon is cooled, its density increases

W: W) As the gas in a balloon is heated, its mass increases

X: X) As the gas in a balloon is heated, the pressure of the gas outside the balloon decreases

Y: Y) As the gas in a balloon is heated, the pressure of the gas outside the balloon increases

Z: Z) As the gas in a balloon is cooled, its density increases

Answer: Z) Z) As the gas in a balloon is cooled, its density increases

BONUS chem phrase

A 10.0 gram sample of gold with a specific heat capacity of 0.1 J/(g·°C) is heated using 100.0 J of energy. If the original temperature of the gold is 25.0 °C, what is its final temperature in degrees Celsius?

Acceptable Answers:

  • 125