HS Sample Set 10, Round 7 from NSB
A plant has a somatic chromosome number of 2n = 22. After a cell in this plant undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells each have? W) 11 X) 22 Y) 33 Z) 44
W: W) 11
X: X) 22
Y: Y) 33
Z: Z) 44
Answer: X) X) 22
SDS is a detergent. Which of the following explains how SDS denatures proteins? W) Interferes with the hydrophobic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins X) Interferes with the hydrophilic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins Y) Interferes with the amphiphilic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins Z) Breaks the peptide bonds
W: W) Interferes with the hydrophobic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins
X: X) Interferes with the hydrophilic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins
Y: Y) Interferes with the amphiphilic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins
Z: Z) Breaks the peptide bonds
Answer: W) W) Interferes with the hydrophobic interactions that normally stabilize the proteins
What is the only alkali metal that forms a stable nitride at room temperature and standard pressure?
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Which of the following biological macromolecules does NOT contain nitrogen? W) DNA X) RNA Y) Insulin Z) Amylose
W: W) DNA
X: X) RNA
Y: Y) Insulin
Z: Z) Amylose
Answer: Z) Z) Amylose
What is the name of the program that the Environmental Protection Agency maintains in an effort to identify and promote energy-efficient products and buildings, thus reducing pollution and waste?
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When the sun is directly overhead, if all of the sunlight that reaches a single square meter of Earth's surface could be captured and converted to electricity, which of the following is closest to the number of 60-watt incandescent light bulbs that could be illuminated? W) 5 X) 10 Y) 15 Z) 100
W: W) 5
X: X) 10
Y: Y) 15
Z: Z) 100
Answer: Y) Y) 15
What is binary one-zero-zero-one in decimal form?
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Perform the following complex number subtraction: –4 – 25i subtracted from –11 – 7i.
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What is the name for a particle that carries a half-integer spin? W) Hadron X) Boson Y) Fermion Z) Proton
W: W) Hadron
X: X) Boson
Y: Y) Fermion
Z: Z) Proton
Answer: Y) Y) Fermion
What quantity is defined as the ratio of the charge on an electric component to the electric potential applied across it?
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The majority of Earth’s freshwater is found in which of the following? W) The Pacific Ocean X) Ice and snow Y) Subsurface streams Z) The atmosphere as water vapor
W: W) The Pacific Ocean
X: X) Ice and snow
Y: Y) Subsurface streams
Z: Z) The atmosphere as water vapor
Answer: X) X) Ice and snow
Classify the following three volcanoes according to whether they formed at convergent plate boundaries, divergent plate boundaries, or hot spots, respectively: 1) Yellowstone; 2) Kilauea; 3) Mount Etna.
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Which of the following atoms has at least one completely filled p-subshell? W) Sulfur X) Oxygen Y) Boron Z) Helium
W: W) Sulfur
X: X) Oxygen
Y: Y) Boron
Z: Z) Helium
Answer: W) W) Sulfur
The industrial production of ammonia involves a reaction that combines what two gases?
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Which of the following procedures is NOT commonly used during drilling to recover more oil from the ground? W) Filling the well with water X) Pumping nitrogen or carbon dioxide into the well Y) Injecting polymers into the well Z) Creating a vacuum in the well
W: W) Filling the well with water
X: X) Pumping nitrogen or carbon dioxide into the well
Y: Y) Injecting polymers into the well
Z: Z) Creating a vacuum in the well
Answer: Z) Z) Creating a vacuum in the well
What type of battery has relatively high power density and cycle life but low energy density, thus making it suitable for starting cars?
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The precession of the equinoxes is due principally to the torque induced on the Earth by what celestial body?
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Identify all of the following three marine regions that host coral reefs: 1) The Red Sea; 2) The Australian Coast; 3) The Brazilian Coast.
Choices:
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For a twice-differentiable function f(x), f(3) is 4, f′(3) is 0 and f″(3) is 5. Which of the following is true of the graph of y = f(x) at the point (3, 4)? W) There is a local minimum X) There is a local maximum Y) There is an inflection point Z) The graph is concave down
W: W) There is a local minimum
X: X) There is a local maximum
Y: Y) There is an inflection point
Z: Z) The graph is concave down
Answer: W) W) There is a local minimum
Find the circumference of a circle with area equal to one over pi.
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The waterproof layer within the endodermis of the root that filters substances entering a plant is called the: W) Pericycle X) Hypodermis Y) Casparian strip Z) Vascular cambium
W: W) Pericycle
X: X) Hypodermis
Y: Y) Casparian strip
Z: Z) Vascular cambium
Answer: Y) Y) Casparian strip
What terrestrial biome occurs in mid-latitude coastal regions and is found in Mediterranean climates such as California?
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Fiber optic cables work because of total internal reflection, which results from a difference in what optical property between the cable and surrounding medium?
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What is an object’s average angular acceleration, in degrees per second per second, if it transited 72 degrees with an initial angular velocity of 8 deg/s and a final angular velocity of 10 deg/s? W) 1/12 X) 1/6 Y) 1/4 Z) 1/3
W: W) 1/12
X: X) 1/6
Y: Y) 1/4
Z: Z) 1/3
Answer: Y) Y) 1/4
What type of magnetism opposes an applied magnetic field and is dominant in materials with no unpaired electrons? W) Diamagnetism X) Paramagnetism Y) Ferromagnetism Z) Antiferromagnetism
W: W) Diamagnetism
X: X) Paramagnetism
Y: Y) Ferromagnetism
Z: Z) Antiferromagnetism
Answer: W) W) Diamagnetism
Which of the following is most likely to form hydrogen bonds? W) HI X) HNO₂⁻ Y) C₆H₆ Z) HCl
W: W) HI
X: X) HNO₂⁻
Y: Y) C₆H₆
Z: Z) HCl
Answer: X) X) HNO₂⁻
What is the sine of 270 degrees?
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Give the Cartesian coordinates of the point described by the cylindrical coordinates (r, θ, h) = (8, π/3, 24).
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In female mammalian cells, the second X chromosome is generally silenced. What term is used to describe the condensed inactive X chromosome?
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If you needed to find a sample of simple cuboidal epithelium in the human body, you would want tissue from which of the following organs? W) Kidneys X) Lungs Y) Esophagus Z) Stomach
W: W) Kidneys
X: X) Lungs
Y: Y) Esophagus
Z: Z) Stomach
Answer: W) W) Kidneys
Which of the following cloud types is strongly associated with thunderstorms? W) Cirrocumulus X) Cumulonimbus Y) Altostratus Z) Stratocumulus
W: W) Cirrocumulus
X: X) Cumulonimbus
Y: Y) Altostratus
Z: Z) Stratocumulus
Answer: X) X) Cumulonimbus
The Hubble Deep Field is an image of a seemingly empty spot in the sky in what constellation?
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Which of the following numbers is the best estimate for the number of kilowatt hours of energy used by an average U.S. home in 2014? W) 700 X) 11,000 Y) 70,000 Z) 110,000
W: W) 700
X: X) 11,000
Y: Y) 70,000
Z: Z) 110,000
Answer: X) X) 11,000
Almost all turbine-based electricity production plants use what liquid as the intermediate energy carrier?
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Very heavy nuclei tend to decay to stability by the emission of a light nucleus with two neutrons and two protons. What type of decay is this?
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A car is traveling around a flat 200 meter diameter circular track at 25 meters per second. What is the centripetal acceleration on this car in meters per second squared?
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Which of the following bonds has the shortest bond length? W) H–F X) H–Cl Y) H–Br Z) H–I
W: W) H–F
X: X) H–Cl
Y: Y) H–Br
Z: Z) H–I
Answer: W) W) H–F
What is the name for the constant, approximately 1.4 × 10⁻²³ joules per kelvin, that sets an energy scale for a system at a particular temperature, and is equal to the ideal gas constant over Avogadro’s number?
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Which of the following does NOT describe the strong force? W) It is mediated by the W boson X) It is responsible for holding together the nucleus Y) It is carried by gluons Z) It is described with quantum chromodynamics
W: W) It is mediated by the W boson
X: X) It is responsible for holding together the nucleus
Y: Y) It is carried by gluons
Z: Z) It is described with quantum chromodynamics
Answer: W) W) It is mediated by the W boson
Which of the following bodies has the largest escape speed? W) Earth’s moon X) Europa Y) Ganymede Z) Pluto
W: W) Earth’s moon
X: X) Europa
Y: Y) Ganymede
Z: Z) Pluto
Answer: Y) Y) Ganymede
In regard to human anatomy, with which of the following is Wolff’s law concerned? W) The shape of bone being determined by mechanical and gravitational stresses X) The negative feedback loops that control production of thyroid hormone Y) The forces generated by isotonic contractions of skeletal muscle Z) The electrical potential of resting cardiac cells
W: W) The shape of bone being determined by mechanical and gravitational stresses
X: X) The negative feedback loops that control production of thyroid hormone
Y: Y) The forces generated by isotonic contractions of skeletal muscle
Z: Z) The electrical potential of resting cardiac cells
Answer: W) W) The shape of bone being determined by mechanical and gravitational stresses
What name is used to describe the ability of a microbe to respond to changes in local microbial population density?
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Giving your answer in standard form, what is the equation of the circle with center at (0, 0) and diameter 10?
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What is 4 to the power of log base 2 of 5? W) 1/5 X) √5 Y) 5 Z) 25
W: W) 1/5
X: X) √5
Y: Y) 5
Z: Z) 25
Answer: Z) Z) 25
What features on the Sun, caused by strong magnetic fields, vary in number with an 11 year cycle?
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Which of the following coasts parallels a nearby tectonic plate boundary? W) East Coast of North America X) West Coast of Australia Y) West Coast of South America Z) West Coast of Africa
W: W) East Coast of North America
X: X) West Coast of Australia
Y: Y) West Coast of South America
Z: Z) West Coast of Africa
Answer: Y) Y) West Coast of South America