MS Sample Set 4, Round 16 from NSB
What do you call a microorganism that lives and grows in extremely hot environments that would kill most other microorganisms?
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Which of the following statements about thermophiles in Yellowstone National Park is NOT true? W) Many thermophiles live in hot pools of water X) Studies of thermophiles have been helpful to the process of DNA fingerprinting Y) Most thermophiles are in the kingdom Eubacteria Z) Thermophiles are often brightly colored
W: W) Many thermophiles live in hot pools of water
X: X) Studies of thermophiles have been helpful to the process of DNA fingerprinting
Y: Y) Most thermophiles are in the kingdom Eubacteria
Z: Z) Thermophiles are often brightly colored
Answer: Y) Y) Most thermophiles are in the kingdom Eubacteria
What is the heaviest element produced in a main sequence star?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a variable star? W) Cepheid X) Supernova Y) Eclipsing binary star Z) Brown dwarf
W: W) Cepheid
X: X) Supernova
Y: Y) Eclipsing binary star
Z: Z) Brown dwarf
Answer: Z) Z) Brown dwarf
In which of the three spheres of Earth does life exist throughout much of the sphere?
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Which of the following lists the four upper spheres of Earth in the correct order of their chronological development? W) Atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere X) Hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere Y) Lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere Z) Biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere
W: W) Atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere
X: X) Hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere
Y: Y) Lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
Z: Z) Biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere
Answer: Y) Y) Lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
What is the area of the unit circle?
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What is the length, in inches to the nearest whole number, of the arc corresponding to a sector with angle 45 degrees and radius 10 inches?
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Which of the following was a storm observed on Saturn – a large, bright, convective storm that appeared in Saturn’s southern hemisphere? W) Dust storms X) Great Dark Spot Y) Dragon Storm Z) Great Red Spot
W: W) Dust storms
X: X) Great Dark Spot
Y: Y) Dragon Storm
Z: Z) Great Red Spot
Answer: Y) Y) Dragon Storm
The Dragon Storm on Saturn emitted radiation similar to that generated by lightning on Earth. In what part of the electromagnetic spectrum are these emissions found?
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Which of the following is true of tension? W) It is the same as stress X) Its magnitude is independent of mass Y) It can be defined as the opposite of compression Z) It is equivalent to force
W: W) It is the same as stress
X: X) Its magnitude is independent of mass
Y: Y) It can be defined as the opposite of compression
Z: Z) It is equivalent to force
Answer: Y) Y) It can be defined as the opposite of compression
Neglecting the effect of air resistance, what is the shape of the trajectory of a projectile launched upward at a 50 degree angle from ground level?
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What is the Gibbs energy sign in aerobic cellular respiration during the Krebs cycle?
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Giving your answer in amps to the nearest hundredth, how much current flows through a circuit containing a 3.6 Ω resistor and a 9 V battery?
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What is the name for the five long, cylindrical bones in the hand that extend from the base of the wrist to the base of each finger?
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How many phalanges do most people have in their left foot?
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What is the name for the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid or comet where it is nearest to the Sun?
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If the Earth’s axis lost its tilt, which of the following would least likely occur? W) Changes in ocean surface currents X) Increased amount of seasonal changes across the planet Y) Cooler temperatures in winter and hotter temperatures in summer Z) Days and nights which are equal throughout the entire year across the planet
W: W) Changes in ocean surface currents
X: X) Increased amount of seasonal changes across the planet
Y: Y) Cooler temperatures in winter and hotter temperatures in summer
Z: Z) Days and nights which are equal throughout the entire year across the planet
Answer: Y) Y) Cooler temperatures in winter and hotter temperatures in summer
Which of the following choices is the controlling force behind mass wasting? W) The triggering event X) Saturation of the material with water Y) Gravity Z) Removal of anchoring vegetation
W: W) The triggering event
X: X) Saturation of the material with water
Y: Y) Gravity
Z: Z) Removal of anchoring vegetation
Answer: Y) Y) Gravity
Which of the following statements is NOT true about rock avalanches? W) Rock and debris can hurtle downslope at speeds exceeding 125 miles per hour X) They can be dated based on isotopes formed from the rock’s exposure to cosmic rays Y) They can be caused by earthquakes Z) The movement of rocks downslope in an avalanche is called a flow
W: W) Rock and debris can hurtle downslope at speeds exceeding 125 miles per hour
X: X) They can be dated based on isotopes formed from the rock’s exposure to cosmic rays
Y: Y) They can be caused by earthquakes
Z: Z) The movement of rocks downslope in an avalanche is called a flow
Answer: Z) Z) The movement of rocks downslope in an avalanche is called a flow
If plants convert 1% of the sunlight they receive into energy, and 10% of the energy exchanged between trophic levels is converted into biomass, then what percent of the energy in the incident sunlight is embodied in a secondary consumer?
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Which of the following types of organism obtains energy primarily from inorganic compounds? W) Chemolithotroph X) Chemoorganotroph Y) Photolithotroph Z) Photoorganotroph
W: W) Chemolithotroph
X: X) Chemoorganotroph
Y: Y) Photolithotroph
Z: Z) Photoorganotroph
Answer: W) W) Chemolithotroph
A new virus is discovered and its genetic code is examined. Which of the following cannot be true concerning its genome? W) It is composed of double-stranded DNA X) It is composed of single-stranded RNA Y) It is composed of single-stranded DNA Z) It is composed of double-stranded proteins
W: W) It is composed of double-stranded DNA
X: X) It is composed of single-stranded RNA
Y: Y) It is composed of single-stranded DNA
Z: Z) It is composed of double-stranded proteins
Answer: Z) Z) It is composed of double-stranded proteins
Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe, often fatal, disease in humans and nonhuman primates. It is caused by infection with the Ebola virus. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Ebola? W) Ebola typically occurs in sporadic outbreaks X) Health care workers should wear protective clothing such as masks, gowns, goggles, and gloves Y) The Ebola virus originated in monkeys Z) The disease takes between 2 days to 3 weeks to incubate
W: W) Ebola typically occurs in sporadic outbreaks
X: X) Health care workers should wear protective clothing such as masks, gowns, goggles, and gloves
Y: Y) The Ebola virus originated in monkeys
Z: Z) The disease takes between 2 days to 3 weeks to incubate
Answer: Y) Y) The Ebola virus originated in monkeys
What prevents objects in free fall on Earth from continuously accelerating?
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Why do many bridges have expansion joints? W) To reduce the vibration of cars traveling across the bridge X) To permit quick disassembly in case of flooding or other disasters Y) To increase resistance to UVB-induced photo-degradation Z) To prevent buckling when the bridge expands and contracts with temperature changes
W: W) To reduce the vibration of cars traveling across the bridge
X: X) To permit quick disassembly in case of flooding or other disasters
Y: Y) To increase resistance to UVB-induced photo-degradation
Z: Z) To prevent buckling when the bridge expands and contracts with temperature changes
Answer: Z) Z) To prevent buckling when the bridge expands and contracts with temperature changes
What does a barometer measure?
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Which of the following is NOT evidence that supports the notion of Snowball Earth? W) Stable concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide X) Dropstones in tropical waters Y) Large clay deposits Z) Cap carbonates
W: W) Stable concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide
X: X) Dropstones in tropical waters
Y: Y) Large clay deposits
Z: Z) Cap carbonates
Answer: W) W) Stable concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide
Which of the following values is smallest? W) 4! X) 5^2 Y) |√100| × 4 Z) |√625|
W: W) 4!
X: X) 5^2
Y: Y) |√100| × 4
Z: Z) |√625|
Answer: W) W) 4!
What is the sum of the numbers 1 through 250?
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What is the acceleration, in meters per second squared, of a 20 kg object that is being pushed with an unbalanced force of 10 N?
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Providing your answer to the nearest integer, what is the force in newtons required to horizontally accelerate a 20 lb object on a frictionless surface to 10 m/s²?
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Most enzymes are polymers of which kind of molecules?
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Which of the following amino acids must we obtain in our diets? W) Cysteine X) Leucine Y) Glutamine Z) Glycine
W: W) Cysteine
X: X) Leucine
Y: Y) Glutamine
Z: Z) Glycine
Answer: X) X) Leucine
What is the degree of the polynomial 7x²y⁴ + 6x + 7y + 10?
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What is the equation of the axis of symmetry for the parabola y = 2x² – 3x – 5?
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Name the circuit element that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. W) Meter X) Ground Y) Resistor Z) Inductor
W: W) Meter
X: X) Ground
Y: Y) Resistor
Z: Z) Inductor
Answer: Z) Z) Inductor
Find the energy, in joules, stored in an inductor of 10 H with a current of 2 A flowing through it.
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Which of the following increases with the addition of sodium chloride to water? W) The boiling point of the solution X) The freezing point of the solution Y) The temperature of the solution Z) The vapor pressure of the solution
W: W) The boiling point of the solution
X: X) The freezing point of the solution
Y: Y) The temperature of the solution
Z: Z) The vapor pressure of the solution
Answer: W) W) The boiling point of the solution
The addition of equal moles of which of the following to water will decrease the freezing point the most? W) Magnesium sulfate X) Hydrochloric acid Y) Sulfuric acid Z) Hydrofluoric acid
W: W) Magnesium sulfate
X: X) Hydrochloric acid
Y: Y) Sulfuric acid
Z: Z) Hydrofluoric acid
Answer: Y) Y) Sulfuric acid
Which of the following regular polygons will NOT tessellate? W) Triangles X) Squares Y) Hexagons Z) Octagons
W: W) Triangles
X: X) Squares
Y: Y) Hexagons
Z: Z) Octagons
Answer: Z) Z) Octagons
ABC is a 3-4-5 triangle. If a similar triangle, DEF, has a perimeter of 144, find the area of DEF in square units.
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What is the specific term for the mutualistic association between a fungus and the roots of a plant?
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Which of the following choices does NOT represent a benefit of Mycorrhiza? W) Enhanced absorption of water X) Better survival of root diseases Y) Enhanced uptake of nitrogen Z) Enhanced soil structure
W: W) Enhanced absorption of water
X: X) Better survival of root diseases
Y: Y) Enhanced uptake of nitrogen
Z: Z) Enhanced soil structure
Answer: Y) Y) Enhanced uptake of nitrogen
Of the following locations, where on the Earth’s surface are you closest to the center of the Earth? W) The geographic North Pole X) The equator Y) Costa Rica Z) Saudi Arabia
W: W) The geographic North Pole
X: X) The equator
Y: Y) Costa Rica
Z: Z) Saudi Arabia
Answer: W) W) The geographic North Pole
Which of the following describes the temperature and productivity of surface ocean water in an upwelling zone? W) High temperature and low productivity X) High temperature and high productivity Y) Low temperature and high productivity Z) Low temperature and low productivity
W: W) High temperature and low productivity
X: X) High temperature and high productivity
Y: Y) Low temperature and high productivity
Z: Z) Low temperature and low productivity
Answer: Y) Y) Low temperature and high productivity
What is the center of the hyperbola \(\frac{(x-3)^2}{25} - \frac{(y+1)^2}{49} = 1\)?
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What is one equation in slope–intercept form of an asymptote of the hyperbola \(\frac{(x-3)^2}{25} - \frac{(y+1)^2}{49} = 1\)?
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A compact car and a large SUV are both driving down the freeway at 60 mph. They both must stop to avoid an obstacle 0.3 miles in front of them. What does the SUV require more of relative to the car in order to stop in time to avoid hitting the obstacle? W) Force X) Momentum Y) Velocity Z) Torque
W: W) Force
X: X) Momentum
Y: Y) Velocity
Z: Z) Torque
Answer: W) W) Force
Electrochemical batteries convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. Would you expect the efficiency of an electrochemical battery, in general, to be more or less efficient in generating electrical energy than a gas-powered electrical generator? W) It depends on the current X) The overall efficiency of a battery would be better than that of a gas-powered electrical generator Y) The overall efficiency of a battery would be worse than that of a gas-powered electrical generator Z) The overall efficiency of a battery would be equal to that of a gas-powered electrical generator
W: W) It depends on the current
X: X) The overall efficiency of a battery would be better than that of a gas-powered electrical generator
Y: Y) The overall efficiency of a battery would be worse than that of a gas-powered electrical generator
Z: Z) The overall efficiency of a battery would be equal to that of a gas-powered electrical generator
Answer: X) X) The overall efficiency of a battery would be better than that of a gas-powered electrical generator