HS Sample Set 9, Round 7 from NSB
A scientist is designing an experiment in which she will determine if there is a correlation between drinking tea and contracting cancer. What statistical term is used to describe the assumption that drinking tea does not correlate with contracting cancer?
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Subtracting a certain positive number from its square gives 110. Find the number.
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Two point charges, Q₁ and Q₂, that have charges of +8 nanocoulombs and –8 nanocoulombs, respectively, are placed at two vertices of an equilateral triangle. If a third charge, Q₃, of +3 nanocoulombs is placed at the third vertex, what is the potential energy associated with Q₃?
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Identify all of the following four reference frames that can be considered approximately inertial: 1) A stationary book 2) A car coasting along at a steady speed 3) A sky diver at terminal velocity 4) A rocket taking off
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All the elements that are more massive than iron were formed by what astronomical phenomenon? W) Nova X) White dwarf Y) Supernova Z) Black hole
W: W) Nova
X: X) White dwarf
Y: Y) Supernova
Z: Z) Black hole
Answer: Y) Y) Supernova
In a stable atmosphere, which of the following properties of an unsaturated air parcel will increase as the parcel is forced aloft? W) Relative humidity X) Mixing ratio Y) Saturation vapor pressure Z) Barometric pressure
W: W) Relative humidity
X: X) Mixing ratio
Y: Y) Saturation vapor pressure
Z: Z) Barometric pressure
Answer: W) W) Relative humidity
Which of the following acids is stronger than hydrofluoric acid? W) Iodic acid X) Formic acid Y) Acetic acid Z) Hypochlorous acid
W: W) Iodic acid
X: X) Formic acid
Y: Y) Acetic acid
Z: Z) Hypochlorous acid
Answer: W) W) Iodic acid
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding alkaline earth metals? W) Calcium burns brick-red in a flame test X) Magnesium has no naturally occurring radioisotopes Y) Radium is found in all uranium-bearing ores Z) Radium has 3 stable isotopes
W: W) Calcium burns brick-red in a flame test
X: X) Magnesium has no naturally occurring radioisotopes
Y: Y) Radium is found in all uranium-bearing ores
Z: Z) Radium has 3 stable isotopes
Answer: Z) Z) Radium has 3 stable isotopes
Which of the following amino acids is non-polar? W) Glutamine X) Histidine Y) Leucine Z) Lysine
W: W) Glutamine
X: X) Histidine
Y: Y) Leucine
Z: Z) Lysine
Answer: Y) Y) Leucine
Insects and reptiles excrete nitrogenous waste in what nontoxic form?
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During physics lab, you create a graph of the kinetic energy of a bouncing ball versus time. What physical quantity is represented by the slope of the graph?
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Identify all of the following four processes that result in a decrease in entropy: 1) Freezing of water 2) Vaporization of water 3) Extraction of magnesium and pure water from seawater 4) Sublimation of dry ice
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Which of the following is NOT equal to $$a \log_{b} c$$? W) $\displaystyle \frac{1}{a}\,\log_{b}\!\bigl(\tfrac{a}{c}\bigr)$ X) $-\,a \log_{b}\!\bigl(\tfrac{1}{c}\bigr)$ Y) $-\,\log_{b}\!(c - a)$ Z) $\ln(e^{a}) \times \log_{b} c$
W: W) $\displaystyle \frac{1}{a}\,\log_{b}\!\bigl(\tfrac{a}{c}\bigr)$
X: X) $-\,a \log_{b}\!\bigl(\tfrac{1}{c}\bigr)$
Y: Y) $-\,\log_{b}\!(c - a)$
Z: Z) $\ln(e^{a}) \times \log_{b} c$
Answer: W) W) $\displaystyle \frac{1}{a}\,\log_{b}\!\bigl(\tfrac{a}{c}\bigr)$
It takes 3 painters 4 hours to paint one house. How many hours does it take one painter to paint two houses of the same size? W) 12 X) 24 Y) 36 Z) 48
W: W) 12
X: X) 24
Y: Y) 36
Z: Z) 48
Answer: X) X) 24
Identify all of the following three particles that are considered leptons: 1) Protons 2) Electrons 3) Neutrons
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A figure skater is holding his hands outstretched as he spins at 180 rotations per minute. If his hands are 180 centimeters apart, what is the speed in meters per second of his hands in terms of π?
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A lunar eclipse can occur only during what phase of the moon? W) Full moon X) New moon Y) First quarter Z) Last quarter
W: W) Full moon
X: X) New moon
Y: Y) First quarter
Z: Z) Last quarter
Answer: W) W) Full moon
At what altitude does the greatest variation in daily temperature occur? W) Near the ground X) 10 meters above the ground Y) 50 meters above the ground Z) 100 meters above the ground
W: W) Near the ground
X: X) 10 meters above the ground
Y: Y) 50 meters above the ground
Z: Z) 100 meters above the ground
Answer: W) W) Near the ground
What major organic product is produced when an ethene and hydrogen gas are reacted on Raney nickel?
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To measure the number of moles of barium in a solution containing both magnesium²⁺ and barium²⁺ ions, a student added sodium sulfate and collected the precipitate. Then, he weighed the precipitate, and used stoichiometric conversions to estimate the number of moles of barium, and discovered that his method over-reported the actual value stated by his teacher. Which of the following plausibly explains the discrepancy? W) The student precipitated both magnesium and barium when adding sodium sulfate X) The student used a molar mass for barium that was 10% too high Y) The student used a molar mass for sulfur that was 10% too high Z) The student didn’t properly dry his precipitate before weighing
W: W) The student precipitated both magnesium and barium when adding sodium sulfate
X: X) The student used a molar mass for barium that was 10% too high
Y: Y) The student used a molar mass for sulfur that was 10% too high
Z: Z) The student didn’t properly dry his precipitate before weighing
Answer: Z) Z) The student didn’t properly dry his precipitate before weighing
Which of the following types of cells has the longest lifespan in circulation? W) Erythrocyte X) Platelet Y) Monocyte Z) Neutrophil
W: W) Erythrocyte
X: X) Platelet
Y: Y) Monocyte
Z: Z) Neutrophil
Answer: W) W) Erythrocyte
What model in population genetics predicts that allele frequencies will stay constant from generation to generation, assuming that the population remains free of other evolutionary influences?
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The average value of a continuous function f(x) on a closed interval from 2 to 6 is 8. What is the value of the definite integral $$\int_{2}^{6} f(x)\,dx$$? W) 4 X) 8 Y) 24 Z) 32
W: W) 4
X: X) 8
Y: Y) 24
Z: Z) 32
Answer: Z) Z) 32
f(x) is a twice differentiable function where $$f'(x)<0$$ and $$f''(x)<0$$ for all real numbers. If f(4)=12 and f(5)=9, what is the largest possible integer value for f(6)?
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The equations $$x' = x - vt$$ and $$t' = t$$ represent what mathematical conversion, used between two reference frames traveling at speeds much less than the speed of light?
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An electromagnetic wave that has a wavelength of 10 meters would be best classified as in which of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum? W) Microwave X) Ultraviolet Y) Visible Z) Radio
W: W) Microwave
X: X) Ultraviolet
Y: Y) Visible
Z: Z) Radio
Answer: Z) Z) Radio
A wind blowing from 135° equates to the wind coming from which direction? W) Northeast X) Northwest Y) Southeast Z) Southwest
W: W) Northeast
X: X) Northwest
Y: Y) Southeast
Z: Z) Southwest
Answer: Y) Y) Southeast
Meteorologists use the Enhanced Fujita Scale to determine the strength of a tornado by assessing which of the following? W) Winds of the tornado X) Minimum barometric pressure of the tornado Y) Vorticity of the tornado Z) Damage left behind from the tornado
W: W) Winds of the tornado
X: X) Minimum barometric pressure of the tornado
Y: Y) Vorticity of the tornado
Z: Z) Damage left behind from the tornado
Answer: Z) Z) Damage left behind from the tornado
High power density, low electrical energy capacity, and long cycle life describe what type of battery found in most cars in the United States?
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If a solar farm has a nameplate capacity of 50 MW, what is its capacity factor, to the nearest tenth, if it generates an average of 40 MW for 12 hours each day?
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Which of the following methods would be most accurate when determining the molecular weight of a polymer? W) Freezing-point depression analysis X) Gravimetry Y) Titration Z) Osmometry
W: W) Freezing-point depression analysis
X: X) Gravimetry
Y: Y) Titration
Z: Z) Osmometry
Answer: Z) Z) Osmometry
Chromium metal crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice. What is the coordination number of each chromium atom in this lattice?
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For the equation $$y = 15 + 45 \log_{10}(10x)$$, where *x* is the number of years after 2000, find the value of *y* in 2010.
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Find the smallest three-digit positive integer not ending in zero such that the product of the digits is double the square of the ones-digit.
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Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? W) Acne X) Shingles Y) Impetigo Z) Necrotizing fasciitis
W: W) Acne
X: X) Shingles
Y: Y) Impetigo
Z: Z) Necrotizing fasciitis
Answer: X) X) Shingles
Which of the following compounds would one use to detect the presence of DNA in an agarose gel? W) Ethidium bromide X) Coomassie Blue Y) Rhodamine 2 Z) Fluorescein
W: W) Ethidium bromide
X: X) Coomassie Blue
Y: Y) Rhodamine 2
Z: Z) Fluorescein
Answer: W) W) Ethidium bromide
Which of the following is NOT true regarding semiconductors? W) Doping is used to modulate the electrical properties of a semiconductor X) Silica glass is a semiconductor Y) Silicon is the most commonly used semiconductor in electronics Z) Light emitting diodes can be made of semiconductors
W: W) Doping is used to modulate the electrical properties of a semiconductor
X: X) Silica glass is a semiconductor
Y: Y) Silicon is the most commonly used semiconductor in electronics
Z: Z) Light emitting diodes can be made of semiconductors
Answer: X) X) Silica glass is a semiconductor
A 50 g ball moving to the right at 4 m/s overtakes and collides perfectly elastically with a 100 g ball moving to the right at 2 m/s. Which of the following is true after the collision? W) Both balls are moving to the left at 1.33 m/s and 3.33 m/s, respectively X) Both balls are moving to the right at 1.33 m/s and 3.33 m/s, respectively Y) Both balls are moving to the left at 1.66 m/s and 3.00 m/s, respectively Z) Both balls are moving to the right at 1.66 m/s and 3.00 m/s, respectively
W: W) Both balls are moving to the left at 1.33 m/s and 3.33 m/s, respectively
X: X) Both balls are moving to the right at 1.33 m/s and 3.33 m/s, respectively
Y: Y) Both balls are moving to the left at 1.66 m/s and 3.00 m/s, respectively
Z: Z) Both balls are moving to the right at 1.66 m/s and 3.00 m/s, respectively
Answer: X) X) Both balls are moving to the right at 1.33 m/s and 3.33 m/s, respectively
Which of the following types of fuel is extracted by hydraulic fracturing? W) Geothermal X) Coal Y) Natural Gas Z) Hydrothermal energy
W: W) Geothermal
X: X) Coal
Y: Y) Natural Gas
Z: Z) Hydrothermal energy
Answer: Y) Y) Natural Gas
Which of the following represents a negative feedback process regarding climate change? W) Increasing temperature of the Earth causes more water vapor to enter the atmosphere X) As ice melts, the albedo of the Earth decreases Y) As the temperature of the Earth increases, more radiation is radiated into space Z) As the temperature of the Earth increases, methane clathrates release more methane into the atmosphere
W: W) Increasing temperature of the Earth causes more water vapor to enter the atmosphere
X: X) As ice melts, the albedo of the Earth decreases
Y: Y) As the temperature of the Earth increases, more radiation is radiated into space
Z: Z) As the temperature of the Earth increases, methane clathrates release more methane into the atmosphere
Answer: Y) Y) As the temperature of the Earth increases, more radiation is radiated into space
If a protein contains a signal peptide, in which of the following locations would it LEAST likely be found? W) Cytosol X) Golgi Body Y) Rough ER Z) Lysosome
W: W) Cytosol
X: X) Golgi Body
Y: Y) Rough ER
Z: Z) Lysosome
Answer: W) W) Cytosol
Which of the following eye adaptations allows nocturnal animals to see better in dim light when compared to diurnal animals? W) Relatively higher numbers of cone cells X) Presence of a tapetum that reflects rather than absorbs light Y) Chemically distinctive vitreous humor that better supports the retina Z) A less convex lens that facilitates an ideal focal length in dim light
W: W) Relatively higher numbers of cone cells
X: X) Presence of a tapetum that reflects rather than absorbs light
Y: Y) Chemically distinctive vitreous humor that better supports the retina
Z: Z) A less convex lens that facilitates an ideal focal length in dim light
Answer: X) X) Presence of a tapetum that reflects rather than absorbs light
Which of the following does not occur after the passage of a cold front? W) Wind direction shift X) Drop in relative humidity Y) Drop in barometric pressure Z) Clearing skies
W: W) Wind direction shift
X: X) Drop in relative humidity
Y: Y) Drop in barometric pressure
Z: Z) Clearing skies
Answer: Y) Y) Drop in barometric pressure
What is the name for the opening found on the surface of volcanic systems that vents volcanic gases?
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For a given reaction, the rate constant is equal to 93 L²·mol⁻²·s⁻¹. What is the order of this reaction?
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A closed vessel contains nitrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen dioxide gas. Nitrogen dioxide has a positive enthalpy of formation. Identify all of the following three changes that would shift the equilibrium to the products: 1) Increasing the temperature 2) Increasing the pressure by adding nitrogen dioxide gas 3) Increasing the pressure by adding an inert gas
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