MS Sample Set 8, Round 17 from NSB
During the Deep Water Horizon oil spill, marine microbes were observed to consume some of the released hydrocarbons. Which of the following crude oil components is most likely to be degraded quickly by marine microbes? W) Naphthalene X) Dodecane Y) Xylene Z) Ethane
W: W) Naphthalene
X: X) Dodecane
Y: Y) Xylene
Z: Z) Ethane
Answer: Z) Z) Ethane
Which of the following is the most detrimental type of point mutation? W) Silent mutation X) Nonsense mutation Y) Missense mutation Z) Frameshift mutation
W: W) Silent mutation
X: X) Nonsense mutation
Y: Y) Missense mutation
Z: Z) Frameshift mutation
Answer: Z) Z) Frameshift mutation
What property must be known to calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a particle? W) Pressure X) Electric charge Y) Probability Z) Momentum
W: W) Pressure
X: X) Electric charge
Y: Y) Probability
Z: Z) Momentum
Answer: Z) Z) Momentum
Determine the speed of sound, in m/s to two significant figures, traveling through air at a temperature of 50 °C.
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Identify the maximum power point tracking algorithm that is easier to implement, does not require any voltage or current sensors, and tends to oscillate around the solution point once one is found.
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The energy in a thunderstorm comes from which of the following? W) Evaporation of water drops X) Temperature gradients in the atmosphere Y) Condensation of water drops that form the cloud Z) Electrical energy from charged particles in the cloud
W: W) Evaporation of water drops
X: X) Temperature gradients in the atmosphere
Y: Y) Condensation of water drops that form the cloud
Z: Z) Electrical energy from charged particles in the cloud
Answer: Y) Y) Condensation of water drops that form the cloud
Which of the following instruments can take measurements as small as one microliter and is used in a laboratory setting to transport specific amounts of liquid? W) Beaker X) Pipette Y) Graduated cylinder Z) Burette
W: W) Beaker
X: X) Pipette
Y: Y) Graduated cylinder
Z: Z) Burette
Answer: X) X) Pipette
What is the primary control device when using flammable and toxic chemicals in the laboratory? W) Gloves X) Fume hood Y) Fire extinguisher Z) Goggles
W: W) Gloves
X: X) Fume hood
Y: Y) Fire extinguisher
Z: Z) Goggles
Answer: X) X) Fume hood
When limestone is exposed to increasing pressure and temperature, it metamorphoses into what metamorphic rock?
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Typically, how many spring tides occur during a month?
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Find the solutions of the quadratic equation $$x^2 - 4x - 12 = 0\,$$.
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A student leaves for school on the bus. Her bus travels 25 mph, but stops for 1 minute after every 2 minutes of travel. The route is 8 miles. To the nearest whole number, how many minutes does the trip take? W) 24 X) 26 Y) 28 Z) 30
W: W) 24
X: X) 26
Y: Y) 28
Z: Z) 30
Answer: Y) Y) 28
You are constructing a simple ecosystem model to predict microbial growth in a marine environment. Which of the following elements are you least likely to include in your model as a possible limiting nutrient? W) Phosphorous X) Nitrogen Y) Sulfur Z) Iron
W: W) Phosphorous
X: X) Nitrogen
Y: Y) Sulfur
Z: Z) Iron
Answer: Y) Y) Sulfur
Tiktaalik is a transitional fossil that serves to fill the gap between what two types of animals?
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A particular gem has no refraction at angles above 40.7°, there is only total internal reflection. Therefore, 40.7° corresponds to which of the following for this gem? W) Angle of refraction X) Critical angle Y) Angle of incidence Z) Maximum angle
W: W) Angle of refraction
X: X) Critical angle
Y: Y) Angle of incidence
Z: Z) Maximum angle
Answer: X) X) Critical angle
The discovery that stars emit energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum spurred the development of what technology? W) Radio telescope X) Microwave oven Y) Cellular telephone Z) Satellite communication
W: W) Radio telescope
X: X) Microwave oven
Y: Y) Cellular telephone
Z: Z) Satellite communication
Answer: W) W) Radio telescope
What medical equipment uses high powered magnets and radio waves to produce high resolution images of the body?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? W) Regulating involuntary movements X) Regulating body temperature Y) Regulating hunger and salt cravings Z) Regulating blood pressure
W: W) Regulating involuntary movements
X: X) Regulating body temperature
Y: Y) Regulating hunger and salt cravings
Z: Z) Regulating blood pressure
Answer: W) W) Regulating involuntary movements
What kind of nebula is the Cat’s Eye Nebula?
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Which of the following wavelengths of light best passes through Earth’s atmosphere and thus is frequently observed using telescopes on Earth’s surface? W) Radio X) UV Y) IR Z) Gamma
W: W) Radio
X: X) UV
Y: Y) IR
Z: Z) Gamma
Answer: W) W) Radio
Assuming that $$x \neq 0\,$$, simplify the expression $$-3x^0 - 2^{-3}\,$$.
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A fair coin is flipped three times. Given that one of the flips is a head, what is the probability that at least two flips are heads? W) 1/4 X) 1/2 Y) 4/7 Z) 3/4
W: W) 1/4
X: X) 1/2
Y: Y) 4/7
Z: Z) 3/4
Answer: Y) Y) 4/7
In a regenerative fuel cell system, the byproducts of a fuel cell are utilized to do which of the following? W) Produce electricity via electrolysis X) Provide power to a solar energy system Y) Provide power to a wind energy system Z) Produce reactants that are resupplied to the fuel cell via electrolysis
W: W) Produce electricity via electrolysis
X: X) Provide power to a solar energy system
Y: Y) Provide power to a wind energy system
Z: Z) Produce reactants that are resupplied to the fuel cell via electrolysis
Answer: Z) Z) Produce reactants that are resupplied to the fuel cell via electrolysis
Researchers are beginning to focus on butanol instead of ethanol as a replacement for gasoline. What is the primary reason for this shift in focus? W) Butanol is more cost-effective than ethanol X) Butanol is easier to work with Y) Butanol can be used in cars without any modifications Z) Butanol contains more chemical energy than ethanol
W: W) Butanol is more cost-effective than ethanol
X: X) Butanol is easier to work with
Y: Y) Butanol can be used in cars without any modifications
Z: Z) Butanol contains more chemical energy than ethanol
Answer: Y) Y) Butanol can be used in cars without any modifications
The nutrient flow in an ecosystem can often be represented with a simple box model. What is the description for the ecosystem when the sources into and sinks out of the box are equal?
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Where would you find squalene? W) In the head of a sperm whale X) In the intestines of a sperm whale Y) In the liver of a shark Z) In the stomach of a shark
W: W) In the head of a sperm whale
X: X) In the intestines of a sperm whale
Y: Y) In the liver of a shark
Z: Z) In the stomach of a shark
Answer: Y) Y) In the liver of a shark
Which of the following is a property that is shared by both mixtures and compounds? W) They always contain the same ratio of component atoms X) They consist of atoms bound together Y) They retain many of the properties of their components Z) They can be broken down into their individual components
W: W) They always contain the same ratio of component atoms
X: X) They consist of atoms bound together
Y: Y) They retain many of the properties of their components
Z: Z) They can be broken down into their individual components
Answer: Z) Z) They can be broken down into their individual components
A neon light does NOT produce which of the following? W) Line spectrum X) Photons Y) Absorption spectrum Z) Emission spectrum
W: W) Line spectrum
X: X) Photons
Y: Y) Absorption spectrum
Z: Z) Emission spectrum
Answer: Y) Y) Absorption spectrum
What fossil type is formed when a mineral replaces the plant or animal tissue of the organism? W) Petrified X) Cast Y) Imprint Z) Mold
W: W) Petrified
X: X) Cast
Y: Y) Imprint
Z: Z) Mold
Answer: W) W) Petrified
Name the three main protein filaments that make up the cytoskeleton.
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Beta Pictoris has a mass about twice that of the Sun. In this star, how is hydrogen turned into helium? W) CNO cycle X) PPI Y) PPII Z) PPIII
W: W) CNO cycle
X: X) PPI
Y: Y) PPII
Z: Z) PPIII
Answer: W) W) CNO cycle
Which of the following elements is commonly reduced from its oxide with electricity? W) Iron X) Cobalt Y) Aluminum Z) Lead
W: W) Iron
X: X) Cobalt
Y: Y) Aluminum
Z: Z) Lead
Answer: Y) Y) Aluminum
Rounding your answer to the nearest tenth, a difference of one in the apparent magnitudes of two stars means that the brighter star appears how many times as bright as the dimmer one? W) 2.0 X) 2.5 Y) 3.2 Z) 10.0
W: W) 2.0
X: X) 2.5
Y: Y) 3.2
Z: Z) 10.0
Answer: Y) Y) 3.2
What part of a sundial is responsible for casting a shadow on the dial?
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Find the product of 111 and 89.
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What is the y-intercept of the line that passes through (5, 10) and is perpendicular to the segment with endpoints (1, 4) and (5, 10)?
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Which of the following is the difference between a viroid and a virus? W) Viroids do not contain a protein coat; viruses do X) Viroids only contain RNA; viruses also contain protein Y) Viroids only contain DNA; viruses also contain protein Z) Viroids contain DNA; viruses do not
W: W) Viroids do not contain a protein coat; viruses do
X: X) Viroids only contain RNA; viruses also contain protein
Y: Y) Viroids only contain DNA; viruses also contain protein
Z: Z) Viroids contain DNA; viruses do not
Answer: W) W) Viroids do not contain a protein coat; viruses do
What is the ecological term for the phenomenon of a harmless species mimicking a harmful one?
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What fictitious curved motion force is present only in rotating reference frames?
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The magnitude of the velocity of an object in uniform circular motion is tripled. What will happen to its centripetal force? W) It will be multiplied by 3 X) It will be multiplied by 9 Y) It will stay the same Z) It will be multiplied by 1/3
W: W) It will be multiplied by 3
X: X) It will be multiplied by 9
Y: Y) It will stay the same
Z: Z) It will be multiplied by 1/3
Answer: X) X) It will be multiplied by 9
How many nucleotide base pairs are there in the haploid human genome? W) 320,000 base pairs X) 3.2 billion base pairs Y) 3.2 billion base pairs Z) 3.2 trillion base pairs
W: W) 320,000 base pairs
X: X) 3.2 billion base pairs
Y: Y) 3.2 billion base pairs
Z: Z) 3.2 trillion base pairs
Answer: X) X) 3.2 billion base pairs
If a disorder is transmitted genetically from parent to offspring, the disorder is known to be which of the following? W) Heritable X) Chronic Y) Congenital Z) Communicable
W: W) Heritable
X: X) Chronic
Y: Y) Congenital
Z: Z) Communicable
Answer: W) W) Heritable
What type of solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes completely in front of the Sun, but subtends a smaller angle than the Sun?
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A star with a declination of 23.5° and a right ascension of 6 h will be eclipsed by the Sun on what day of the year? W) Vernal equinox X) Summer solstice Y) Autumnal equinox Z) Winter solstice
W: W) Vernal equinox
X: X) Summer solstice
Y: Y) Autumnal equinox
Z: Z) Winter solstice
Answer: X) X) Summer solstice
A cycloid is generated by tracing a point on the edge of a circle as the circle is rolled along a line. The formula for finding the area under a single lobe of this figure is $$3\pi r^2$$, where \(r\) is the radius of the circle. What fraction of the area of a cycloid generated by a circle of radius \(r\) is the area of a cycloid generated by a circle of radius \(r/2\)?
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The point (4, 5) is reflected across the graph of \(y = 1\) and the resulting point is then reflected across the graph of \(y = -x\). What are the coordinates of the final image point?
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